Synthesis, fabrication and characterization of poly[3-3′(vinylcarbazole)] (PVK) Langmuir-Schaefer films

Poly[3-3′(vinylcarbazole)] (PVK) was synthetized with N-vinylcarbazole as monomer by oxidative polymerization with ferric chloride. The resulting polymer was then deposited on various solid supports by using Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) method. The pressure-area isotherm of PVK revealed the possibility of compact monolayer formation at air-water interface. Different layers of PVK were doped with iodine vapours. Both scanning probe microscopy and optical microscopy images indicated a good uniformity of the films. The morphology and the thickness of PVK films were investigated using atomic force microscopy. The voltammetric investigation of I₂ doped PVK showed a distinctive electrochemical behaviour. The photoinduced charge transfer across a donor/acceptor (D/A) hybrid interface provided an effective method to study the photoelectrochemical properties of the composite LS films.     

Measurement of the size, shape and orientation of convex bodies

Different types of solid bodies (particles) with specific shape and size are needed for industrial processes. For spherical particles, ‘sizer’ measurements are usually reported as sphere diameters. For non-spherical particles, particle shape and especially orientation must be taken into account. Particles of a specific shape will present different views when looked at from different directions.We have employed a Camsizer^® instrument to measure the distribution of projected area under different physical conditions for solid cylindrical particles:

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Under ‘ideal’ conditions, corresponding to a uniform distribution of particle orientation, measurements agreed with predictions. The celebrated theorem of Cauchy applies only to this case.

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For two other situations, measured and predicted results differed. However, from the experimental data it was possible to infer the particle orientations and hence theoretically predict the projected area distribution. Excellent agreement between theory and practice was then restored.

     

Advancements in the design and validation of an air pollution integrated assessment model for Spain

This paper describes the design and application of the Atmospheric Evaluation and Research Integrated model for Spain (AERIS). Currently, AERIS can provide concentration profiles of NO₂, O₃, SO₂, NH₃, PM, as a response to emission variations of relevant sectors in Spain. Results are calculated using transfer matrices based on an air quality modelling system (AQMS) composed by the WRF (meteorology), SMOKE (emissions) and CMAQ (atmospheric-chemical processes) models. The AERIS outputs were statistically tested against the conventional AQMS and observations, revealing a good agreement in both cases. At the moment, integrated assessment in AERIS focuses only on the link between emissions and concentrations. The quantification of deposition, impacts (health, ecosystems) and costs will be introduced in the future. In conclusion, the main asset of AERIS is its accuracy in predicting air quality outcomes for different scenarios through a simple yet robust modelling framework, avoiding complex programming and long computing times.     

球缺形药型罩形成EFP的数值模拟及其优化设计

利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对球缺形药型罩形成EFP的过程进行数值模拟,着重分析药型罩厚度和装药的长径比L/D对EFP成型的影响.通过观察EFP成型过程图和分析EFP节点的速度曲线图,得到EFP的成型过程与理论分析相符合.在药型罩厚度增加时EFP的速度不断减小、头部越来越钝,随着装药的长径比L/D增大,EFP的速度也在增大,达到L/D=1.75后速度增长减慢.在装药半径为6.5cm的EFP战斗部中的最优设计参数为：药型罩厚度为0.4cm,装药的长径比L/D为1.5.     

基于DS18B20的多点测温扩展模块

针对目前广泛应用的DALLAS公司的数字温度传感器DS18B20,分析了多点测温电路的缺陷,介绍了一个实现多点测温模块的实现方法。使用DS18B20,配合总线驱动双向三态门74LS245的电路成功实现了多点测温,并给出了编写模块驱动程序的流程,最后说明了多点测温模块适用的场合。     

计算机辅助插销试验裂纹评定系统的研制

播销试验是评估金属材料焊接裂纹倾向的试验方法。为了提高该试验方法的可靠性、精度和自动化程度。研制了一个以PCL-818LS数据采集卡为核心的计算机辅助智控系统。通过大量冷裂纹和再热裂纹插销试验表明，整个系统的可靠性和精度能满足试验要求。     

混合总体最小二乘的迭代解算算法

总体最小二乘估计能够同时顾及线性模型中系数矩阵[WTHX]A和观测向量L的 误差,平差理论相对更为严密。如果系数矩阵[WTHX]A[WTBZ]的部分元素没有误差,这种总体最小二乘模 型为混合总体最小二乘模型。针对混合总体最小二乘(Least squares total least squares, LS TLS)解算问题,应用测量平差中 的 原理和方法,推导了混合总体最小二乘的迭代逼近解算公式,通过与奇异值分解法分析比较 ,分析了两种解算方法具有等价性,最后通过实验数据分析得出迭代算法的有效性 和合理性。     

基于LSFD算法的小波模糊神经网络的研究与应用

利用小波变换的多分辨率特性构造小波模糊神经网络模型,并应用在非线性系统的辨识上.在参数学习上,给出了模糊微分与李亚普诺夫稳定相结合的新算法—LSFD算法,并与梯度下降法进行了对比.通过仿真,结果表明小波模糊神经网络模型与模糊神经网络、模糊小波神经网络、小波神经网络和神经网络等模型相比,其性能指标最小,收敛速度更快,更加准确.     

一种MIMO-OFDM系统的信道估计算法

导频辅助的最小平方（LS）算法是MIMO—OFDM系统中常用的信道估计方法,特点是易于实现,但精度不高。基于最小均方误差（MMSE）的信道估计算法性能较好,但复杂度高,难以实现。提出了一种基于离散傅里叶变换（DFT）的信道估计算法,首先将LS信道估计循环前缀长度以外的时域响应值置零,然后选择重要路径,再通过计算参考导频的相位偏移量来进行补偿,最终实现信道的估计。算法能够满足一定的估计精度,且便于实现。仿真数据证明了算法的有效性。     

MIMO-CDMA子选择系统设计及性能分析

多用户MIMO-CDMA是MIMO技术领域研究的最新成果,MIMO-CDMA系统可以显著地提高系统的容量和BER性能。但系统复杂度高,而天线选择技术可以大大降低MIMO-CDMA系统实现复杂度。设计了一种基于帧结构的MIMO-CDMA接收端子选择系统仿真平台,分析和比较了在MBER、MMI和MNP等不同选择准则条件下的系统性能,并对仿真结果进行了评价。