双轴加载条件下疲劳裂纹扩展的研究

在双轴加载条件下对Ⅰ型疲劳裂纹扩展进行了研究。载荷范围从0.08σ_s到0.71σ_3,包括比例加载和非比例加载。基于对Von Mises理论的讨论,提出一个新的力学参数。双轴加载条件下的弹塑性参数P成功地描述了双轴比例加载和非比例加载下的疲劳裂纹扩展。     

Al原子在非晶合金Fe78Si9B13中的扩散

利用二次离子质谱(SIMS)并结合离子剥落研究了Al原子在非晶Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)合金中的扩散。实验结果表明:在320-380℃温区内,扩散系数D位于2.43×10~(-22)-2.01×10~(-21)m~2s~(-1)之间,且它随温度的变化符合Arrhenius关系,D=D_0 exp(-Q/kT),其中指数前因子D_0=2.02×10~(-12)m~2s~(-1)。扩散激活能Q=1.17eV。     

OBSERVATION ON SPUTTERING SURFACE OF ALLOYS IN GLOW DISCHARGE

Glow discharge cathodic sputtering of alloys containing second phase precipitates or injectedoxide particles has been observed with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and scanningelectron microprobe.It was shown that the formation of cones during the sputtering in thesealloys is due to masking of the matrix by glow sputtering second phase precipitates or oxideparticles.At steady state,the density of cottes were found to be a function of the densities pre-cipitates or oxide particles in bulk alloy.In addition to the changes of local sputtering rate,theelectrostatic effect may play a role on the formation fo cones.     

ON THE COMPOSITION UNIFORMITY AND SHAPE COEFFICIENT OF MOLTEN POOL BY LASER ALLOYING

The effect of the laser processing parameters on the composition uniformity and shapecoefficient of fusion zone with laser surface alloyed Cr plated on medium carbon low alloysteel has been studied.It was found that the composition uniformity depends on the shapecoefficient of fusion zone,and the later is a function of both power density and interactiontime.If the power density is fixed to a certain value,the shape coefficient is directly,propor-tional to the interaction time.A completely,uniform molten pool can be obtained,when theshape coefficient is between 1.6 and 3.0.     

EFFECT OF AGING ON HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STEEL Cr21Ni6Mn9N

Effects of 650℃ aging for 1—1000 h on structure and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility(HES)of steel Cr21Ni6Mn9N have been investigated.The results show that M_(23)C_6 typecarbide precipitates at grain boundaries and Cr-depletive region appears beside them duringaging.The precipitates grow and connect each other as the aging time prolongs.Meanwhile,the degree of Cr-depletion aggravates first and then recovers gradually while the aging time isvery long,i.e.,1000 h.The HES of the steel increases with increasing aging time but does notreduce with the recovery of Cr content at the Cr-depletive region.That implies that the ex-isting of carbides at grain boundaries might be the main reason which promotes the HES ofsteel during aging.     

AN EXPRESSION OF QUANTITATIVE PHASE ANALYSIS BY X-RAY WITHOUT RELATIVE CALIBRATION STANDARD

在一组能满足Zevin法要求的样品中,如果每个样品有一个含量为已知的相,可以导出X射线无标定量相分析新的表达式.已知含量的相可以是用别的方法测定的样品中的一个相,也可以是把一个已知重量的物相人为地混入样品中的外来物相.在新的表达式中,相的重量分数只与每个样品中各相的衍射强度和已知含量相的衍射强度间比值有关.这与Zevin法有所不同.在新的方法中不要求给出各个样品或者各个相的吸收系数,也不要求各个样品都在全同的实验条件下进行实验.但在Zevin法中,这两个条件都必须完全得到满足.实验证明了新方法的可靠性.     

MICROSTRUCTURE STUDY OF CONSTITUENT PHASES IN 2024 SERIES Al ALLOYS

X-ray microanalysis,convergent beam electron diffraction(CBD)and selected area electrondiffraction(SAD)studies on the structures and compositions of the constituent phases in2024 series Al alloys have been conducted.Partial substitution of alloying elements is found tooccur in all the constituent phases,which cause small deviations from the stoichiometric com-positions reported in these ternary compounds.The dominant phase is α-Al_(12)(FeMn)_3Si whichhas a body center cubic crystal structure with the Im■ space group and a=1.25 nm.The nextdominant phase is Cu_2FeAl_7 which has a primitive tetragonal crystal structure with theP4/mnc space group and a=0.6336 nm,c=1.487 nm.The minor phase is α'-Al_(12)Fe_3Si hav-ing α primitive cubic crystal structure with the Pm■ space group and α=1.27 nm.     

GRAIN SHAPE EFFECT IN SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION

The method controlling grain shape in TMT processing and the effect of grain shape on char-acteristic parameters in superplastic deformation were discussed.The accommodation velocityof grahl boundary sliding,which is the dominant mechanism in superplastic deformation,andthe contribution of each mechanism to the total strain,as influenced by grain shape,were ana-lyzed.Grain shape has been shown to be an essential structural factor for superplasticity.Thenan analysis was made about the effect of grain shape on the region transition strain rate sothat a new concept,critical aspect for superplasticity,was worked out.These predictions werecompared with the measured results in an Al-Zn-Mg alloy.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢微晶的耐局部腐蚀性能研究

利用磁控离子溅射技术得到bcc结构的1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢微晶溅射层,在不同溅射条件下可以得到(110)和(211)两种择优取向的微晶。用电化学方法研究表明,这两种微晶的耐局部腐蚀性能都较正常晶粒有明显提高,且(110)择优取向微晶的耐局部腐蚀性能较(211)择优取向微晶的耐局部腐蚀性能更好。     

单晶高温合金定向凝固过程中初生碳化物的上浮现象SCIEI

本文在一种抗热腐蚀单晶镍基高温合金平面及胞状液-固界面定向凝固条件下,发现了初生碳化物(TiC)的上浮现象并分析了其形成原因。