基于FLUENT的多物理场耦合研究

基于FLUENT的多物理场耦合分析是当前核安全分析的热点问题。本文运用6组缓发中子的点堆动力学模型（PKM）编写了反应堆核功率计算程序，利用外部调用耦合和用户自定义函数（UDF）动态链接库耦合方法分别建立了FLUENT-REALP5耦合分析模型和FLUENT-PKM耦合分析模型，并在单相范围内利用水平分支管道的喷放问题和线性反应性引入的超功率瞬变问题验证了耦合模型的正确性和有效性。本研究的耦合分析方法可以为FLUENT的多物理场核安全分析提供支撑。      

In vivo Kinetic Biodistribution of Nano‐Sized Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived from Bacteria

Evaluation of kinetic distribution and behaviors of nanoparticles in vivo provides crucial clues into their roles in living organisms. Extracellular vesicles are evolutionary conserved nanoparticles, known to play important biological functions in intercellular, inter‐species, and inter‐kingdom communication. In this study, the first kinetic analysis of the biodistribution of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)—bacterial extracellular vesicles—with immune‐modulatory functions is performed. OMVs, injected intraperitoneally, spread to the whole mouse body and accumulate in the liver, lung, spleen, and kidney within 3 h of administration. As an early systemic inflammation response, increased levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 are observed in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, the number of leukocytes and platelets in the blood is decreased. OMVs and cytokine concentrations, as well as body temperature are gradually decreased 6 h after OMV injection, in concomitance with the formation of eye exudates, and of an increase in ICAM‐1 levels in the lung. Following OMV elimination, most of the inflammatory signs are reverted, 12 h post‐injection. However, leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are increased as a late reaction. Taken together, these results suggest that OMVs are effective mediators of long distance communication in vivo.     

不同折流板结构螺旋折流板换热器传热性能的比较(英文)

Numerical simulations were performed on flow and heat transfer performances of heat exchangers having six helical baffles of different baffle shapes and assembly configurations, i.e., two trisection baffle schemes, two quadrant baffle schemes, and two continuous helical baffle schemes. The temperature contour or the pressure contour and velocity contour plots with superimposed velocity vectors on meridian, transverse and unfolded concentric hexagonal slices are presented to obtain a full angular view. For the six helix baffled heat exchangers, the different patterns of the single vortex secondary flow and the shortcut leakage flow were depicted as wel as the heat transfer properties were compared. The results show that the optimum scheme among the six configurations is a circumferential overlap trisection helix baffled heat exchanger with a baffle incline angle of 20° (20°TCO) scheme with an anti-shortcut baffle structure, which exhibits the second highest pressure dropΔpo, the highest overal heat transfer coefficient K, shel-side heat transfer coefficient ho and shel-side average comprehensive index ho/Δpo.     

Metal-polyphenol-network coated CaCO3 as pH-responsive nanocarriers to enable effective intratumoral penetration and reversal of multidrug resistance for augmented cancer treatments

Construction of multifunctional stimuli-responsive nanotherapeutics enabling improved intratumoral penetration of therapeutics and reversal of multiple-drug resistance (MDR) is potent to achieve effective cancer treatment. Herein, we report a general method to synthesize pH-dissociable calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) hollow nanoparticles with amorphous CaCO₃ as the template, gallic acid (GA) as the organic ligand, and ferrous ions as the metallic center via a one-pot coordination reaction. The obtained GA–Fe@CaCO₃ exhibits high loading efficiencies to both oxidized cisplatin prodrug and doxorubicin, yielding drug loaded GA–Fe@CaCO₃ nanotherapeutics featured in pH-responsive size shrinkage, drug release, and Fenton catalytic activity. Compared to nonresponsive GA–Fe@silica nanoparticles prepared with silica nanoparticles as the template, such GA–Fe@CaCO₃ confers significantly improved intratumoral penetration capacity. Moreover, both types of drug-loaded GA–Fe@CaCO₃ nanotherapeutics exhibit synergistic therapeutic efficacies to corresponding MDR cancer cells because of the GA–Fe mediated intracellular oxidative stress amplification that could reduce the efflux of engulfed drugs by impairing the mitochondrial-mediated production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). As a result, it is found that the doxorubicin loaded GA–Fe@CaCO₃ exhibits superior therapeutic effect towards doxorubicin-resistant 4T1 breast tumors via combined chemodynamic and chemo-therapies. This work highlights the preparation of pH-dissociable CaCO₃-based nanotherapeutics to enable effective tumor penetration for enhanced treatment of drug-resistant tumors.

