制备金属铪的新进展

金属铪在核能、航天以及军工领域有着得天独厚的优势,国内外对于金属铪的研究正如火如荼的进行。锆铪相伴而生,本文介绍了锆铪的火法和湿法分离,综述了金属热还原法和熔盐电脱氧法制备金属铪通过熔盐电解法、碘化精练法、电子束熔炼法精炼金属铪,就各种方法的优缺点和绿色生产的需求来看,新型熔盐电脱氧法和联合精炼法是值得发展和探究的方向。     

An approach to measure infill matric suction of irregular infilled rock joints under constant normal stiffness shearing

Rock joints infilled with sediments can strongly influence the strength of rock mass. As infilled joints often exist under unsaturated condition, this study investigated the influence of matric suction of infill on the overall joint shear strength. A novel technique that allows direct measurement of matric suction of infill using high capacity tensiometers (HCTs) during direct shear of infilled joints under constant normal stiffness (CNS) is described. The CNS apparatus was modified to accommodate the HCT and the procedure is explained in detail. Joint specimens were simulated by gypsum plaster using three-dimensional (3D) printed surface moulds, and filled with kaolin and sand mixture prepared at different water contents. Shear behaviours of both planar infilled joints and rough joints having joint roughness coefficients (JRCs) of 8–10 and 18–20 with the ratios of infill thickness to asperity height (t/a) equal to 0.5 were investigated. Matric suction shows predominantly unimodal behaviour during shearing of both planar and rough joints, which is closely associated with the variation of unloading rate and volumetric changes of the infill material. As expected, two-peak behaviour was observed for the rough joints and both peaks increased with the increase of infill matric suction. The results suggest that the contribution of matric suction of infill on the joint peak normalised shear stress is relatively independent of the joint roughness.     

焙烧铁尾矿制备透水砖试验研究

为了改善尾矿制砖的力学性质，解决尾矿堆积问题，采用焙烧铁尾矿、水泥和粉煤灰为胶凝材料，2.36~4.75 mm粒级铁尾矿为粗骨料，通过搅拌、成型和养护工艺制备透水砖，探究了焙烧铁尾矿用量、水胶比、目标孔隙率和振动时间对透水砖性能的影响，对比未焙烧尾矿制备透水砖的性能。结果表明：① 焙烧尾矿制备透水砖最佳试验条件为：焙烧尾矿掺量60%，振动时间40 s、水胶比0.3，目标孔隙率20%；此时，透水砖抗折强度为3.34 MPa，符合国家标准Rf3.0，抗压强度为15.44 MPa，符合国家标准MU15，透水系数为2.58×10-2 cm/s，符合国家标准A级标准，实测孔隙率为23.41%。② 焙烧尾矿掺量为60%时效果最佳；未焙烧尾矿掺量为50%时效果最佳，抗折、抗压强度分别为3.38 MPa和14.54 MPa，透水系数符合国家A级标准；焙烧尾矿比未焙烧尾矿多替代水泥10%的情况下，力学性能焙烧尾矿透水砖较好，而透水性能则未焙烧尾矿透水砖较好。     

Fine-tuned,molecular-composite,organosilica membranes for highly efficient propylene/propane separation via suitable pore size

Fine-tuned, molecular-composite, organosilica membranes were fabricated via the co-condensation of organosilica precursors bis(triethoxysilyl)acetylene (BTESA) and bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene (BTESB). Fourier transform infrared and UV–vis spectra confirmed the co-condensation behaviors of BTESA and BTESB. The evolution of the network structure indicated that the incorporated BTESB decreased the membrane pore size, which was determined by a modified gas translation model according to the steric effect of the phenyl groups. The incorporation of BTESB to BTESA finely tuned the membrane structure and endowed the resultant composite membrane with improved separation properties. The BTESAB 9:1 membrane (molar ratio of BTESA/BTESB was 9:1) exhibited high C₃H₆ permeance at 4.5 × 10⁻⁸ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹ and a C₃H₆/C₃H₈ permeance ratio of 33 at 50°C. One of the most important developments of this study involved clearly defining the relationship between membrane pore size and C₃H₆/C₃H₈ separation performance for organosilica membranes in single and binary separation systems.     

