配筋UHPC梁抗扭承载力可靠度分析及材料分项系数的确定

超高性能混凝土(Ultra-High Performance Concrete, UHPC)抗拉强度对抗扭承载力的贡献不可忽略,其构件抗扭承载力计算公式不同于常规混凝土。为检验该公式的可靠度水平,该文基于试验结果和公开文献中的相关数据,得到了UHPC抗拉强度及抗扭承载力模型不定性统计参数。在综合考虑荷载组合、箍筋配筋率、UHPC抗拉强度和钢筋强度等关键参数的基础上,运用Monte Carlo方法对3240种组合下UHPC梁抗扭承载力状态进行了可靠度分析,考查了各关键参数对可靠指标的影响并进行了敏感性分析。结果表明：按现行UHPC规范计算配筋UHPC梁抗扭承载力,其可靠度水平满足要求且可靠指标远高于目标指标;UHPC抗拉强度等级越高且材料分项系数取值越大,配筋率对可靠指标的影响越显著;其抗拉强度对可靠指标影响较显著,钢筋强度对可靠指标的影响可忽略。为充分利用UHPC抗拉强度,基于敏感性分析结果,结合目标可靠指标,校准了不同等级UHPC抗拉强度材料分项系数(强度等级UT05、UT07和UT10的材料分项系数分别为1.25、1.17和1.11)。最后,给出了不同等级抗拉强度建议设计值,可分别取3.45MPa、5.67MPa和9.01MPa。     

变功率跟踪轨迹的光伏并网低电压穿越策略

提出了一种新型的变功率跟踪轨迹的低电压穿越控制策略。通过电压跌落幅度的前馈控制对功率跟踪轨迹进行调节,实时改变光伏电池端电压,进而快速有效地控制光伏电池功率的输出,实现逆变器两侧功率的平衡;通过与并网逆变器的协同控制,保证逆变器并网输出电流在不越限的前提下,为电网提供尽可能多的有功功率和无功功率,最大限度地支持电网电压的恢复,实现了光伏并网系统的零电压穿越。通过在不同光照强度和温度条件下对多种场景的仿真模拟,验证了所提控制策略的有效性。与传统控制策略相比,采用该策略不需要添加额外的设备,不仅实现了系统的安全、稳定运行,而且降低了光伏发电系统的成本,更具实用性。     

Cobalt Alleviates GA-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Wheat Aleurone Layers via the Regulation of H2O2 Production and Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) are key signaling molecules that are produced in response to various environmental stimuli. Here, we demonstrate that cobalt is able to delay gibberellic acid (GA)-induced programmed cell death (PCD) in wheat aleurone layers. A similar response was observed when samples were pretreated with carbon monoxide (CO) or bilirubin (BR), two end-products of HO catalysis. We further observed that increased HO-1 expression played a role in the cobalt-induced alleviation of PCD. The application of HO-1-specific inhibitor, zinc protoporphyrin-IX (ZnPPIX), substantially prevented the increases of HO-1 activity and the alleviation of PCD triggered by cobalt. The stimulation of HO-1 expression, and alleviation of PCD might be caused by the initial H₂O₂ production induced by cobalt. qRT-PCR and enzymatic assays revealed that cobalt-induced gene expression and the corresponding activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), three enzymes that metabolize reactive oxygen species, were consistent with the H₂O₂ accumulation during GA treatment. These cobalt responses were differentially blocked by co-treatment with ZnPPIX. We therefore suggest that HO-1 functions in the cobalt-triggered alleviation of PCD in wheat aleurone layers, which is also dependent on the enhancement of the activities of antioxidant enzymes.     

H2S气氛下硫化温度对Cu2ZnSnS4薄膜性能影响的研究

用磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上沉积Zn/Sn/Cu预置层,然后再在H2S气氛下将其硫化制成Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)薄膜。研究了不同硫化温度(460,500,540和580℃)对CZTS薄膜性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、Raman、扫描电镜、能量色散谱和紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计表征薄膜的物相、表面形貌和光学性能。结果表明,在不同硫化温度下都成功制备了CZTS薄膜。当硫化温度为540℃时,制备的薄膜晶粒达到2μm,结晶性最好,表面致密光滑,而且它的吸收系数大于7×104cm-1,禁带宽度为1.49 e V。硫化温度较低(460℃)时,含有Cu2-xS杂质相,表面存在孔洞。而硫化温度较高(580℃)时,晶界处会产生微裂纹。     

