基于仿射传播的有向网络聚类算法

现有大多数的网络聚类方法都只是针对无向网络, 已有的有向网络聚类方法建立在传统聚类算法基础之上, 存在着一定的局限性。针对上述问题, 提出一种基于仿射传播的有向网络聚类算法, 该算法首先采用SimRank作为节点之间的相似度, 并将计算得到的结果转换为适应于仿射传播算法的负值; 然后将相似度矩阵作为输入, 利用具有更好性能的仿射传播算法对有向网络进行聚类。实验结果表明, 所提出算法的聚类性能优于其他几种具有代表性的有向网络聚类算法。     

FCC汽油馏分在水热处理Zn/HZSM-5催化剂上的芳构化反应

制备了300 ℃、350 ℃、400 ℃和500 ℃不同水热处理温度下的Zn/HZSM-5催化剂，并用于FCC汽油馏分的芳构化反应。考察了水热处理温度对芳构化反应性能的影响，并与吡啶吸附红外光谱(FT-IR)相关联，研究了水热处理温度对催化剂表面酸性的影响。结果表明，水热处理Zn/HZSM-5的芳构化活性稳定性得以改善, 与未经水热处理的催化剂相比，400 ℃水热处理的Zn(2%)/HZSM-5催化剂芳构化反应36 h时，芳烃质量分数仍高达74.25%。随着水热处理温度的升高， B酸酸中心数在300～400 ℃变化不大，500 ℃显著减少，L酸酸中心数升高，400 ℃达到最大值后呈降低趋势，烯烃转化率、烷烃转化率和产品芳烃含量升高，水热处理400 ℃时均达到最大值，分别为83.62%、95.44%和92.23%，表明此时B酸中心和L酸中心比例协调性最佳。     

橡胶促进剂生产现状与发展趋势

本文介绍了世界橡胶促进剂发展趋势和我国橡胶促进剂生产现状，目前我国橡胶促进剂品种和产品质量与国外先进水平相比仍有较大的差距，因此加大技术进步、调整产品结构、改变经营观念、严格治理污染和开拓国际市场将是我国橡胶促进剂工业21世纪的主要发展措施。     

Conducting rubberlike copolymer–carbon fiber composites

Electrically conductive rubberlike copolymer–carbon fiber composites have been prepared by either a solution method or a concentrated emulsion method. In the former procedure, carbon fibers were introduced with stirring in a copolymer–toluene solution, and the polymer–fiber composites were precipitated by extracting the solvent with methanol. In the latter procedure, a pastelike concentrated emulsion of copolymer–toluene solution in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was first formed, and the carbon fibers were mechanically blended with the concentrated emulsion. The polymer–carbon fiber composites were precipitated by extracting the toluene and water with methanol. Four kinds of rubberlike copolymers have been used: styrene/ethylene–butylene/styrene triblock copolymer (SES), styrene/butadiene/styrene triblock copolymer (SBS), ethylene/propene/ethylene triblock copolymer (EPE), and ethylene/vinylacetate copolymer (EVA). Short (L = 0.1 mm)- and medium (L = 5 mm)-length carbon fibers were employed. The composites were hot-pressed in a Laboratory Press to form a sheet. The effects of the two methodologies on the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the sheets were investigated by changing the type of polymer, the size of the carbon fibers, the volume fraction of the carbon fibers in the composites, and the hot-pressing temperature. Composites with electrical conductivities in the range of 5–14 S/cm, tensile strengths in the range of 10–17 MPa, and elongations at break point larger than 200% were obtained. The conductivities of the composites prepared with the short fibers were by two orders of magnitude smaller than those prepared with medium-size fibers. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

氟烃基改性硅油的合成及其消泡性能

以丙烯酸(AA)和1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸醇(PFD)为原料合成了丙烯酸氟醇酯(AAFDE),用AAFDE与含氢硅油(HPS)硅氢加成得到氟硅油(FPS),确定了合成的较佳工艺条件,同时测定了FPS的表面张力和对柴油体系的消抑泡性能。结果表明,合成AAFDE较佳的工艺条件为:在浓硫酸(SA)催化下,甲苯为溶剂,n(AA)∶n(PFD)∶n(SA)=1.2∶1∶0.3,反应6 h,产率69%。合成FPS较佳的工艺条件为:无溶剂存在条件下,m(AAFDE)∶m(HPS)=1.1∶1,催化剂H2PtC l6的用量为8μg/g(以Pt计),110-120℃反应1 h,产率90%。用红外光谱(IR)对AAFDE和FPS进行了分析。25℃下,FPS的表面张力为21.4 mN/m,明显低于HPS(22.6 mN/m)。在柴油中,通过摇瓶法测得合成的FPS比HPS和烷基硅油(APS)具有更好的消抑泡性能。     

