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11.
Mercer Kelly E.; Ahn Christina E.; Coke Amanda; Compadre Cesar M.; Drake Richard R. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》2002,15(11):903-911
Understanding the functional and mechanistic properties of themulti-substrate herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase(HSV-1 TK) remains critical to defining its role as a majorpharmacological target in herpesvirus and gene therapies forcancer. An inherent limitation of the activity of HSV-TK isthe >70-fold difference in the Kms for phosphorylation ofthymidine over the pro-drug ganciclovir (GCV). To engineer anHSV-1 TK isoform that is specific for GCV as the preferred substrate,16 site-specific mutants were generated. The mutations wereconcentrated at conserved residues involved in nucleoside basebinding, Gln125 and near sites 3 and 4 involved in catalysisand substrate binding. The substrate preferences of each mutantenzyme were compared with wild-type HSV-1 TK. One mutant, termedQ7530 TK, had a lower Km for GCV than thymidine. Expressionof the Q7530 TK in tumor cells indicated comparable metabolismto and improved sensitivity to GCV over wild-type HSV-1 TK,with minimal thymidine phosphorylation activity. A molecularmodeling simulation of the different HSV-1 TK active-sites wasdone for GCV and thymidine binding. It was concluded that mutationsat Gln125 and near site 4, especially at Ala168, were responsiblefor loss of deoxypyrimidine substrate binding. 相似文献
12.
Maria T. M. Bizarria André L. F. de M. Giraldi Cesar M. de Carvalho Jose I. Velasco Marcos A. d'Ávila Lucia H. I. Mei 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2007,104(3):1839-1844
Recycled PET/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation process with several amounts (1, 3, and 5 wt %) of clay modified with quaternary ammonium salt (DELLITE 67G) dispersed in a recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) matrix. The resultant mechanical properties (modulus and yield strength) of the nanocomposites were found to be different from those of rPET. Wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) measurements have shown that although complete exfoliation was not achieved, delaminated clay platelets could be observed. Thermal analysis did not show significant changes in the thermal properties from those of recycled PET. Mechanical testing showed that nanocomposite properties were superior to the recycled PET in terms of strength and elasticity modulus. This improvement was attributed to nanoscale effects and strong interaction between the rPET matrix and the clay interface, as revealed by WAXS and TEM. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1839–1844, 2007 相似文献
13.
Julio Cesar dos Reis Rodrigo Bonacin M. Cecília C. Baranauskas 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2014,13(2):125-145
Social network services (SNSs) have brought new possibilities and challenges to the design of software environments that respect people’s cultural differences. These systems may represent an opportunity for social and digital inclusion. However, search mechanisms in these systems impose serious barriers for people in the process of acquiring digital literacy. One of the barriers is the difficulty of using the adequate terms/keywords to perform content searches. This paper presents an approach to allow ordinary, non-technology proficient people to access the content of a network through the use of search parameters that make sense to them. The proposal is grounded on Semantic Web technologies (Web ontology) combined with Organizational Semiotics concepts and methods to identify the users’ profile and language. A case study was conducted with the search mechanism integrated into a SNS, and a preliminary evaluation reveals the advantages and drawbacks of the approach. 相似文献
14.
Raul C. Maranhão Thais B. Cesar Suzana R. Pedroso-Mariani Mario H. Hirata Carlos H. Mesquita 《Lipids》1993,28(8):691-696
A protein-free microemulsion (LDE) with a lipid composition resembling that of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was used in metabolic
studies in rats to compare LDE with the native lipoprotein. LDE labeled with radioactive lipids was injected into the bloodstream
of male Wistar rats, and plasma kinetics of the labeled lipids were followed on plasma samples collected at regular intervals
for 12 h after injection. The 24-h LDE uptake by different tissues was also measured in tissue samples excised after the animals
had been sacrificed. We found that LDE plasma kinetics were similar to those described for native LDL [fractional clearance
rate (FCR) of cholesteryl ester, 0.42±0.11 h−1]. The major site for LDE uptake was the liver, and the tissue distribution of the LDE injected radioactivity was as one would
expect for LDL. To test whether LDE was taken up by the specific LDL receptors, the LDE emulsion was injected into rats treated
with 17α-ethinylestradiol, which is known to increase the activity of these receptors; as expected, removal of LDE from the
bloodstream increased (FCR=0.90±0.35 h−1). On the other hand, saturation of the receptors that remove remnants by prior infusion of massive amounts of lymph chylomicrons
did not change LDE plasma kinetics. These results indicate that LDE is cleared from plasma by B,E receptors and not by the
E receptors that remove remnants. Incorporation of free cholesterol into LDE increased LDE plasma clearance. Incubation studies
also showed that LDE incorporates a variety of apolipoproteins, including apo E, a ligand for recognition of lipoproteins
by specific receptors. Our data suggest that LDE can be a useful tool to test LDL metabolism and B,E receptor function. 相似文献
15.
