响应曲面法优化低砷锑铋铜阳极泥硫酸化焙烧蒸硒

为准确确定低砷锑铋铜阳极泥硫酸化焙烧蒸硒的最优工艺条件,通过响应曲面法进行优化,探究了焙烧温度、保温时间及酸泥比对蒸硒率的影响,建立了硫酸化焙烧蒸硒过程的二次回归方程。结果表明：焙烧温度和保温时间对蒸硒率影响显著,在焙烧温度为522 ℃、保温时间为22.34 min、酸泥比为0.333mL/g的最优条件下,模型预测蒸硒率为99.48%,而实验蒸硒率为99.12%,与预测值相差0.36%,匹配性良好,硫酸化焙烧过程响应曲面法模型可靠。     

Nanocomposite Lanthanum Zirconate Thermal Barrier Coating Deposited by Suspension Plasma Spray Process

This work seeks to develop an innovative nanocomposite thermal barrier coating (TBC) exhibiting low thermal conductivity and high durability compared with that of current TBCs. To achieve this objective, nanosized lanthanum zirconate particles were selected for the topcoat of the TBC system, and a new process—suspension plasma spray—was employed to produce desirable microstructural features: the nanocomposite lanthanum zirconate TBC contains ultrafine splats and high volume porosity, for lower thermal conductivity, and better durability. The parameters of plasma spray experiment included two main variables: (i) spray distance varying from 40 to 80 mm and (ii) the concentration of suspension 20, 25, and 30 wt.%, respectively. The microstructure of obtained coatings was characterized with scanning electron microscope and x-ray diffraction. The porosity of coatings is in the range of 6-10%, and the single phase in the as-sprayed coatings was pyrochlore lanthanum zirconate.     

新型抗盐水泥浆体系的研究及应用

针对盐层固井时常规外加剂性能失效、配制的水泥浆性能变差的问题，开发了一种新型的抗盐水泥浆体系。该体系以抗盐降失水剂BXF-200L为主体，并有配套的缓凝剂、促凝剂及分散剂。BXF-200L是通过合理的分子设计得到的多元共聚物型抗盐耐温降失水剂。对常规密度、高密度（最高达到2.6 g/cm³）抗盐水泥浆的失水、稠化、流变、强度等性能进行了室内评价，还在中国、伊朗、哈萨克斯坦等国油田进行了大量的固井施工。室内研究和现场试验证明：该抗盐水泥浆体系具有失水量低、流变性能好、稠化时间易调、抗压强度高等特点，综合性能能够满足盐层固井施工的技术要求。     

Effect of PTFE Addition on the Properties of Electroless Ni-Cu-P-PTFE Deposits

采用化学镀的方法,调整化学镀工艺参数,在低碳钢表面获得了PTFE含量不同的Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层,研究了PTFE粒子对Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层表面形貌、相、显微硬度、结合强度以及摩擦等性能的影响。结果表明,Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层的沉积速度随着PTFE浓度的增加而升高。进一步的实验结果表明,由于PTFE颗粒自身的疏松结构和软质特性,PTFE颗粒在镀层中的共沉积会引起Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层的显微硬度下降。同时Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层的结合强度会随着PTFE浓度的增加而减小。此外,PTFE的添加会使Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层的摩擦系数降低,这些结果与PTFE粒子在Ni-Cu-P-PTFE镀层中的含量成反比,而与镀液中PTFE粒子的浓度没有良好的对应关系。     

Effect of Substrate Temperature on CaHPO4 Coating on HT-C/C Composites Prepared by Ultrasonic Induction Heating Method

采用超声感应加热法在H2O2水热处理C/C复合材料表面沉积了CaHPO4涂层,借助SEM、XRD、FTIR、EDS等手段,研究了衬底温度对涂层的微观结构的影响,并通过划痕测试评价涂层与C/C基体之间的结合强度,同时运用分析天平测量质量以研究涂层的沉积动力学。结果显示,所制得的CaHPO4涂层钙磷比为1.2左右,晶格中出现碳离子。涂层形貌无明显变化,但是伴随温度的升高,涂层致密度降低。涂层与基体之间的结合强度随温度升高而增强,但内聚强度随温度升高而减弱。CaHPO4涂层的感应加热沉积过程受表面化学反应控制,沉积活化能为46.7 kJ/mol。     

