微波辅助孵育法富集麦胚多肽的工艺优化

目的 麦胚孵育过程中蛋白酶将蛋白质水解成肽和氨基酸，多肽具有明确的生理活性和营养调节作用。本研究以麦胚为试验原料，采用微波辅助预处理的方法，研究孵育的温度、时间、pH及料液比4种因素对孵育后的蛋白酶活力及多肽含量的影响。 方法 通过单因素和响应曲面试验进行工艺条件优化。 结果 与未进行微波辅助预处理的样品相比，微波辅助处理（600 W, 10 s）能显著提高孵育后样品中的蛋白酶酶活力（约9.4倍）和肽含量（约3.1倍）。经过微波辅助处理后，孵育温度为51.5℃、pH为4.0、时间为6.33 h、料液比为1:7时，蛋白酶活力达最高为3826.24 U/g；孵育温度为45.0 ℃、pH为4.8、时间为8 h、料液比为1:7时，肽含量达最高为262.63 mg/g。 结论 微波辅助处理能有效的激活麦胚孵育液中的内源性蛋白酶活性，促进蛋白水解反应，显著提高孵育后的肽含量。该研究结果为麦胚多肽的制备新工艺开发提供了研究基础。     

收入费用观与资产负债观的比较与趋势研究

资产负债观和收入费用观是计量企业收益的两种不同会计理论。长期以来,我国会计理论和会计实务主要采用的是以收入费用观来确认和计量企业的收益。随着资本市场的发展以及经济环境、经济活动的复杂化,传统收入费用观下所提供的会计信息的相关性受到质疑。在适度引入公允价值计量模式的条件下,全面收益观的提出,使会计收益计量模式的重心由收入费用观转向资产负债观。2006年2月我国企业新会计准则的颁布,在很多地方也引入了资产负债观理念。对这两种收益计量模式作简单的比较,揭示收入费用观向资产负债观转变的趋势,并分析了资产负债观在我国新会计准则中的体现。     

原位剩余污泥减量技术的研究进展

日益突出的污泥问题,使实现污泥减量化变得更加迫切．总结了近年来国内外在剩余污泥减量化方面的研究进展,介绍了溶胞-隐性生长、解偶联代谢、维持代谢和生物捕食等原位剩余污泥减量的理论与技术,分析了各种污泥减量技术的特点及其应用情况,并指出了目前剩余污泥减量技术存在的问题和需要进一步研究的工作．     

内禀安全：网络安全能力体系化构建方法

目前主流的网络安全防护体系是外嵌的,安全体系与业务体系分离,安全产品相互孤立,在防护能力上难以高效应对越来越复杂的网络安全挑战。网络安全从外向内进行强基,势在必行。将网络安全的业务场景归纳为组织、厂商、监管和威胁四方视角,各视角具有不同的业务目标。从四方视角的共性和个性出发,系统性归纳网络安全生态的能力需求,提出内禀安全方法论。内禀安全能力是指ICT组件原生支撑监测、防护和溯源等安全功能的能力。内禀安全能力对网络安全具有基础支撑作用,本身不是最终的安全功能实现,与现有的“内生安全”“内设安全”等方法论所针对的问题不同。内禀安全强调网络组件内在的安全赋能禀赋,有两种方式可以发掘这种禀赋,一是通过先天安全能力激活,二是外嵌能力内化,对外在逻辑上表现出自体免疫。此类组件的优势之一在于业务与安全的内聚,能够透明化感知安全态势、定制化配置安全策略、贴身化执行安全保护;优势之二在于将业务功能与安全功能进行合并封装,简化整体工程架构,降低网络管理复杂度。进一步提出了内禀安全支撑能力框架,对符合内禀安全理念的安全能力进行归纳和枚举,将安全支撑能力分为采集、认知、执行、协同和弹复5类,并进一步介绍各类能力的子类型和基础ICT技术。基于该框架,介绍了典型安全业务场景在内禀安全理念下的增强实现。     

A mathematical model for vehicle routing problem under endogenous uncertainty

In this study, a multistage stochastic programming (SP) model is presented for a variant of single-vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands from a dynamic viewpoint. It is assumed that the actual demand of a customer becomes known only when the customer is visited. This problem falls into the category of SP with endogenous uncertainty and hence, the scenario tree is decision-dependent. Therefore, nonanticipativity of decisions is ensured by conditional constraints making up a large portion of total constraints. Thus, a novel approach is proposed that considerably reduces the problem size without any effect on the solution space. Computational results on some test problems are reported.     

Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy via Transporting Endogenous Tumor Antigens to Lymph Nodes Mediated by Nano Fe3O4

While immunotherapy has a tremendous clinical potential to combat cancer, immune responses generated by conventional cancer immunotherapy remain not enough to completely eliminate tumors, mainly due to the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment and heterogeneity of tumor immunogenicity. To improve antitumor immune responses and realize personalized immunotherapy, in this report, endogenous tumor antigens (ETAs) that dynamically present on tumor cells are transported to lymph nodes (LNs). Based on the hypothesis that nano Fe₃O₄ (≈10 nm) could serve as the nanocarrier for transporting ETAs from the tumor to LNs, we wondrously find that Fe₃O₄ has a tremendous potential to improve cancer immunotherapy, because of its excellent protein‐captured efficiency and LNs‐targeted ability. To ensure the optimal ETAs‐bound efficiency of Fe₃O₄, a core–shell formulation (denoted as Ce6/Fe₃O₄‐L) is developed and specific release of Fe₃O₄ in tumor is enabled. These findings provide a simple and general strategy for boosting cytotoxic T‐cell response and realizing personalized cancer immunotherapy simultaneously.     

高管激励机制与绩效内生性关系实证研究——以陕西省上市公司数据为例

随着“委托-代理”的公司经营模式兴起,关于高管激励机制与绩效之间相关关系的研究应运而生．文中在单一方程模型与联立方程模型基础上,运用Eviews软件对陕西省上市公司的数据进行处理,并采用经济附加值（EconomicValueAdded,EVA）作为衡量企业经营绩效的指标,从内生性的视角研究上市公司高管激励机制与绩效之间的关系．结果表明高管激励机制与绩效之间不但存在着正相关关系,而且两者之间存在内生性关系．而对于两者的相互作用机理方面还需要进一步研究．     

ASBR与脉冲进水SBR组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液

为了研究厌氧-好氧工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的脱氮性能,采用ASBR联合脉冲进水SBR(脉冲SBR)处理高氨氮实际垃圾渗滤液。ASBR的水力停留时间为2d;中间水箱调节脉冲SBR的进水C/N(3～5)和NH4+-N浓度;脉冲SBR采用3次等量进水模式,运行周期分为4个缺氧段和3个好氧段,不投加外碳源,缺氧4利用污泥内碳源进行反硝化。结果表明,串联运行时期(157d)系统获得了高效的脱氮性能。ASBR进水COD为7 338～10 445mg.L-1,去除率在83%以上;脉冲SBR进水NH4+-N浓度分4个阶段逐步提高至912.0±41.7mg.L-1,总氮(TN)去除率在90%以上,出水总氮小于40mg.L-1;系统COD和总氮去除率分别在87%和97%以上。单个缺氧4进程内的内源反硝化速率(DNR)会由快变慢,而其平均理论内源反硝化速率(TDNRm)达到了1.531mgN.h-1.gMLVSS-1。在不使用物化预处理和不投加外碳源的情况下实现了对渗滤液的深度脱氮。     

Sex Differences and Individual Differences in Cognitive Performance and Their Relationship to Endogenous Gonadal Hormones and Gonadotropins.

Sexually dimorphic cognitive performance in men (n=42) and women (n=42) was related to testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex hormone binding globulin, measured in 10-ml blood samples collected between 0900 and 1030 and, among women, during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Significant sex differences favored men on spatial tasks (Mental Rotation and Judgment of Line Orientation) and on an inhibition task and favored women on a verbal task (category fluency). However, there were no significant relationships between any of the hormones and cognitive performance, suggesting that there are few, if any, consistent, substantial relationships between endogenous, nonfluctuating levels of gonadal hormones or gonadotropins and these cognitive abilities in men or women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)