Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermal stability of La2O3-coated LiCoO2

An enhanced electrochemical performance LiCoO₂ cathode was synthesized by coating with various wt.% of La₂O₃ to the LiCoO₂ particle surfaces by a polymeric method, followed by calcination at 923 K for 4 h in air. The surface-coated materials were characterized by XRD, TGA, SEM, TEM, BET and XPS/ESCA techniques. XRD patterns of La₂O₃-coated LiCoO₂ revealed that the coating did not affect the crystal structure, α-NaFeO₂, of the cathode material compared to pristine LiCoO₂. TEM images showed a compact coating layer on the surface of the core material that had an average thickness of about ∼15 nm. XPS data illustrated that the presence of two different environmental O 1s ions corresponds to the surface-coated La₂O₃ and core material. The electrochemical performance of the coated materials by galvanostatic cycling studies suggest that 2.0 wt.% coated La₂O₃ on LiCoO₂ improved cycle stability (284 cycles) by a factor of ∼7 times over the pristine LiCoO₂ cathode material and also demonstrated excellent cell cycle stability when charged at high voltages (4.4, 4.5 and 4.6 V). Impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the enhanced performance of the coated materials is attributed to slower impedance growth during the charge-discharge processes. The DSC curve revealed that the exothermic peak corresponding to the release of oxygen at ∼464 K was significantly smaller for the La₂O₃-coated cathode material and recognized its high thermal stability.     

3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠的合成研究

以环氧氯丙烷和亚硫酸氢钠为原料合成了3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠,探讨了磺化剂种类及用量,溶剂水的用量,反应温度,反应时间对产率的影响,并用红外光谱及元素分析对产物的结构进行表征。实验表明,磺化剂宜用亚硫酸氢钠;亚硫酸氢钠/环氧氯丙烷比越大,水的用量,反应温度,反应时间适中时,产率越高,最高产率为40.7%;产物的熔点为2531℃。     

“LOGO”在塑料机械中的应用

把可编程控制器“PLC”中“LOGO”集成块应用于塑料机械中,把可编程序输入到“LOGO”,来表达电器线路对塑料制品的记数和裁刀部分进行自动控制。     

Chemical reactions,thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy — Polycarbonate blends cured with aromatic amines

Bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) has been incorporated into epoxy resin cured with 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulphone (DDS) and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM). IR spectra reveal that transesterification and transamidation occur between the carbonate group of PC and the hydroxyl group of cured epoxy resin for the DDM-cured system, and that only transesterification occurs for the DDS-cured system. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) show no evidence of phase separation in these cured systems, which is an indication of full miscibility between the bisphenol-A monomers and PC-oligomers with the copolymer network. The mechanical strength and glass transition temperature (T_g) fluctuate with PC content, whereas the flexural modulus shows a steadily increasing tendency.     

Core-Shell Structures in ZrO2-Modified BaTiO3 Ceramic

Pure BaTiO₃ exhibits a paraelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition at 130°C. When stoichiometric BaTiO₃ is combined with 10 mol% ZrO₂, the relative permittivity (ε) changes to a broad, relatively insignificant temperature dependence, and the Curie point, T _c , is not sharply defined. However, the transition sharpens at T = 95°C when these samples are sintered for a longer period of 60 h. SEM, EDAX analysis coupled with TEM observation gives three types of core-shell structures of different microstructural characteristics which are related to the diffuse phase transition. Chemical inhomogeneity, due to Zr⁴⁺ distribution in the core-shell structure, is proposed to account for the diffuse phase transition behavior.     

电动螺旋轮胎定型硫化机的研究

介绍了电动螺旋轮胎定型硫化机的结构及原理。分析了对电动螺旋硫化机各项实验所得的数据。总结出该新型硫化机具有运动平稳、对中性好、精度高、结构紧凑、简单可靠、造价低、提高轮胎的硫化质量、便于维护保养等优点，值得推广。     

Phase evolution and thermophysical properties of high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 oxides

Pursuing novel thermal barrier–coating materials with lower thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability can simultaneously improve the working efficiency and service temperature of a gas turbine. In this study, a series of high-entropy RE₂(Y_0.2Yb_0.2Nb_0.2Ta_0.2Ce_0.2)₂O₇ (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, and Er) oxides were prepared though solid-state reaction. Through tuning the rare-earth cations, an order–disorder transition occurs from certain partially ordered weberite structure (C222₁) to disordered defective fluorite structure (Fm$\overline{3}$m). All the high-entropy RE₂(Y_0.2Yb_0.2Nb_0.2Ta_0.2Ce_0.2)₂O₇ oxides possess low thermal conductivity in the range of 0.91–1.34 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at room temperature, which can be attributed to increased lattice anharmonicity and disorder, resulting in additional phonon scattering. Herein, we proved that the incorporation of heterovalent cations at B-sites in high-entropy A₂B₂O₇ crystals is an effective strategy to reduce the thermal conductivity without compromising the decrease of oxygen vacancy. Moreover, the high-entropy RE₂(Y_0.2Yb_0.2Nb_0.2Ta_0.2Ce_0.2)₂O₇ oxides show the relatively higher thermal expansion coefficients of 10.3–10.7 × 10⁻⁶°C⁻¹ and excellent phase stability at elevated temperatures.     

水库滑坡位移与水动力耦合预测参数及其评价方法研究

针对库水涨落诱发滑坡致灾机理,在系统分析水库边坡位移与库水位变化规律及其相互作用关系的基础上,运用弹塑性力学基本原理,提出了以库水位下降引起的边坡下滑动力增量作为边坡的加载动力参数,以相应边坡位移变化量作为边坡位移响应参数,以此确定水库边坡库水动力增载位移响应比参数并建立预测模型。运用动力增载位移响应比预测模型对三峡库区典型水库滑坡-黄土坡滑坡关键部位监测点进行了动力增载位移响应比计算,并采用Geostudio软件对该滑坡稳定性进行了数值模拟分析。该滑坡的位移响应特征与稳定性演化规律表明,该滑坡关键变形部位的动力增载位移响应比参数变化规律与其实际位移与稳定性演化规律基本吻合。研究结果表明了动力增载位移响应比参数是水库滑坡有效的位移动力评价参数,可运用该参数及其评价方法对水库滑坡进行稳定性分析与评价。     

A molecular dynamics simulation study on the crystallization of 22,8-polyurethane

By means of the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, the crystallization mechanism of 22,8-polyurethane which contains hydrogen-bond units is investigated and the results show that the crystallization process at a fixed temperature can be characterized by three stages: (1) The extended chain collapses to a globular random coil; (2) The random coil reorganizes into an ordered lamellar structure; (3) Accompanied with the segments clustering due to the hydrogen-bond formation, the lamellar develops with local defects. Two kinds of hydrogen-bond, which are formed between NH group and CO group (N-H?OC), and between NH group and urethane alkoxy oxygen (N-H?O), respectively, are found to play an important role in the crystallization process of 22,8-polyurethane. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the crystallization is also studied by selecting three temperatures 200, 300 and 400 K. The lower the crystal temperature is, the slower the crystallization rate is and the stronger the hydrogen-bonding interactions are presented. This is in harmony with the experimental results.     

环氧大豆油的生产技术及其在PVC中的应用

介绍了聚氯乙烯增塑荆环氧大豆油的性质和生产原理，提出了国内环氧大豆油工业生产存在的问题；结合国外先进的环氧化技术提出了相应的改进方法，并介绍了所用的催化剂、工艺条件及稳定荆。同时阐述了环氧大豆油的卫生性及加工性。