克隆代码技术研究综述

软件系统中克隆代码的检测与管理是软件工程中的基本问题之一, 在软件的质量、维护、架构、进化、专利和剽窃等众多领域有着广泛的应用需求。综述了克隆检测的过程、技术及其优缺点、克隆进化方向上的相关研究, 以及克隆管理的一些技术, 并特别介绍了克隆重构技术。最后概括了该领域所取得的研究成果, 并讨论了目前克隆代码研究中所遇到的挑战性问题。     

Na^＋和Ti^4＋对CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系玻璃结构和晶化的影响

使用ＲＡＭＡＮ光谱和ＤＴＡ方法研究了含少量Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系玻璃，发现在纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃（Ｃａ／Ａｌ≥１／２，Ａｌ／Ｓｉ≤１）中，Ａｌ３＋仅有一部分进入玻璃网络，少量Ｎａ＋的引入，有助于Ａｌ３＋进一步进入玻璃网络中，Ｎａ＋起了间接补强玻璃网络的作用，Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子对Ａｌ３＋进入玻璃网络结构程度的影响可认为是Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子分别以［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ和［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］基团的形式进入玻璃网络中，由于结合几率和体积效应，使［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ较［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］更易进入玻璃网络中。Ｔｉ４＋以［ＴｉＯ４］的形式进入玻璃网络，它对Ａｌ３＋是否能进入玻璃网络无明显影响。Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的单独引入，均能使玻璃网络的聚合程度增强，析晶活化能提高；而当Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋同时引入时，玻璃网络聚合程度和纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃相差不大，析晶活化能有所降低。少量Ｎａ＋的引入，不会影响析出主晶相的种类和数量，而Ｔｉ４＋的引入，则会影响到所析出主晶相的种类和数量。     

非牛顿流体自然收敛半角方程的实验验证

引言非牛顿流体从大截面流道进入小截面流道时形成的收敛流动，是工业过程中常见的流型，如石油输运、聚合物加工过程等．流体的自然收敛角定量地描述了流体在流道入口前区的流动形态．在先前的工作中，作者应用最小能原理，导出非牛顿流体自然收敛半角方程式中，e是Bagley校正因子，n是非牛顿指数，是与流体的粘附性能有关的系数．聚合物熔体属于典型的非牛顿流体．本工作中，拟在考察聚乙烯熔体于毛细管挤出过程中流变行为的基础上，对方程（2）作初步验证1实验1.1原材料选用高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）作为试样材料…     

Phase Relations in the System Al2O3–B2O3–Nd2O3

The phase relations at a temperature below "subsolidus" in the system Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–Nd₂O₃ are reported. Specimens were prepared from various compositions of Al₂O₃, B₂O₃, and Nd₂O₃ of purity 99.5%, 99.99%, and 99.9%, respectively, and fired at 1100°C. There are six binary compounds and one ternary compound in this system. The ternary compound, NdAl₃(BO₃)₄ (NAB), has a phase transition at 950°C ± 15°C. The high-temperature form of NAB has a second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of KH₂PO₄ (KDP) of the order of magnitude of the form which has been used as a good self-activated laser material, and the low-temperature form of NAB has no SHG efficiency.     

Calcination and sintering characteristics of limestone under O2/CO2 combustion atmosphere

The O₂/CO₂ coal combustion technology is an innovative combustion technology that can control CO₂, SO₂ and NO_x emissions simultaneously. Calcination and sintering characteristics of limestone under O₂/CO₂ atmosphere were investigated in this paper. The pore size, the specific pore volume and the specific surface area of CaO calcined were measured by N₂ adsorption method. The grain size of CaO calcined was determined by XRD analysis. The specific pore volume and the specific surface area of CaO calcined in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere are less than that of CaO calcined in air at the same temperature. And the pore diameter of CaO calcined in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere is larger than that in air. The specific pore volume and the specific surface area of CaO calcined in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere increase initially with temperature, and then decline as temperature exceeds 1000 °C. The peaks of the specific pore volume and the specific surface area appear at 1000 °C. The specific surface area decreases with increase in the grain size of CaO calcined. The correlations of the grain size with the specific surface area and the specific pore volume can be expressed as L = 744.67 + 464.64 lg(1 / S) and L = − 608.5 + 1342.42 lg(1 / ε), respectively. Sintering has influence on the pore structure of CaO calcined by means of influencing the grain size of CaO.