Fernanda Fabbri Gondim Lucas Galhardo Pimenta Tienne Barbara de Salles Macena da Cruz Erica Gervasoni Chaves Augusto Cesar de Carvalho Peres Maria de Fatima Vieira Marques 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(14):50157
In this work, PVDF composites containing 0.2% (m/m) of carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), PVDF with 5.0% (m/m) of zinc oxide (ZnO), and composites containing both particles in the same contents in the matrix were melt processed in a mini-extruder machine with double screws, using the counter-rotation mode. Composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA), and contact angle tests (CA). The samples presented the predominance of the α phase, with an increased degree of crystallinity as well as an increase in dimensional stability by incorporating both fillers, showing a synergistic effect between these particles, as shown on FTIR, DSC, and XRD results. SEM images showed a good dispersion of high aspect ratio particles. In general, DMA and TGA analysis showed that composites had not decreased their thermal and mechanical performance when compared to neat PVDF. Results of CA analysis showed an increase in the hydrophobicity of the sample containing MWCNTs. Permeability tests were also performed using a differential pressure system, combining high temperature and pressure, obtaining permeability measures and time lag. This work presents an alternative of composite materials, suggesting its application in the internal pressure sheath layers of oil and gas flexible pipes. 相似文献
16.
Gualberto Antonio Zumbardo-Bacelis Linnette Aracely Meza-Villegas Cesar Antonio Pérez-Aranda Rossana Vargas-Coronado Omar Castillo-Cruz Vanessa Montaño-Machado Diego Mantovani Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(42):51247
Polymer blends based on Tecoflex™ and an experimental aliphatic polyurethane (HMDI-PCL-arginine stands for 4,4 (metylene-biscyclohexyl) isocyanate - poly (ε caprolactone) diol, SPUUR stands for segmented poly(urea)urethanes using amino acid of L-Arginine as chain extender) were obtained by solvent casting, and further studied by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their biological performances were assessed in terms of hemocompatibility and Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cytotoxicity. Tensile properties of dumbbell specimens were compared to longitudinal and circumferential tensile properties of tubular vascular graft. FTIR showed that as the SPUUR content increased in the blend, absorptions at 2860 cm−1 increased, carbonyl absorptions at 1724 cm−1 broaden and the small peak at 2796 cm−1, typical of Tecoflex™ disappeared. Raman spectroscopy showed that the low intensity carbonyl absorption at 1724 cm−1 also increased with SPUUR content. DSC allowed detection of PCL soft segment melting (Tm = 50°C) in agreement with X-ray reflections at 21.3° and 23.6°, assigned to SPUUR. However, no improvements in thermal stability were detected by TGA by blending. The addition of SPUUR to Tecoflex™ improved hemocompatibility and HUVEC cytotoxicity. The vascular grafts performance showed that 40% SPUUR blends exhibited the highest force in the longitudinal test whereas 50% SPUUR blends showed the highest circumferential force. Pressure burst strength was higher than 1000 mmHg for all blends. Overall, these blends can be used for high caliber vascular grafts. 相似文献
17.
Decision recommendations are a set of alternative options for clinical decisions (e.g., diagnosis, prognosis, treatment selection, follow-up, and prevention) that are provided to decision makers by knowledge-based Clinical Decision Support Systems (k-CDSS) as aids. We propose to follow a “reasoning over domain” approach for the generation of decision recommendations by gathering and inferring conclusions from production rules. In order to rationalize our approach, we present a specification that will sustain the logic models supported in the knowledge bases we use for persistence. We introduce first the underlying knowledge model and then the necessary extensions that will convey toward the solution of the reported needs. The starting point of our approach is the proposition of Reflexive Ontologies (RO). Here, we go a step further, proposing an extension of RO that includes the handling and reasoning that production rules provide. Our approach speeds up the recommendation generation process. 相似文献
18.
19.
The solution to the nonlinear output regulation problem requires one to solve a first‐order partial differential equation, known as the Francis–Byrnes–Isidori equations. In this paper, we propose a method to compute approximate solutions to the Francis–Byrnes–Isidori equations when the zero dynamics of the plant are hyperbolic and the exosystem is two dimensional. With our method, we are able to produce approximations that converge uniformly to the true solution. Our method relies on the periodic nature of two‐dimensional analytic center manifolds. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
V. C. S. Reynoso L. C. Barbosa Yudong Liu O. L. Alves N. Aranha C. L. Cesar 《Journal of Materials Science》1995,30(24):6299-6302
We study the TiO2-BaO-ZnO-B2O3 glass system, where the ZnO and B2O3 compositions were constant and the ratio TiO2/BaO was varied from 0.87 to 1.76. A super kanthal resistance furnace was used to melt the compounds inside an alumina crucible, at 1200 °C, for 10 min. After melting, the glasses were poured out into steel moulds and rapidly cooled by quenching. The glasses obtained were homogeneous, bubble free and transparent. They were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-VIS spectroscopy, dilatometry, density and linear refractive index. An infrared cut off caused by the composition influence was found in both IR and UV-vis spectra. From dilatometry T
d and T
g were verified as being anomalous. The linear thermal expansion coefficient presented an anomalous behaviour in relation to TiO2 concentrations. The density and linear refractive index increased with increasing TiO2/BaO ratio arriving at their peak value of TiO2/BaO=1.5 and then decreasing. The dependence of softening point T
d on the ratio TiO2/BaO exhibited the same behaviour. It is suggested that Ti4+ plays a dual part in the glass system, assuming a predominantly tetrahedral coordination in the low titania region and a predominantly octahedral coordination in the high titania region. With a heat treatment of the glass around 600 °C, we observed a rapid change of refractive index with increasing temperature. 相似文献