近邻自适应局部尺度的谱聚类算法

提出一种在LUV空间中基于多层次化结构Nystrm方法的自适应谱聚类算法。首先引入LUV色彩空间,避免了RGB色彩空间中色彩辨别阈对分割的影响,在纹理、边缘区域取得了更好的分割效果;其次将谱聚类算法中基于多层次化结构的方法和基于Nystrm采样的方法结合起来,有效减少了运算时间、解决了数据量较大时计算过程中内存溢出的问题;最后在K均值聚类中通过对特征间隙(eigengap)的分析,自适应地选择K值的大小,解决了自动确定聚类数目的问题。将提出的方法在LUV色彩空间中和RGB色彩空间中分别进行图像分割实验,结果表明在LUV色彩空间中取得效果更加理想。同时也将提出的算法与基于Nystrm方法的谱聚类算法(spectral clustering-Nystrm,SC-N)进行比较。实验结果表明,该算法在数据运算量、运行时间和分割结果上都优于SC-N方法。     

A study on the dynamic characteristics of the Korean Yi-dynasty bell type structure

The dynamic characteristics of the Korean Yi-dynasty bell type structure, including the acoustic effects, are analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. The numerical solutions of natural frequencies and mode shape for membrane and flexural behavior are obtained by using the NASTRAN program for the finite element method with plate shell elements of triangular and quadrilateral types. Test bells, A and B types similar to the Kap-Sa bell in Kong-Ju chosen among typical Korean Yi-dynasty bells, are manufactured on different scales to the original bell. To consider the effects of the variation of the structural dimension on the dynamic response, these bells are analyzed with respect to the variation of the thickness of the wall and the bottom rim and the asymmetric Dang-Jwas. The impact method with the Fast Fourier Transform Analyzer is adopted to experimentally assess the dynamic response. Results are in good agreement with the numerical solutions.     

城市污水处理新型生物脱氮除磷技术研究进展

当下,我国城市污水处理厂的主要矛盾已由有机物的去除转向氮、磷等营养物的去除.而城市污水处理厂目前普遍采用的传统生物脱氮除磷工艺因其自身的特点及城市污水特征,导致氮、磷污染物去除效率无法满足愈发严格的国家标准.针对这种问题,通过对同步硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化、反硝化除磷、短程硝化反硝化这些新型技术及其研究现状进行介绍,探究新型生物脱氮除磷技术在城市污水处理领域中应用的优越性与合理性.并基于多菌群协同除污机理,结合我国城市污水处理可持续发展现状,探索未来的技术发展方向.     

一种雪地轮胎的结构设计

本文介绍了265/70R17115S规格雪地轮胎的设计,外轮廓方面,轮胎的设计外直径797 mm,充气断面宽282 mm,轮胎的行驶面宽207 mm,设计行驶面弧高度8.5 mm,胎圈着合直径取值430 mm,轮胎的胎圈着合宽度237.8 mm,轮胎的断面水平轴位置取值0.96746;轮胎的胎面花纹设计分为长型花纹(M型、L型)与短型花纹(S型),3种花纹为交替变节距呈现,花纹深度10.4 mm,花纹饱和度68.16%。轮胎的施工设计方面:胎面挤出部件为全分层设计,可更好的区分胶种,功能性更强,胎侧挤出部件为双复合设计,冠带层的1#、2#带束层材料使用3×0.30HT钢丝帘线,胎圈部位的钢丝圈为斜六角形结构,更好的保证了成品断面钢丝圈部位,切割后呈近圆形;胎胚成型使用的设备是萨驰一次法成型机,胎胚硫化使用的设备是韩国东和液压硫化机,硫化工艺为氮气硫化。生产的成品轮胎的外缘尺寸、强度性能和耐久性能等均满足国家标准要求。     

Equivalent model of multi-type distributed generators under faults with fast-iterative calculation method based on improved PSO algorithm

There are various types of distributed generators (DGs) with diferent grid integration strategies. The transient char? acteristics of the fault currents provided by the DGs are diferent to those of conventional synchronous generators. In this paper, a distribution network with multi-type DGs is investigated, including consideration of DG low-voltage ride through (LVRT). The fault current characteristics of two typical DGs, i.e. an inverter-interfaced distributed generator (IIDG) and a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), are analyzed, considering the specifc operation modes. Based on analysis of the fault characteristics, an equivalent model of the multi-type DGs under symmetrical/asymmetrical fault conditions is established. A fast-iterative fault calculation method for enhancing the calculation efciency while avoid? ing local convergence is then proposed using an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A simula? tion system of the distribution network with multi-type DGs is established in PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results validate the high accuracy and calculation efciency of the proposed calculation method of the fault components. This can assist in the settings of the protection threshold.     

