干式空心电抗器匝间电弧性短路故障特征提取及诊断方法研究

针对干式空心电抗器早期匝间短路故障,通过分析电抗器匝间电弧性短路过程中的状态参数变化规律,提出了基于时变参数模型的电抗器故障特征提取及诊断方法。首先建立了基于Mayr电弧模型的电抗器匝间短路故障的时变电路模型,并利用傅里叶变换分析了故障电抗器等效电感的频谱特性,发现其等效电感不再恒定而是存在周期性振荡。然后利用时变电路状态方程求解方法,分析在工频激励下故障电抗器输出电流的转移解、零状态响应及频谱特性,证明在匝间电弧的周期性短路过程中,故障电抗器输出电流中将激发出特定次数的谐波分量,分析电流谐波特性可对干式空心电抗器匝间短路故障进行诊断。通过对一起电抗器故障的电流互感器（CT）和电压互感器（PT）录波数据进行求解和分析,验证了本文提出的故障特征提取及诊断方法的可行性和有效性。     

烟气喷淋脱碳数值模拟及其特性分析

针对烟气喷淋脱碳,采用欧拉-拉格朗日法建立了耦合气液流动、热质传递及化学反应的三维数值模型,并基于热力一致性简化模型中的热力学表达,以降低计算成本。模型验证表明,预测结果与实验结果吻合良好。基于该模型考察了塔内气液流动、热质传递及CO2吸收等特性。结果表明:喷淋方式对塔内气液分布、温度分布及CO2吸收有重要影响;向下喷淋将卷吸喷嘴周围烟气沿塔中部向下流动,与新入烟气存在强烈的掺混行为,并造成液滴在塔中部集聚;气液温度分布及H2O气相体积分数分布有较高的关联性,汽化潜热占热交换总量的64%;传质阻力集中在液侧,比气侧高2个数量级;通过改变喷淋方向可以减小液滴分布不均匀性,将脱碳效率从38.3%提升至49.6%。     

新能源-质子交换膜电解槽电制氢容量双层规划模型研究

新能源电制氢是实现“2060碳中和”的关键技术之一。然而,新能源出力具有随机性,且制氢关键设备——质子交换膜（PEM）电解槽投资成本与运行成本高,因此如何为出力功率随机的新能源电站配置兼顾新能源弃电率与制氢系统经济性的PEM制氢系统具有重要意义。以风电制氢为例,首先提出随机波动输入下PEM电制氢系统全寿命周期的成本与收入模型,并以总收入、投资回收期与内部收益率为评估指标支撑系统的经济分析;基于此,针对“风电+PEM电制氢”系统,提出3种双层规划模型,上层模型分别以PEM电制氢系统全寿命周期总成本最小、总收入最大与内部收益率最大作为上层优化模型的目标函数,下层的优化目标为风电场的弃电率最小,并采用MATLAB遗传算法工具箱求解优化模型;最后,以某实际风力发电场为例,验证所提双层规划模型与风电制氢的有效性与经济可行性。     

SCAL型间接空冷系统循环水中溶氧量变化规律及其对pH值间接影响

表面式换热器铝制散热器（SCAL）型间接空冷（间冷）机组已经成为解决我国北方富煤贫水地区发电的有效措施,该机组SCAL型间冷系统稳定运行过程中常出现循环水pH值异常升高的现象。由于系统内散热器采用铝材质,pH值异常升高会破坏铝管表面氧化膜,导致散热器腐蚀甚至泄漏,因此循环水pH值异常升高是该系统运行的难题。通过对SCAL型间冷系统结构的分析、水质调研,分析了系统中的动态变量,通过理论计算和工业试验验证对该问题进行了深入研究。结果表明:SCAL型间冷系统在运行期间基本处于密闭状态,外界氧气难以扩散进入,系统循环水中溶解氧的来源为系统运行前除盐水中溶解的氧气;碳钢的腐蚀反应是系统中溶解氧主要的消耗方式;溶氧量变化改变了碳钢腐蚀产物的类型,当系统中溶氧量较低时,碳钢腐蚀生成的Fe(OH)2具有较大的溶度积,能够导致循环水pH值升高。     

