Practical Summer Training in Civil and Construction Engineering for Cultivation of Professional Ability

The cultivation of professional ability for undergraduate civil and construction engineering students is very important to help them meet the challenges that await them in the fast changing world. This paper presents a thorough study of practical training in the field of civil and construction engineering. Based upon an extensive literature review of the practical training curriculum worldwide, questionnaires were provided to contractors, educators and students in Taiwan to assess problems in traditional summer practical training courses for civil and construction engineering in Taiwan. At the outset of the study, it was thought that the lack of available jobs for students might be related solely to the economy but the findings indicated that the reasons were more complex ranging from concerns about liability for students working in construction sites to traditional cultural concerns about whether apprentices should be paid. The Delphi method was used to study the problems that were identified, relating to planning, execution, evaluation, and development of the existing practical training programs. A refined and improved summer practical training curriculum is proposed for civil and construction engineering education in Taiwan based upon the findings. Although the survey related to practical training programs for engineering students was conducted in Taiwan, the results might vary in other countries. The procedures used, and results obtained may be valuable resources and have a potential use for other countries. What is certain is that practical training can play an important role in readying engineering students for the work place in any location and making the practical training as effective and as safe as possible should be a universal goal.     

施工中楼板裂缝原因及防治

通过对楼板裂缝在施工中形成的原因的分析,来阐述施工中楼板裂缝的防治措施。     

提高人造石英石板材质量的方法

经过近几年的快速发展,我国人造石英石板材生产量急增,年产量近千万平方米,而且相当部分出口国外。目前面临的问题是如何提高人造石英石板材的质量,笔者认为可以从以下几方面考虑。     

《十排考》——清末香山盐场社会的文化记忆与权力表达

本文以清末《香山翠微韦氏族谱》所载《十排考》一文为研究对象,考察明清香山盐场的社会变迁,诠释食盐专卖制度下食盐生产与地域社会的互动。明初灶户立籍,香山盐场的盐民获得了合法的社会身份。明代中期以后,伴随着沙田的成长,适宜食盐生产的海水逐渐淡化,导致盐产下降,灶丁逃亡,黄萧养之乱加快了这一过程。香山社会经济格局重新整合。清代以后,香山盐场的盐业生产已经衰落,生产中心转移至三灶。原香山场的族群对市场、宗族、民间信仰、科举等文化和权力资源的操控,揭示出市场与社会文化、地方政治之间的复杂关系。     

强度折减有限元法在抗滑桩加固土坡中的应用

将ABQAQUS软件与强度折减有限元法相结合,对抗滑桩加固的土坡的抗滑桩—边坡系统进行稳定性分析。实例分析表明该法可较准确形象地预测抗滑桩加固土坡前后潜在滑裂面的位置及评价土坡的稳定性,在实际工程中是简便实用的。     

LLDPE装置冷凝态操作的运行分析

介绍齐鲁LLDPE装置冷凝态改扩建后的生产运行情况,指出生产过程中存在的问题及采取的相应措施,取得了满意的效果。     

水溶液中离子的聚合对化学性能的影响

许多阳离子与阴离子在水溶液中发生聚合作用，使溶液中离子存在的状态复杂化，影响显色反应难以如期发生，滴定反应不能按化学计量等。本文对水溶液中离子发生聚合的原因、聚合态的结构，以及水溶液中离子的聚合对化学性能的影响作了较详细的讨论。     

浅析电力系统的安全运行与调度管理

分析了影响电力系统安全运行的因素，提出了调度管理的重要性，进而简要介绍了我国电力系统的调度管理模式，结合电力系统体制改革的新形式和廊坊地区电网的具体事例，强调了坚持统一调度原则的重要性。     

循环水现状分析及建议

循环水的水质直接影响装置水冷器及管路的安全运行，水质超标，对换热器形成腐蚀，造成泄漏，泄漏进一步使水质恶化，恶化的水质再对冷换设备加重腐蚀，形成恶性循环，严重时造成装置停产。建议对回用补充水的水质指标和回用量应加强监控，与此同时定期加大冷却水气对冷却器管束进行冲洗以及对碳钢水冷器采取涂层防护等措施，可减轻循水的危害。     

The peripheral blood levels of TNF alpha and PLA2 activities in dialysis and non-dialysis patients with uremia

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to assess the long-term tolerance of aphakic contact lenses in an elderly male population. METHODS: We conducted a follow-up study of Bausch & Lomb CW 79 aphakic extended wear contact lenses fit since 1982. A total of 109 patients (115 eyes) were identified. Records of 37 patients (43 eyes) were available to determine the course of contact lens wear. RESULTS: Thirty-six eyes were contact lens dropouts. The average time to failure was 22 months. Seventeen eyes from the failure group elected to receive secondary intraocular lenses (IOLs). Seven eyes were still wearing CW 79 contact lenses at the conclusion of the study. The average length of wear in these seven eyes was 91 months. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the CW 79 aphakic extended wear contact lenses were successful in selected cases. However, a high failure rate was found on long-term follow-up, and approximately half of the failure were converted to secondary IOLs.