     

基于FCM燃料的商业压水堆中子学分析

全陶瓷微封装(Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated,FCM)燃料是一种将三结构同向性型(Tri-structural isotropic,TRISO)燃料颗粒弥散于SiC基质的先进燃料,具有良好的包容裂变产物的能力,能有效地改善核燃料在严重事故下保持结构完整性的能力,有利于降低核电站发生大量放射性物质泄漏的风险,是耐事故燃料(Accident Tolerant Fuel,ATF)的主要研究方向之一。与传统UO_2陶瓷芯块燃料相比,FCM燃料的U装量较少,且燃料基体采用SiC,慢化能力较好,可能导致FCM燃料应用于商业压水堆时寿期初慢化剂温度系数为正,不能满足堆芯的固有安全性。本文以标准AFA3G 17×17栅格形式的UO_2-Zr合金燃料组件为参照对象,采用中核集团自主研发的NESTOR软件,分析了17×17和13×13两种栅格形式的FCM燃料(UN核芯)组件的中子学特性,评价了由13×13栅格形式的FCM燃料(UN核芯)组成反应堆堆芯的总体物理特性。研究表明:含钆可燃毒物的13×13栅格形式的FCM燃料(UN核芯)组件可满足欠慢化要求,13×13栅格形式的FCM燃料(UN核芯)用于大型商业压水堆堆芯的慢化剂温度系数可以为负,首循环堆芯可达到与参照堆芯接近的燃耗深度与循环长度,能初步满足商业压水堆堆芯的固有安全性和经济性的要求。     

Broad-Spectral-Range Sustainability and Controllable Excitation of Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in α-MoO3

Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in orthorhombic-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO₃) show in-plane hyperbolicity, great wavelength compression, and ultralong lifetime, therefore holding great potential in nanophotonic applications. However, its polaritonic response in the far-infrared (FIR) range remains unexplored due to challenges in experimental characterization. Here, monochromated electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is used to probe HPhPs in α-MoO₃ in both mid-infrared (MIR) and FIR frequencies and correlate their behaviors with microstructures and orientations. It is found that low structural symmetry leads to various phonon modes and multiple Reststrahlen bands (RBs) over a broad spectral range (over 70 meV) and in different directions (55–63 meV and 119–125 meV along the b-axis, 68–106 meV along the c-axis, and 101–121 meV along the a-axis). These HPhPs can be selectively excited by controlling the direction of swift electrons. These findings provide new opportunities in nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications, such as directed light propagation, hyperlenses, and heat transfer.     

盐酸氨溴索有关物质的合成

为控制盐酸氨溴索质量,以外购的有关物质E(2-氨基-3,5-二溴苯甲醛)为起始原料,合成了4个有关物质:2-氨基-3,5-二溴苯甲醇(有关物质A)、反式-4-(6,8-二溴-1,4-二氢喹唑啉-3(2H)-基)环己醇(有关物质B)、反式-4-[[(E)-2-氨基-3,5-二溴苯亚甲基]氨基]环己醇(有关物质C)和顺式-4-[(2-氨基-3,5-二溴苯甲基)氨基]环己醇(有关物质D),通过~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和MS对产物结构进行了确证,并优化了醛胺缩合和还原反应条件。合成的这4个有关物质可作为盐酸氨溴索质量控制的杂质对照品。     

13％甲维盐·二卤代吡唑酰胺微乳剂的制备

为制备高效药剂13%甲维盐·二卤代吡唑酰胺微乳剂,对配方中的溶剂、防冻剂、乳化剂和水质进行研究,最终确定13%甲维盐·二卤代吡唑酰胺微乳剂最优配方为:8%的甲维盐,5%的二卤代吡唑酰胺,10%的N-甲基吡咯烷酮,15%的碳酸二甲酯及22%的乳化剂800号,自来水补足100%.通过最优配方所制备的甲维盐·二卤代吡唑酰胺微乳剂各项性能良好,符合标准要求.室内毒力实验表明,药剂杀小菜蛾的高峰时间为第2 d前后,并且对其有显著的防治效果.13%甲维盐·二卤代吡唑酰胺微乳剂应用鳞翅目蔬菜害虫防治,具有良好的药效和应用前景.     

施工中电焊机的安全使用简述

从电焊机自身电气特点及建筑工地工作环境入手,探讨电焊机安全技术的实施方法。分析电焊机安全隐患及事故的分类以及电焊机在使用过程中产生危险的原因。介绍电焊机在安装以及作业过程中的安全措施。     

安徽省河长制决策支持系统建设与应用

针对河湖长制相关数据分散在多个部门及部门之间、省市县之间,数据互联互通和共建共享不够充分等问题,结合河湖管理保护实际,充分整合涉河湖保护相关数据,最大程度地共享现有数据资料和软硬件资源,系统建设严格遵循全国河长制系统建设指导方案,围绕决策支持的主题思想,总体框架采用“5+N”模式,满足河湖长制工作和河长湖长履职尽责需求,强化基础资料整编、实化系统功能、优化系统界面,充分分析建设难点及解决办法、存在不足及意见建议,系统的建成推动河湖长制工作规范化、促进河湖管理协同工作的高效化、实现执法监督工作的实时化,提升河湖管理保护信息化水平,为河湖长制信息化建设提供参考。