Identification and fermentation optimization of protopectinase-overproducing strain Aspergillus niger CD-01 for pectin production

In order to solve the citrus peel resource waste problem and minimize the drawbacks of chemical extraction of pectin, a protopectinase-overproducing strain CD-01 for pectin production was isolated from a pit soil dumped with perished orange in Changde City, Hunan Province of China. The strain CD-01 had the same morphology and 28S rRNA gene sequence (FJ184995) as that of Aspergillus niger (ATCC 64028). It was thus identified and named as Aspergillus niger CD-01. The fermentation condition was optimized based on L₉(3⁴) orthogonal experimental design and the variances analyses. The results show that the optimal condition for producing pectin is as follows: time 36 h, temperature 35 °C, pH 5, and urea as the nitrogen source. Under this condition, the pectin yield can reach up to 24.5%. This shows a great potential of Aspergillus niger CD-01 in pectin extraction from citrus. Foundation item: Projects(50621063, 50674101) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Experimental study on Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the ferrite region

A Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the conventional austenite region and in the ferrite region with lubrication was experimentally studied.Subsequent cold rolling and continuous annealing processes were also conducted.The results show that microstructures of ultra-low carbon bake hardening hot strips at room temperature are basically irregular polygonal ferrites.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,n value,and r value of the No.2 specimen hot-rolled in the ferr...     

Zonal disintegration phenomenon in enclosing rock mass surrounding deep tunnels -- Elasto-plastic analysis of stress field of enclosing rock mass

The zonal disintegration phenomenon (ZDP) is a typical phenomenon in deep block rock masses. In order to investigate the mechanism of ZDP, an improved non-linear Hock-Brown strength criterion and a bi-linear constitutive model of rock mass were used to analyze the elasto-plastic stress field of the enclosing rock mass around a deep round tunnel. The radius of the plastic region and stress of the enclosing rock mass were obtained by introducing dimensionless parameters of radial distance. The results show that tunneling in deep rock mass causes a maximum stress zone to appear in the vicinity of the boundary of the elastic and the plas-tic zone in the surrounding rock mass. Under the compression of a large tangential force and a small radial force, the rock mass in the maximum stress zone was in an approximate uniaxial loading state, which could lead to a split failure in the rock mass.     

广西老堡铅锌矿褶皱形成机制及其控矿规律

老堡铅锌矿床主要赋存在陡山沱组白云岩或老堡组硅质岩中,顺层产出,受地层与褶皱的双重控制。矿区主干褶皱为一复式向斜,由2个次级向斜和1个次级背斜组成。从构造几何学、运动学角度,运用现代测试技术,对矿区的小构造、显微构造和组构进行构造分析后揭示,老堡褶皱构造的形成机制是以弯滑作用为主、兼具弯流作用的纵弯褶皱作用的产物。铅锌矿体主要赋存在褶皱的转折端虚脱部位及两翼滑移量较大的层间滑动破碎带中。     

浔江防洪堤对西江中下游洪水的归槽影响

基于河道洪水演算原理,建立符合河流水力特性及其变化规律的边滩滞洪水库调节法流量演算模型、校正因数法水位演算模型,利用实测洪水和防洪堤资料进行归槽或还原演算,综合分析防洪堤对洪水归槽的影响。保护区滞洪容积占次洪水总量9．50％的浔江防洪堤对西江中下游洪水过程的归槽影响大于对洪峰的归槽影响,而且洪水类型和干支流组合不同,影响的程度也不相同：对流量过程、洪峰流量影响的最大归槽流量、最大归槽流量比重分别为3680m^3／s、9．63％,2700m^3／s、5．90％,对水位过程、洪峰水位影响的最大变幅为0．60、0．22m。浔江防洪堤造成的洪水归槽并未显著改变西江中下游洪水特性,干支流洪水遭遇、区间降雨和雨洪重叠仍然是形成西江中下游大洪水的主要因素,西江中下游洪涝频繁是气候和流域环境变化综合影响的结果。     

新型燃煤烟气汞吸附剂的评价研究

利用汞蒸气发生器产生的单质汞,与压缩空气组成模拟烟气,在吸附剂评价实验台上进行吸附剂脱汞实验,研究不同吸附剂对单质汞的脱除效率．实验结果表明,活性炭对汞的吸附效率在60％左右,未改性的燃煤飞灰吸附效率在10％～20％,改性后的燃煤飞灰比表面积有很大程度的提高,吸附效率可以达到25％,与活性炭吸附效率相比仍有不小的差距．     

基于精度控制的凸轮反求实践

精度控制是反求实践研究的一项重要内容.论文分析了精度控制的必要性,给出了精度误差的评价标准,通过对打纬共轭凸轮反求实践中各环节的精度控制,有效的控制了反求误差,实现了凸轮的高精度反求,提高了凸轮反求的品质.     

自激振荡脉冲射流的研究与进展

指出了自激振荡脉冲射流的产生机理,概述了国内外主要的研究和应用成果,并对这些成果进行分析后指出：目前的研究方法主要基于经验,基于理论或基于方法;目前主要的应用领域为石油钻井、油罐清淤和渔业充氧等.最后对进一步研究的方向和应用的领域作出了展望,可为相关研究参考.     

非线性部分最小二乘方法的研究与应用

该文将部分最小二乘算法与径向基函数神经网络相结合,给出了一种非线性部分最小二乘建模方法,可以更加有效地处理过程非线性和数据共线性等复杂特性,提高模型的精度和推广能力。该方法在确定径向基函数神经网络的隐节点时,采用了一种改进型的k-均值聚类算法来自动确定最优的聚类区数。对煤气化炉合成气组分浓度软测量建模的应用结果表明,采用该方法建立的软测量模型在模型精度和推广能力等方面明显优于二次型多项式部分最小二乘方法建立的模型,并且计算精度满足工业生产的实际要求。     

制备温度和压力对纳米氧化锆相组成的影响

利用压力[CD*2/3]热液法制备纳米氧化锆粉体,考察不同温度和压力下的制备工艺条件,以及采用XRD分析经过热处理后粉体的相组成和晶粒的长大倾向.结果表明,制备出的氧化锆粉体平均粒径约15 nm,粉体在600℃、800℃、1 000℃热处理1 h后,晶粒随温度长大趋势较小,抗老化能力较好.