环糊精修饰的量子点功能材料及其选择性识别研究进展

环糊精(CD)修饰的量子点(QDs)作为一种新型的荧光纳米功能材料,针对QDs修饰及选择性识别方面,近年来广泛受到研究人员的关注。本文着眼于CD修饰的QDs之选择性识别功能,以识别分子种类分类,分为:对生物活性分子的选择性识别,对药物分子的选择性识别和对其他分子的识别。综述了近5年来CD修饰的QDs在上述3方面的代表性研究及应用,并展望了CD修饰的QDs在未来的发展方向。     

一种宽电压输入范围降压稳压电路的设计

为了解决高压恒流源芯片内部低压模块供电问题,通过集成降压预调整电路、前置基准源和线性稳压器3个模块,设计了一种宽电压输入范围的降压稳压电路.采用0.6μm BCD工艺模型进行仿真验证.结果显示,降压预调整电路低压跟随时压差在50mV内.输入在6～40V范围内变化时,偏置和基准的变化分别为1.13mV和0.3mV幅度.线性稳压器直流下PSRR可达-85dB,在1MHz工作频率下,输入电压为6V和40V时,模拟电源变化幅度分别不超过24mV和46mV,数字电源变化幅度分别不超过0.3V和0.8V.该降压稳压电路已成功应用于高压LED恒流源中.     

Hierarchical NiMn Layered Double Hydroxide/Carbon Nanotubes Architecture with Superb Energy Density for Flexible Supercapacitors

A hierarchical nanostructure composed of NiMn‐layered double hydroxide (NiMn‐LDH) microcrystals grafted on carbon nanotube (CNT) backbone is constructed by an in situ growth route, which exhibits superior supercapacitive performance. The resulting composite material (NiMn‐LDH/CNT) displays a three‐dimensional architecture with tunable Ni/Mn ratio, well‐defined core‐shell configuration, and enlarged surface area. An electrochemical investigation shows that the Ni₃Mn₁‐LDH/CNT electrode is rather active, which delivers a maximum specific capacitance of 2960 F g^–1 (at 1.5 A g^–1), excellent rate capability (79.5% retention at 30 A g^–1), and cyclic stability. Moreover, an all‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor (SC) with good flexibility is fabricated by using the NiMn‐LDH/CNT film and reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/CNT film as the positive and negative electrode, respectively, exhibiting a wide cell voltage of 1.7 V and largely enhanced energy density up to 88.3 Wh kg^–1 (based on the total weight of the device). By virtue of the high‐capacity of pseudocapacitive hydroxides and desirable conductivity of carbon‐based materials, the monolithic design demonstrated in this work provides a promising approach for the development of flexible energy storage systems.     

齐古断褶带头屯河组—清水河组地球化学特征及古环境

为确定齐古断褶带头屯河组—清水河组地球化学特征及其古环境,利用X射线荧光光谱仪进行元素分析,选取对沉积环境较为敏感的钒（V）、铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、钴（Co）、锶（Sr）、锆（Zr）、镓（Ga）等元素,系统分析了研究区的古氧化—还原条件、古盐度、古水深及古气候特征。结果表明,研究区头屯河组—清水河组为氧化环境沉积,极个别时期为短暂的弱氧化—弱还原环境。Ga、Sr等敏感元素及Sr/Ba指示,研究区头屯河组—喀拉扎组沉积期以淡水环境为主,局部可能有短暂的半咸水环境;清水河组古盐度波动较为频繁,其沉积期咸水与淡水频繁交替。根据Co元素估算,头屯河组—清水河组沉积期水深为2.05~74.20 m,水体深度波动较大。头屯河组—喀拉扎组沉积期气候由温暖湿润转向炎热干旱,清水河组沉积期又逐渐转向温暖湿润。     

MS/RF CMOS工艺兼容的光电探测器

为实现光纤通信系统中的单片光电集成,采用工业标准工艺设计了硅基光电探测器,讨论了光电探测器的机理,提出了五种新的探测器结构,并采用TSMC 0.18μm MS/RF CMOS工艺进行了流片.利用半导体测试仪对芯片进行了测试,包括探测器的暗电流、响应度和结电容,并分析了深n阱、浅沟槽隔离等工艺步骤对探测器参数的影响.结果表明,利用标准MS/RF CMOS工艺实现的光电探测器具有良好的特性.