旁路蒸发塔氯离子迁移模型及固态蒸发产物利用探讨

目前,国家鼓励采用烟气蒸发技术处理燃煤电厂脱硫废水以实现废水零排放。旁路蒸发塔工艺使用300 ℃以上热烟气干燥废水,废水中含有较高浓度的Cl–,蒸发过程中一部分Cl–生成氯化氢进入气相,剩余Cl–与其他离子形成结晶盐即固态蒸发产物,其与粉煤灰混合可能会导致Cl–超标,影响粉煤灰的综合利用。使用状态方程法计算Cl–气固相间分配量,建立蒸发塔的Cl–迁移模型。结合某电厂实际数据,利用模型计算出固态蒸发产物的含氯量,结果表明:固态蒸发产物不属于危险废物,但含氯量较高,会对利用固态蒸发产物生产建材产品产生影响,推荐使用高温陶瓷过滤器或小型电除尘器单独收集固态蒸发产物,并可将收集的固态蒸发产物应用于生产混凝土、免烧结砖,或矿井、公路路基、台背等回填工程中。     

EFFECTS OF SPECIFIED BLANK SIZE ON BODY WRINKLING DURING HYDRODYNAMIC DEEP DRAWING OF TAPERED RECTANGULAR BOX

1.~nonHydridapawhcdeepdrawing(HDD)belongstothefieldofsheetmetalfoeingandcanbeaPPliedinthefieldofautomotive,aerospace,drilitaryindustryetc.Ithasbeenrecognizedwidelyintheworld["'j.Fig.Ishowsitsprinciple:TheliqUidthatisfilledinthe~ngdiecavitywillbepressedwhenthepunchgoesdownsothattheeffectoffrictionkeepingandoverflowlubricatingcanbeformed,astherestilt,thefoeinglicitofsheetmetalwillbeimprovedareailvandthegualitVofthefinishedpartswillbeup~ed.BecauseofmanyadvantagesofHDDprocees,ithasbeenwidelys…     

Advances in the research of nitrogen containing stainless steels

The current status of nitrogen containing stainless steels at home and aboard has been introduced. The function and existing forms of nitrogen in the stainless steels, influence of nitrogen on mechanical properties and anti-corrosion properties as well as the application of nitrogen containing cast stainless steels were discussed in this paper. It is clear that nitrogen will be a potential and important alloying element in stainless steels. And Argon Oxygen Decarbonization (AOD) refining can provide an advanced manufacture process for nitrogen containing stainless steels with ultra-low- carbon and high cleanliness.     

4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-1,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode for trace Cu(Ⅱ) determination by differential pulse volt-ammetry

A differential pulse voltammetric method was developed for the sensitive and selective determination of Cu(Ⅱ) at 4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-l,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode in 0.05 mol/L KHC8H4O4 solution (pH = 4.02). The oxidation peak of Cu(Ⅱ) was observed at 0.065 V(vs Ag/AgCl) by scanning the potential in positive direc-tion. The analysis procedure consisted of an open circuit accumulation step in stirred sample solution. It was followed by medium exchange to a clean solution and subsequently an anodic potential scan was affected to obtain the voltammetric peak. The current was proportional to the concentration of the Cu(Ⅱ) ion in a range of 1× 10-7-1×10-4 mol/L for 6 min accumulation; the most of metal ions did not interfere with the determination. The developed method was applied to Cu(Ⅱ) determination in coal-ash sample, the results agreed with that of atomic adsorption spectroscopy(AAS).     

Efective Object Identification and Association by Varying Coverage Through RFID Power Control简

This paper presents an effective power scheduling strategy for energy efficient multiple objects identification and association. The proposed method can be utilized in many heterogeneous surveillance systems with visual sensors and RFID （radio-frequency identification） readers where energy efficiency as well as association rate are critical Multiple objects positions and trajectory estimates are used to decide the power level of RFID readers. Several key parameters including the time windows and the distance separations are defined in the method in order to minimize the effects of RFID coverage uncertainty. The power cost model is defined and incorporated into the method to minimize energy consumption and to maximize association performance. The proposed method computes the power cost using the range of the outermost position for possible single association and group associations at every sampling time. An RFID reader is activated with the proper coverage range when the power cost for the current time is lower than the power cost for the next time sample. The simplicity of the power cost model relieves the problematic combinatorial comparisons in multiple object cases. The performance comparison simulation with the minimum and maximum energy consumption shows that the proposed method achieves fast single associations with less energy consumption. Finally, the realistic comparison simulation with the fixed range RFID readers demonstrates that the proposed method outperforms the fixed ranges in terms of single association rate and energy consumption.     

Water modeling of molten steel flow in a multi-strand tundish with gas blowing

Fluid flow characteristics in a four-strand tundish with gas blowing were studied by water modeling experiments.It is found that gas blowing can greatly improve the flow characteristics in the tundish with a turbulence inhibitor.It dramatically increases the peak concentration time,and greatly decreases the dead volume,and reduces the minimum residence time.The gas blowing location,gas flow rate,and porous plug area greatly influence the flow characteristics in the tundish;the gas blowing location near t...