温度及加载速率对U-5.7%Nb合金变形行为的影响

研究了淬火和时效2种状态的U-5.7%Nb合金,从室温(20℃)~800℃温度范围的准静态拉伸性能,及合金的变形和断裂行为。结果表明,不论淬火或时效状态的U-5.7%Nb合金,当温度高于200℃后,合金在室温下表现出的二次屈服现象将完全消失,并在400℃温度附近发生脆化,在700℃温度附近表现出明显的超塑性,其中淬火态合金性能的变化尤为明显。并对准静态拉伸、Hopkinson拉伸及爆炸膨胀环3种加载速率下,时效态U-5.7%Nb合金的组织结构进行了对比分析。结果表明,以不同应变速率断裂的时效态U-5.7%Nb合金,断口中心部位的韧窝比边缘部位相对明显,Hopkinson拉伸断口的晶粒大于准静态拉伸断口的晶粒,爆炸速率断裂的合金断口有剪切断裂、边缘开裂及局部夹杂脱落的现象。     

Anisotropy oxidation of textured ZrB2–MoSi2 ceramics

Oxidation behavior of hot forged textured ZrB₂–20 vol% MoSi₂ ceramics with platelet ZrB₂ grains was investigated at 1500 °C for exposure time from 0.5 to 12 h. Compared to untextured ceramics, the textured ceramics showed obvious anisotropic oxidation behavior and the surface normal to the hot forging pressure demonstrated better oxidation resistance. Such improvement in the oxidation resistance is primarily considered as a higher intrinsic ZrB₂ atomic density on the orientated {0 0 l} planes in the textured ceramics. It is expectable that the anisotropic textured ZrB₂–MoSi₂ ceramics can offer better oxidation resistance when a certain surface with higher oxidation resistance is exposed to air at elevated temperature.     

饱水石灰岩骨架和流体弹性参数的估算

本文利用Niu等提出的基于临界孔隙度模型的组分弹性参数数值计算方法,把测试岩石样品的孔隙度、整体密度、纵波速度和横波速度作为数值计算的输入数据,运用"双线性数值计算方法"反演求出临界点、流体和骨架的12个弹性参数。具体做法是:基于临界孔隙度模型,给出三组线性关系,即密度—孔隙度,整体剪切模量—孔隙度,整体纵波模量—孔隙度,上述每组线性关系分别以孔隙度作为自变量和因变量得到两个线性方程,再把两个方程计算的结果进行加权平均得到相关的弹性参数估算值,并结合饱水石灰岩样品数据实现了弹性参数估算。数值计算结果表明,由数值计算得到的弹性参数与测试弹性参数的均值和方差相差甚微,特别是密度数据的偏差均值更小,说明文中的数值计算结果是可靠的。     

Synthesis and electrochemical analyses of vapor-grown carbon fiber/pyrolytic carbon-coated LiFePO<Subscript>4</Subscript> composite

A vapor-grown carbon fiber/pyrolytic carbon-coated LiFePO₄ (VGCF/PCLFP) composite has been prepared in one step through a solid-state reaction accompanied by a gas-phase decomposition process. This method leads to the formation of a conductive network composed of pyrolytic carbon layer and in situ vapor-grown carbon fiber in the composite. The amount of carbon in the composite has been determined by a modified formula based on thermogravimetric analysis to be around 3.0 wt%. The optimized electrode of VGCF/PCLFP composite can deliver 150 mAhg⁻¹ at 0.5 C rate, 137 mAhg⁻¹ at 1.0 C rate and 132 mAhg⁻¹ at 3.0 C rate. And its discharge capacity loses only ~4% at a higher rate of 3.0 C after 100 cycles. The area-specific impedance of a cell fabricated with VGCF/PCLFP composite is lower than that made of only pyrolytic carbon-coated LiFePO₄, reported here for the purpose of comparison. In comparison to the electrode made of carbon black/LiFePO₄ composite (10 wt% carbon), the charge transfer resistance of the VGCF/PCLFP composite electrode decreases from 165 to 91 Ω. This technique presents an attractive way to produce high-performance LiFePO₄ cathode material through a low-cost high-efficiency process.     

提高热带轧机精轧AGC控制精度初探

武钢热轧厂在设备老化、产品厚度工下降的情况下，对ＡＧＣ控制模型及参数进行了分析与修改，通过采缩小允许锁定偏差值计算公式中的α值，调整ＧＭ方式ＡＧＣ用比例因子值，增加调节量与Ｘ射线厚度偏差矛盾值的判断程序，适当放大Ｘ射线厚度差值等措施，提高了厚度精度，带来了可观的经济效益。