南方某城镇污水处理厂春季运行期间应对原水氮浓度超高的方法

南方某城镇污水处理厂结合在线监测和理化分析数据,准确判定原水氮浓度超高,采取增大曝气量、增加碳源投加量、减少进水量的应对措施,确保出水水质在短期内恢复正常水平,达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准,且稳定运行。     

饮用水中天然有机物的分析与表征方法

天然有机物(NOM)是一类分布广泛、成分复杂的有机混合物,可严重影响饮用水的处理效率,并可能对出水水质产生严重的不利影响。因此,为了改进和优化饮用水的处理过程,在研究和实际应用阶段对NOM进行表征和定量以了解其结构特性和反应性具有重要意义。文中先对NOM的富集方法进行了介绍,接着梳理了不同分离方法的依据及作用,最后总结了各类表征方法的原理及应用,以期有助于对NOM和饮用水处理的深入研究。     

基于SSA-ELM的短期风电功率预测

准确的风电功率预测可以有效地保证电力系统的安全运行,进而影响电网的电力调度,所以高精度的预测方法变得至关重要。针对极限学习机（ELM）随机产生输入权值和阈值导致回归模型不稳定性与预测结果不准确性,以及风电波动性和间歇性等问题,提出一种基于麻雀算法（SSA）优化极限学习机的组合预测模型（SSA-ELM）。利用收敛速度快、精度高、稳定性好的SSA对ELM的权值和阈值进行寻优,实现了对风电功率的精确预测。仿真结果表明,所提出的SSA-ELM模型的预测精度较高、泛化能力强,能够为风电的功率预测及并网安全的稳定运行提供决策支持。     

基于IFCM的共址接地极带电作业安全问题研究

针对共址接地极线路特殊运行工况及过电压分布特点,提出一种基于改进模糊C均值聚类（IFCM）的带电作业安全评估方法。首先通过建模并仿真计算获取共址接地极线路特殊运行工况下的过电压分布,确定了最大操作过电压;然后通过建立共址接地极放电试验模型开展冲击放电试验,利用改进的模糊 C 均值聚类对典型间隙的试验结果进行聚类,以达到获取各间隙放电电压U50的目的;最后通过绝缘配合方法确定共址接地极带电作业安全间隙距离,并结合实际工程进行安全性分析验证。所提出的研究方法和结论可为共址接地极线路带电作业的安全开展提供参考。     

基于改进U-net和CNN的绝缘子自爆检测方法研究

针对绝缘子自爆故障人工检测效率低,成本高的问题,基于改进U-net和卷积神经网络（CNN）模型,提出一种可有效识别绝缘子自爆故障的双阶段目标检测算法。首先,在语义分割阶段使用改进U-net模型,通过翻倍提高图像分辨率的方法有效提高图像分割精度。其次,在图像分类阶段提出更适合所提问题且有效提高分类准确度的新型CNN模型。最后,使用无人机拍摄的绝缘子图片为实验数据进行实验。实验结果表明所提算法识别精度较高。     

PVC生产中次氯酸钠废水回用于烧碱一次盐水

介绍了乙炔清净次氯酸钠废水回用于烧碱一次盐水的原理、工艺流程;分析了系统运行过程中存在的问题,并提出了解决办法.系统运行稳定,次氯酸钠废水全部回收利用,以昊华宇航化工股份有限责任公司PVC生产能力40万t/a计,减少外排水产生的效益约89.6万元/a.     

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) modifier to develop bimodal cell structure in polypropylene/TPU microcellular foam in presence of supercritical CO2

Currently, the fabrication of microcell and bimodal cell structures (BCS) in polymer foams by using supercritical fluids has become a hot as well as a challenging research area worldwide. In this work, an environmentally friendly, effective, facile, and CO₂-based foaming technique was presented to fabricate microcellular polypropylene (PP) foams with BCS via blending with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The toughness, thermal properties, rheological properties, and foamability of PP were systematically investigated with gradual incorporation of TPU. Representative sea-island structure was observed in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for the fracture surface of various PP/TPU samples. Rheological measurement results demonstrated that the viscoelasticity of various PP/TPU samples was improved remarkably compared with that of pure PP and pure TPU. The impact strength of various PP/TPU samples possessed the highest value as 12.4 kJ/m² with the TPU content of 15 wt%. After the addition of TPU, an ameliorative cellular morphology was observed in the SEM micrographs of various PP/TPU samples and their volume expansion ratio was enhanced significantly thanks to their improved melt elasticity. Moreover, it is worth noting that BCS appeared in various PP/TPU foams when the TPU content exceeded 5 wt%.     

OsMre11 Is Required for Mitosis during Rice Growth and Development

Meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) is a relatively conserved nuclease in various species. Mre11 plays important roles in meiosis and DNA damage repair in yeast, humans and Arabidopsis, but little research has been done on mitotic DNA replication and repair in rice. Here, it was found that Mre11 was an extensively expressed gene among the various tissues and organs of rice, and loss-of-function of Mre11 resulted in severe defects of vegetative and reproductive growth, including dwarf plants, abnormally developed male and female gametes, and completely abortive seeds. The decreased number of cells in the apical meristem and the appearance of chromosomal fragments and bridges during the mitotic cell cycle in rice mre11 mutant roots revealed an essential role of OsMre11. Further research showed that DNA replication was suppressed, and a large number of DNA strand breaks occurred during the mitotic cell cycle of rice mre11 mutants. The expression of OsMre11 was up-regulated with the treatment of hydroxyurea and methyl methanesulfonate. Moreover, OsMre11 could form a complex with OsRad50 and OsNbs1, and they might function together in non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These results indicated that OsMre11 plays vital roles in DNA replication and damage repair of the mitotic cell cycle, which ensure the development and fertility of rice by maintaining genome stability.     

Adsorption characteristics of hexadecyl ammonium with different numbers of carbon chains in montmorillonite and the structure of the prepared composites

Journal of Porous Materials - The dynamics and thermodynamics of adsorption of hexadecyl ammonium with different numbers of carbon chains in montmorillonite (Mt) with different layer charge density...     

大段长高压电缆护层保护器暂态特性分析与参数优化设计

大段长高压电缆在运行时会产生过高的护层感应电压,这对电缆护层保护器的过电压防护特性提出了更高要求,因此需要针对大段长电缆护层保护器暂态特性进行分析研究。基于PSCAD仿真软件,建立了典型220 kV高压电缆线路仿真模型,得出了在短路过电压和雷击过电压情况下,高压电缆长度对护层感应电压暂态特性的影响。通过绝缘配合与能量保护相结合的方式,得到了保护器参数取值范围及电缆线路短路电流与长度的适配曲线,提出了护层保护器参数优化设计的具体方法,并进行了试验测试。测试结果表明:当电缆线路出现短路故障时,随着电缆长度的增加,护层感应电压先线性增长,随后在保护器残压阈值的限制作用下逐渐趋于"饱和"状态,现有保护器能量吸收能力难以满足大段长电缆需求;改进后的护层保护器能量吸收能力显著提升,20 k A短路电流时允许的电缆长度大幅提高,满足大段长高压电缆线路安全运行的要求。