多孔介质内部热质传递的等效耦合扩散模型的推导及其应用

基于Whitaker的体积平均方程，在不附加任何新的假设的基础上，对多孔介质内部热质传递的等效耦合扩散模型进行推导，得出了多孔介质内部热质传递的等效耦合扩散模型。并应用该模型对瓷质砖体干燥过程进行了数值模拟，模拟结果与实验结果十分吻合。     

高铁酸钾药剂处理废水的研究现状

高铁酸钾在水溶液中具有强氧化能力,其还原产物Fe(Ⅲ)无毒.高铁酸钾集氧化杀菌、吸附、絮凝、除臭为一体,在废水处理中是一种对环境无二次污染、十分有效的新型高效多功能水处理剂.作者介绍了高铁酸钾的分析方法,其中以ABTS法最佳,侧重综述了高铁酸钾处理某些废水的研究现状、Fe(Ⅴ)的产生以及K2FeO4-TiO2-UV组合体系强化处理污染物的效能,并对进一步的研究提出了建议.     

CE/纳米SiO2复合材料的改性研究

利用纳米SiO2对氰酸酯树脂(CE)进行改性。结果表明,适量的纳米SiO2可提高CE/纳米SiO2复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度;选用不同分子尺寸的偶联剂KH-560和SCA-3对纳米SiO2进行表面处理,扫描电镜(SEM)表明,纳米SiO2经偶联剂处理后CE/纳米SiO2复合材料的静态力学性能、动态力学性能都得到了不同程度的提高,特别是经SCA-3处理后的效果更加明显,偶联剂的加入改善了纳米SiO2在CE中的分散状态,使纳米SiO2与CE之间的界面结合强度进一步提高。     

钛酸铝陶瓷热电偶保护管的试制

以工业氧化铝和钛白粉为基本原料、滑石为添加剂，采用注浆成型工艺，试制出了钛酸铝陶瓷热电偶保护管。     

煤气化试车总结

中石化南化公司煤气化装置首次采用水煤浆8.5 MPa高压气化及1开1备的气化运行模式,于2006年1月11日投料成功,并在8.2 MPa、83%负荷下运行正常.该文对试车、生产情况做了分析和总结.     

Self-assembly and crystallization behavior of a double-crystalline polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer

The self-assembly and crystallization behavior of a well-defined low molecular weight polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PE-b-PEO) diblock copolymer was studied. The number-average degrees of polymerization for the PE and PEO blocks were 29 and 20, respectively. The molecular weight distribution was 1.04 as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. The PE-b-PEO sample exhibited two melting points at 28.7 and 97.4 °C for the PEO and the PE crystals, respectively. The crystallization of the PE blocks was unconfined, while the crystallization of the PEO blocks was confined between pre-existing PE crystalline lamellae, as demonstrated by simultaneous small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies. In the fully crystalline state, both PE and PEO blocks formed extended-chain crystals with PE chains tilted ∼22° from the lamellar normal and PEO chains parallel to the lamellar normal, as evidenced by two-dimensional WAXD study of shear-oriented samples. Regardless of hydrogen bonding among hydroxyl chain ends in the PEO blocks, interdigitated, single-crystalline layer morphology was observed for both PE and PEO crystals. The partial crystalline morphology, where the PE crystallizes and the PEO is amorphous, had the same overall d-spacing as the fully crystalline morphology. A double-amorphous PEO layer sandwiched between neighboring PE crystalline layers was deduced based on a chain conformation study using Fourier transform infrared. The confined crystallization kinetics for PEO blocks was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, which could be explained by a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism. The slower crystallization rate in the PEO-block than the same molecular weight homopolymer was attributed to the effects of nanoconfinement and PEO chains tethered to the PE crystals.     

国内外加氢石油树脂的技术进展

介绍了国内外石油树脂的生产和技术发展状况，并对加氢催化剂的最新进展了作了较详细的论述，提出了发展我国加氢石油树脂的建议。     

一个新的不耐热的伤寒沙门氏菌特异性抗原(θ)的发现

我们在研究伤寒沙门氏菌保护性抗原期间,发现了一个新的不耐热的伤寒沙门氏菌特异性抗原,暂时命名为θ抗原。这个抗原存在于各种类型的伤寒沙门氏菌中,并能从Ty2菌苗株细胞提取。以不吸收的抗θ兔血清作试管凝集时,与O90l和H901菌株的凝集效价分别为1:640和1:320。但与Ty2或9,12,Vi:d:-菌株不发生凝集,这一现象以后证实是由于Vi抗原的存在。θ抗原形成凝集较幔(31℃18～24小时),其所形成的凝集块疏松,易摇散、呈半絮状。菌体经100℃30分钟加热后与θ血清不发生凝集。玻片凝集试验显示θ血清与W和V型伤寒沙门氏菌(后者须培养在含酚培养基上)在1分钟内产生明显凝集。而与大多数D群(包括D_1和D_2)沙门氏菌和其他沙门氏菌不凝集,并与下列肠杆菌科细菌亦不凝集,包括志贺氏菌属A、B、C、D群,大肠艾希氏菌O:1～25和致病性大肠艾希氏菌12个不同的血清型,3株变形杆菌以及含有α抗原的Wakefield茵。化学分析显示,粗制θ提取物含有核酸(491μg/ml)。蛋白质(39μg/ml)和KDO(23μg/ml),但不含有O-乙酰基,表明θ抗原不同于Vi抗原。作者建议以θ血清替代现用的O:9,Vi和d因子血清作为伤寒沙门氏菌的血清学诊断。并需继续查明θ抗原的化学本质。     

塑料挤出成型模具流道优化设计

本文依据流变学理论，采用优化方法进行挤出成型模具（即机头）流道设计，探讨了建立流道优化数学模型的有关问题。     

AFM study of crystallization and melting of a poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer containing a tablet-like block of poly{2,5-bis[(4-methoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrene} in ultrathin films

Crystallization and melting of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) diblock copolymer containing a tablet-like block of poly{2,5-bis[(4-methoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrene} (PMPCS) in ultrathin films have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) coupled with a hot stage. The PEO and PMPCS block possess the number-average molecular weights (M_n) of 5300 and 2100 g/mol, respectively. The ultrathin films on the mica and glow-discharged carbon surfaces were obtained by static dilute solution casting at room temperature. Isothermal melt crystallization from ultrathin films always leads to flat-on lamellae. Selective area electron diffraction (SAED) experiments have demonstrated that the PEO blocks crystallize with a monoclinic structure identical to that of homo-PEO and the chain direction is perpendicular to the substrate. At T_c<44 °C, the monolayer crystals are dendrites. At T_c>48 °C, square-shaped crystals are formed with the (100) and (020) planes as the crystal edges. At 44 °C≤T_c≤48 °C, an intermediate monolayer morphology is observed. The monolayer thickness increases monotonically with increasing T_c. At the same T_c, the monolayer lamellae with the top and bottom amorphous layers contacting with the atmosphere and the substrate possess a significantly larger overall thickness than the long period of the crystals in bulk. For the spiral terraces induced by screw dislocation, the thickness of each terrace is close to that of the monolayer formed at the same T_c, and their melting is mainly determined by the terrace thickness.