420 kA铝电解槽失电后热场分析及运用

通过建立420 kA铝电解槽的三维模型,并采用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench模拟了失电后槽内热场变化情况.重点研究了电解槽失去直流电流输入后电解槽内各个介质的温度变化情况,获取了电解槽失电后随时间延长温度下降情况,得到了电解槽内各个介质的温度随时间下降的曲线.通过仿真分析发现电解槽在失电后30 min各个介质温度变化较小,2 h左右电解质温度下降10℃左右,4 h左右电解质温度下降到了915℃左右,同时分析了电解槽外壳和阳极热通量的情况.建立的稳态温度场与实际测量结果比较,其温度差最大为76℃,最小为7.9℃,个别测量点与实际结果偏差稍大,多数测量点与实际结果较为接近.造成偏差的原因主要是仿真模型存在一定的误差,但大的趋势与实际结果相吻合.仿真研究的结果对电解槽失电后的应急处置及平时的应急管理具有重要的指导意义.     

高黏原油和石英砂复配体系中水合物生成实验研究

在油井开采原油时,会产生伴生气,而在高压和低温环境中会生成天然气水合物,进而堵塞运输管道,因此研究油砂体系（含原油的体系）和纯石英砂体系（不含原油的体系）中水合物生成情况具有重要意义。在初始压力为4.00、6.00、8.00 MPa,石英砂粒径为20、30、60、80目,温度恒定的条件下,研究了油砂体系和纯石英砂体系中甲烷水合物的生成情况以及最终耗气量。结果表明,在初始压力相同的油砂体系中,石英砂粒径越小,水合物生成诱导期越短,水合物生成速率越大。研究石英砂粒径对水合物生成最终耗气量的影响发现,随着石英砂粒径的减小,耗气量先增加后减少,当石英砂粒径为60目时,耗气量达到最大,其值为0.19 mol。同时,对油砂体系和纯石英砂体系中水合物生成情况进行了对比。结果表明,由于两种体系中都存在SDS（十二烷基硫酸钠）溶液,因此水合物生成速率相差不大;在石英砂粒径相同的条件下,油砂体系中最终耗气量小于纯石英砂体系中的最终耗气量,这说明原油对水合物生成具有抑制作用。在油砂体系中,压力越大,越有利于水合物的生成。     

不完备信息系统的规则提取研究*

粗糙集理论和D-S证据理论都是重要的不确定性推理方法,两者各有优缺点.现实生活中,不完备信息系统广泛存在.研究了将两种理论结合用于不完备信息系统以进行规则提取,并用实例进行了验证.     

基于目标特征调控的移频拖引干扰方法

为了提高移频干扰对脉冲多普勒(PD)雷达的干扰效果,根据目标特征调控原理,分析了移频拖引干扰应满足的条件,提出了一种基于无源目标特征调控的移频拖引干扰方法.该方法通过在目标表面涂覆或覆盖相位调制表面(PSS)材料的方式调控目标的散射特性,引起目标多普勒频率的视在漂移,使脉冲多普勒雷达产生测距误差.仿真结果表明,通过目标特征调控的方式实现的移频拖引干扰,在隐藏真实目标回波的同时,分别在真实目标前向和后向形成2个假目标,大大提高了干扰效果,验证了该方法的可靠性.     

In-depth investigation on the factors affecting the performance of high oil-absorption resin by response surface method

A series of high oil-absorption resins with low cross-linking degree were synthesized by suspension polymerization using stearyl methacrylate(SMA), 2-Ethylhexyl methacrylate(EHMA), and styrene(St) as monomers.Response surface methodology(RSM) with central composite design(CCD) was also applied to determine the optimal parameters that are mainly known to affect their synthesis. Thus, the effects of the monomer mass ratio(EHMA:SMA), the rigid monomer(St) dosage, the porous agent(acetone) dosage, and their pairwise interaction on the resin's oil-absorption capacity were analyzed, highlighting PSES-R_2 as the resin with the optimum performance. The pure oil-absorption rates of PSES-R2 for gasoline, diesel, and kerosene were 11.19 g·g~(-1),16.25 g·g~(-1), and 14.84 g·g~(-1), respectively, while the oil removal rates from oily wastewater were 98.82%,65.11%, and 99.63%, respectively.