某含锌锡多金属硫化矿石锌浮选试验研究

某含锌锡多金属硫化矿石Zn、Sn、Fe、S含量分别为6.04%、1.05%、29.33%、19.08%，锌主要以铁闪锌矿、闪锌矿的形式存在，锡主要以锡石的形式存在，铁主要以黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等形式存在，其中的金属矿物共生关系密切，相互包裹现象普遍。为确保不影响后续选锡，对锌浮选流程进行了试验研究。结果表明：矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占80%的情况下，采用预先脱硫—锌硫混浮再分离流程处理，在选择硫酸铜为锌矿物活化剂、丁基黄药为捕收剂、松醇油为起泡剂、石灰为黄铁矿抑制剂的情况下，经1段脱硫、2粗1扫锌硫混浮、1粗2精锌硫分离，锌硫分离精选尾矿与锌硫混浮扫选精矿2次精选后锌硫分离，最终获得锌精矿Zn品位47.06%、回收率90.76%，试验指标良好。     

含钒废弃物中钒的回收研究现状及展望

金属钒具备一系列优越性质,在许多领域有着广泛的应用。综述了从含钒钢渣、提钒尾渣、失活催化剂以及钒电池失效电解液等含钒废弃物中回收钒的方法,主要阐述了各种方法的原理、优缺点及发展趋势,介绍了回收钒的新工艺并指出提钒工艺的未来发展方向。     

Mixed-Metal MOF-74 Templated Catalysts for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture and Methanation

The vast chemical and structural tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are beginning to be harnessed as functional supports for catalytic nanoparticles spanning a range of applications. However, a lack of straightforward methods for producing nanoparticle-encapsulated MOFs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts limits their usage. Herein, a mixed-metal MOF, NiMg-MOF-74, is utilized as a template to disperse small Ni nanoclusters throughout the parent MOF. By exploiting the difference in Ni O and Mg O coordination bond strength, Ni²⁺ is selectively reduced to form highly dispersed Ni nanoclusters constrained by the parent MOF pore diameter, while Mg²⁺ remains coordinated in the framework. By varying the ratio of Ni to Mg in the parent MOF, accessible surface area and crystallinity can be tuned upon thermal treatment, influencing CO₂ adsorption capacity and hydrogenation selectivity. The resulting Ni nanoclusters prove to be an active catalyst for CO₂ methanation and are examined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By preserving a segment of the Mg²⁺-containing MOF framework, the composite system retains a portion of its CO₂ adsorption capacity while continuing to deliver catalytic activity. The approach is thus critical for designing materials that can bridge the gap between carbon capture and CO₂ utilization.     

某铜冶炼渣选矿厂SAB流程磨机衬板与钢球优化实践*

目前大多数铜冶炼渣选矿厂采用半自磨机—球磨机流程（SAB流程）进行粉磨作业，由于铜冶炼渣硬度大、性脆、易碎难磨，磨机衬板及磨矿介质消耗较大。针对某铜冶炼渣选矿厂开展了SAB流程衬板和钢球的优化研究。结果表明：①半自磨机用压条型铬钼钢衬板替代整体式锰钢衬板，使用寿命提高106.67%；球磨机用橡胶衬板替代锰钢衬板，使用寿命提高30%以上；检修强度大幅度降低，设备运转率明显提高。②半自磨机和球磨机由添加铸造钢球变更为锻造钢球，失圆率大幅降低；半自磨机补加球球径由120 mm调整为140 mm，增强了冲击破碎效果；球磨机补加钢球球径由60 mm调整为50 mm，磨矿浓度从75%提高到80%，研磨效果得到改善。③在磨矿细度保持不变的情况下，系统台时处理能力提高15.55%，钢球消耗降低26.32%，电力单耗降低26.67%，单位磨矿成本降低29.07%。企业经济效益和社会效益得到显著提高，对同行业具有一定的参考价值。     

面向过程装备工程师培养的O2O课程体系构建

过程装备与控制工程专业的人才培养方案及课程体系可以划分为线上和线下两块。线上课程侧重于新知识传授,有助于学生开阔眼界,活跃思维,启迪智慧;线下课程侧重于基本知识传授,有助于学生夯实专业基础,培养专业素养,锻炼工程技能。研究线上和线下课程的主辅关系及交互模式,形成具有鲜明流程工业装备特征的“线上+线下”一体化课程群,建立培养效果(达成度)的评价方法与持续改进机制,有利于培养掌握综合知识、善于设计计算、了解制造检验的优秀过程装备工程师。     

地表移动带范围内建构筑物安全可靠性分析

地表建构筑物位于在生产矿山地表开采移动范围内，如果按照一般圈定地表移动范围原则判断建构筑物的安全可靠性，结果是不安全或者预留保安矿柱可保证安全。为分析地表移动带范围内建构筑物安全可靠性，采用FLAC3D软件建立数值模拟模型，对矿区地表移动进行分析研究，并结合建构筑物的破坏等级评判标准，可以更加合理地判断地表移动范围内建构筑物的安全可靠性，对存在相似条件的矿山具有一定的借鉴意义。