Growth Defects in Langasite Crystals Observed with White Beam Synchrotron Radiation Topography

Langasite single crystal was grown by the Czochralski method and its perfection was assessed by white beam synchrotron radiation topography. It is found that the growth core and the growth striations are the primary growth defects and they show strong X-ray kinematical contrast in the topographs. Another typical defect in LGS crystal is dislocation. The formation mechanisms of these growth defects in LGS crystals were discussed.     

变频器调速装置节能浅析

1概述 近十多年来,随着电力电子技术、微电子技术及现代控制理论的发展,变频调速技术已经广泛地用于交流电动机的速度控制,其最主要的特点是具有高效率的驱动性能及良好的控制特性.它是一种高新技术电力节能装置,它通过改变（降低）电源工作频率,来降低动力设备（电机）的转速,减少设备的输出功率,达到输出功率与工作负荷的最佳匹配,实现节能目的,有效地提高了经济效益和产品质量.几乎可以说,有电动机的地方就有变频器,在一切需要进行速度控制的场合,变频器以其操作方便、体积小、控制性能高而获得广泛应用.     

High-performance and power-efficient CMOS comparators

Several design techniques for high-performance and power-efficient CMOS comparators are proposed. First, the comparator is based on the priority-encoding (PE) algorithm, and the dynamic circuit technique developed specifically for the priority encoder can be applied. Second, the PE function and the subsequent logic functions are merged and efficiently realized in the multiple output domino logic (MODL) to result in a shortened logic depth. The circuit in MODL CMOS is also compact and power efficient because few transistors are needed. Third, the multilevel look-ahead technique is used to shorten the path of priority-token propagation. Finally, the circuit is realized with a latch-based two-stage pipelined structure, and the comparison function is partitioned into two parts, with each part executed in each half of the clock cycle in a delay-balanced manner. Post-layout simulation results show that a 64-b comparator designed with the proposed techniques in a 3-V 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS technology is 16% faster, 50% smaller, and 79% more power efficient as compared with the all-n-transistor comparator, which is the fastest among the conventional comparators. Measurement results of the test chip conform with simulation results and prove the feasibility of the proposed techniques.     

UA5000构筑可信赖的接入网络

自2005年全球电信业提出“向综合信息服务提供商转型”的观念后，国内各电信企业已经纷纷行动起来．经过长达一年时间的策划和筹备，目前已进入具体实施阶段。但是，转型不是推倒重来，而是要兼顾效益和成本，这是各运营商成功实施转型所必须遵从的一个基本原则。     

农业灌溉的负效应

农业灌溉在提高农业抗灾能力、促进农业发展、改善人民生活中都发挥了十分重要的作用。但同时,灌溉打破了原有水量平衡、水土平衡、水沙平衡和水盐平衡。造成的负面效应有:水污染加剧对物理系统、生物系统(动植物和人类健康等)产生负面影响;水资源短缺降低了历史文化景观价值,对社会系统产生负面影响。应加强流域和区域灌溉水源统一调度,协调灌溉用水和生态环境用水的关系,大力发展节水灌溉,加强灌溉工程运行管理,减小农业灌溉负效应。     

A 1.5-V 45-mW direct-conversion WCDMA receiver IC in 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS

A 2-GHz direct-conversion receiver for wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) is presented. It includes two low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), an I/Q demodulator, and two sixth-order baseband channel select filters with programmable gain. Quadrature local oscillator (LO) signals are generated on chip in a frequency divider flip-flop. An external interstage filter between the LNAs rejects transmitter leakage to relax demodulator linearity requirements. A low-voltage demodulator topology improves linearity as well as demodulator output pole accuracy. The active-RC baseband filter uses a programmable servo loop for offset compensation and provides an adjacent channel rejection of 39 dB. Programmable gain over 71-dB range in 1-dB steps is merged with the filter to maximize dynamic range. An automatic on-chip frequency calibration scheme provides better than 1.5% corner frequency accuracy. The receiver is integrated in a 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS process with metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors. Measured receiver performance includes a 6.5-dB noise figure, IIP2 of +27 dBm, and IIP3 of -8.6 dBm. Power consumption is 45 mW.     

大庆长垣西侧扶杨油层油水同层形成及识别

结合松辽盆地大庆长垣西侧扶余、杨大城子油层的勘探实践,从顶生下储的特殊成藏原理出发,详细地讨论了扶余、杨大城子油层的油水层形成机理,提出了2种形成模式。认为扶杨油层的油水同层是在以上覆烃源岩的超压为驱动力的成藏条件下形成,油水混合运移注入储层,由于储层的孔喉小,油水重力分异不好,造成孔隙存油,喉道存水。这种低渗透储层孔隙结构复杂,含油饱和度低,油水在孔隙中分布状况特殊,使得电阻率等曲线反映流体的信息变弱,造成油水层识别变难。为此提出多参数降维油气水层识别方法,经实际应用取得较好的效果。      

多区双重介质复合气藏渗流数学模型及其压力动态

四川盆地大多数气藏属于裂缝孔隙型气藏,气藏非均质性强.经典的径向均质复合试井解释模型与气藏实际情况不相符,解释结果与实际地质情况出现抵触现象.针对这种情况,建立了多区双重孔隙介质复合地层模型,求得了该模型的拉氏空间解,分析了其典型的压力动态特征,并对影响因素可能对曲线产生的影响进行了分析.     

不同级配对微表处混和料性能的影响

微表处技术是一种性能优良的路面养护技术。首先检验了微表处用原材料的技术指标,在满足规范的要求下选择了三种不同级配,并对三种不同级配的微表处混和料的使用性能进行了比较。     

RI/VI联用测定聚乙烯相对分子质量及其分布

150℃测试温度下，以1，2，4-三氯苯为溶剂，采用示差折光指数器，毛细管黏度计双检测器联用凝胶渗透色谱技术测定了聚乙烯的相对分子质量及其分布。与常规凝胶渗透色谱法对比，该方法不仅能直接得到聚乙烯较精确的相对分子质量和分布形态，同时可以得到聚乙烯的特性黏数分布。