石蜡的国内外市场

石蜡在国际市场上相对稳定，预计２０００年的需求量为３５０万ｔ，价格仍将维持在目前的水平。１９９５年我国石蜡的产量为８４．５万ｔ，预计２０００年国内需求量约６０万ｔ，出口量将达５０万ｔ     

Bubble nucleation and growth in fluids

The nucleation and growth of CO₂ bubbles in non-Newtonian and Newtonian fluids that were initially supersaturated under different pressures are investigated in the present work. Quantitative information by means of two cameras reveals that at an immobile nucleation site the bubble grows rapidly followed by a linear increase in bubble diameter with time. After reaching a critical size, the bubble detaches from the stagnant site to rise in liquids with an exponential temporary increase for both the diameter and distance. A simple physical reasoning was proposed to qualitatively explain these observed phenomena. Recently, the growth rate and flow fields around a CO₂ micro-bubble were measured in a microdevice by a micro-Particle Image Velocimetry in water. This information at microscale gives new insight into the complex mechanism of bubble nucleation and growth in fluids and could help to develop a rigorous theoretical modelling and numerical simulation such as the Lattice Boltzmann approach.     

Gemini表面活性剂的研究现状及其前景

Gem in i表面活性剂具有特殊的结构与性质,所以也就具有了独特的用途。本文从合成、应用等方面系统地分析了Gem in i表面活性剂国内外研究现状,重点介绍了国内的最新研究进展,并展望了其发展前景。     

弓形降液管两相流动的CFD模拟

采用欧拉两相流模型,模拟了弓形降液管内的空气一水两相流动,得到了与弓形降液管堰长垂直截面上的气含率分布与两相的速度分布.结果表明,降液管底部气含率低,中部的气含率增加显著,上部的气含率较高.液相对气相有很强的夹带作用,同时气相的浮力对于液相流动也有一定的阻碍作用.将模拟结果与文献进行对照,两者吻合较好,说明提出的模型对于降液管内流体流动状况的模拟是合适的.     

添加Y2O3-Al2O3烧结助剂的氮化硅陶瓷的超高压烧结

以Y2O3-Al2O3体系为烧结助剂,在5.4～5.7 GPa,1 570～1 770K的高温高压条件下进行了氮化硅陶瓷的超高压烧结研究.用X射线衍射及扫描电镜对烧结样品进行了分析和观察,探讨了烧结温度及压力对烧结的陶瓷样品性能的影响.结果表明:得到的氮化硅由相互交错的长柱状β-Si3N4晶粒组成,微观结构均匀,α-Si3N4完全转变为β-Si3N4.经5.7GPa,1 770K且保温15min的超高压烧结,样品的相对密度达99.0%,Rockwell硬度HRA为99,Vickers硬度HV达23.3GPa.     

Glass Formation and Crystallization Behavior of a Novel GeS2–Sb2S3–PbS Chalcogenide Glass System

In the present work, a large glass-forming region was found in the novel GeS₂–Sb₂S₃–PbS system, in which up to 58 at.% PbS could be incorporated without deteriorating the thermal and physical properties of glasses. Infrared (IR) transmitting glass ceramics with a large amount of small-sized crystals (<100 nm) were then produced by choosing sub-stable compositions and annealing at fairly low temperatures (15°–30°C above T _g) for long durations (up to 100 h). Crystals were identified by X-ray diffraction as Pb₂GeS₄, PbGeS₃, PbS, PbSb₂S₄, etc., depending on base glass compositions. Compared with base glasses, glass ceramics showed much improved thermal shock resistance and fracture toughness, making them good candidate materials for IR optics.     

肠溶型药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂的制备工艺

采用乳液聚合法制备肠溶型药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂,采用甲基丙烯酸与甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为共聚单体、过硫酸钾作为引发剂、十二烷基硫酸钠及OP-10复配作为乳化剂、苯乙烯的二聚体作为分子量调节剂、碳酸氢钠作为pH值调节剂,考察了乳化剂配比及用量、引发剂及分子量调节剂的用量、反应温度、加料方式、相比等因素的影响,最终确定了实验制备药物包衣用丙烯酸树脂的最佳条件。利用乌氏粘度计测定其相对分子量,并作了红外光谱测试,结果表明,乳液符合国家药典要求。该制备过程避免了有机溶剂的使用,有明显的经济和环保效益。     

数显仪表在生产中的抗干扰措施探讨

着重分析了在生产中使用数显仪表干扰产生的原因，列举了抗干扰的措施和在生产实践中取得的成绩。     

碳纤维复合材料卫星天线的研制

通过对不同模量碳纤维的选择，研制了碳纤维复合材料卫星天线，经过机械性能、电性能和空间环境等试验考核，表明：这种新型复合材料卫星天线在卫星减重方面与传统铝合金天线相比具有很大的优势。     

柱前衍生化RP-HPLC测定中药野马追中的氨基酸

采用柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法(RP HPLC)测定了江苏地产药材野马追茎叶及其花蕾中的总氨基酸和游离氨基酸。用邻苯二甲醛(OPA)与一氯甲酸芴甲酯(FMOC)联用全自动柱前衍生化反相高效液相色谱仪,liozosphezeC18柱,pH=7.2的醋酸钠缓冲溶液和甲醇为流动相,流速为1.0mL/min,荧光检测器,波长为Ex=340nm、Em=450nm,样品中的氨基酸在30min内得到分离和检测。结果表明:野马追茎叶及其花蕾中含17种氨基酸,游离氨基酸17种,总氨基酸含量分别为2.40%和6.51%,游离氨基酸含量分别0.185%和0.508%,半胱氨酸(cys)和谷氨酸(glu)含量较高,其中7种为人体必需氨基酸。