图像分割方法的研究现状与展望

图像分割是图像处理中的一项关键技术，也是一经典难题，发展至今仍没有找到一个通用的方法，也没有制定出判断分割算法好坏的标准．对近几年来出现的图像分割方法作了较为全面的综述，探讨了图像分割技术的发展方向，对从事图像处理研究的科研人员具有一定的启发作用．     

CCD离散性对面积测量的影响

分析了电荷耦合器件(CCD)在空间和彩色(或灰度)的离散特性对面积测量的影响。通过统计特定区域的边界点和分析图像分割的效果,提出了一种评价CCD相关误差的方法。举例说明了图像分割方法对面积测量的影响很大,为此,讨论了正确使用CCD和提高面积测量精度的相应措施。     

Luminaries-level structure improvement of LEDs for heat dissipation enhancement under natural convection

Heat dissipation enhancement of LED luminaries is of great significance to the large-scale application of LED. Luminaries-level structure improvement by the method of boring through-hole is adopted to intensify heat dissipation. Furthermore, the natural convection heat transfer process of LED luminaries is simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model before and after the structural modification. As shown by computational results, boring through-hole is beneficial to develop bottom-to-top natural convection, eliminate local circumfluence, and finally form better flow pattern. Analysis based on field synergy principle shows that boring through-hole across LED luminaries improves the synergy between flow field and temperature field, and effectively decreases the thermal resistance of luminaries-level heat dissipation structure. Under the same computational conditions, by luminaries-level structure improvement the highest temperature of heat sink is decreased by about 8°C and the average heat transfer coefficient is increased by 45.8%.     

中线平移互交视线测设法在斜交桥梁定位的应用

以福建某高速公路尤溪段源湖中桥为例,阐述了中线平移互交视线测设法在斜交桥梁墩台定位的应用情况,实践证明该方法能很好地解决斜交桥梁墩台定位的问题。     

Real-time characterization of aerosol particle composition,sources and influences of increased ventilation and humidity in an office

Most of human exposure to atmospheric pollutants occurs indoors, and the components of outdoor aerosols may have been changed in the way before reaching indoor spaces. Here we conducted real-time online measurements of mass concentrations and chemical composition of black carbon and the non-refractory species in PM_2.5 in an occupied office for approximately one month. The open-close windows and controlled dampness experiments were also performed. Our results show that indoor aerosol species primarily originate from outdoors with indoor/outdoor ratio of these species typically less than unity except for certain organic aerosol (OA) factors. All aerosol species went through filtration upon transport indoors. Ammonium nitrate and fossil fuel OA underwent evaporation or particle-to-gas partitioning, while less oxidized secondary OA (SOA) underwent secondary formation and cooking OA might have indoor sources. With higher particulate matter (PM) mass concentration outdoors than in the office, elevated natural ventilation increased PM exposure indoors and this increased exposure was prolonged when outdoor PM was scavenged. We found that increasing humidity in the office led to higher indoor PM mass concentration particularly more oxidized SOA. Overall, our results highlight that indoor exposure of occupants is substantially different from outdoor in terms of mass concentrations and chemical species.     

Study on photocatalysis of TiO 2 nanotubes prepared by methanol-thermal synthesis at low temperature

TiO₂ nanotubes were synthesized by the solvothermal process at low temperature in a highly alkaline water–methanol mixed solution. Their characteristics were identified by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), specific surface area (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The as-prepared samples were tested by the photodegradation reaction of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible-light irradiation. The ratios of methanol and water, as well as calcination temperature, affected the morphology, nanostructure and photocatalytic performance. The methanol solvent plays an important role in improving crystallization of the anatase phase, which affects the photocatalytic reaction. Titanate nanotubes were synthesized in methanol–water volume ratios of 10:90, 20:80 and 30:70 which still had high absorbability. Titania nanotubes formed at a calcination temperature of 300 °C using methanol–water volume ratio of 30:70 showed highest photocatalytic performance, much higher than that using water solvent and TiO₂–P25 powder.     

输电线路耐张线夹的数字射线检测

耐张线夹的压接质量直接关系输电线路的安全。通过设计相应检测工装、改良检测设备等措施,成功利用数字射线(DR)技术,对耐张线夹的压接质量进行了检测,既满足了相关标准的要求,又提高了检测效率,为输电线路的安全提供了保障。     

中压区域补偿型动态电压调节器设计

对适用于10kV配电网区域电压跌落治理的动态电压恢复器进行了设计,给出了基于级联H桥的主电路、取电装置、无变压器耦合电路的设计方法,并针对中性点不接地配网系统中电压跌落的特点,提出了一种仅需补偿电压跌落相电压即可恢复负载侧线电压的参考值计算方法。最后,基于PSCAD搭建了仿真模型,分析了不同故障类型下动态电压调节器(DVR)的补偿效果以及取电装置对系统的影响,通过实验验证了DVR硬件设计与参考电压计算方法的正确性和有效性。     

电视机的虚拟开发与设计（一）--电子元器件的虚拟开发设计

本文主要应用虚拟技术对电视机进行开发,在设计和开发过程中,主要对电视机的基本结构如电视机外壳、电子元器件、连接导线和PCB等结构要素进行交互操作、场景开发和动画控制,给出了详细的开发过程和开发效果图,对于电视机的开发具有一定的借鉴作用。