Comparison of RAFT polymerization of methyl methacrylate in conventional emulsion and miniemulsion systems

In this study, we have conducted the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in two heterogeneous systems, i.e. conventional emulsion and miniemulsion, with identical reaction conditions. The main objective is to compare the living character in both systems according to the nucleation mechanism, the latex stability, the particle sizes and particle size distributions of latexes, the molecular weights and molecular weight distributions (or polydispersity index, PDI) of PMMA, and the kinetics of the RAFT polymerization. The RAFT agent used in both systems was 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (CPDB). The effects of an oil-soluble initiator 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and a water-soluble initiator kalium persulfate (KPS) on the RAFT/emulsion and RAFT/miniemulsion polymerizations were investigated. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) was used as a solubilizer. The average molecular weights and molecular weight distributions (PDIs) of dried PMMA samples were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The experimental results showed that the RAFT/miniemulsion polymerization of MMA exhibited better living character than that of RAFT/emulsion polymerization under the conditions of our experiment. The PDI of PMMA in RAFT/miniemulsion polymerization was decreased with the addition of Me-β-CD. However, Me-β-CD did not have influence on the PDI of PMMA prepared in RAFT/emulsion polymerization.     

稀土掺杂二氧化态光催化的研究进展

论述了半导体光催化反应机理，单一半导体光催化剂的光催化活性普遍不高，通过掺杂可以提高光催化活性，甚至在提高活性的同时扩展光谱响应范围，提高光的利用率。纳米TiO2是一种宽禁带半导体光催化剂，可用于有机污染物及无机污染物等方面的降解。     

空心玻璃微珠复合聚氨酯泡沫的模塑成型收缩率

研究了用空心玻璃微珠复合聚氨酯泡沫塑料制成厚度不同、形状不同、结构不同的制品时模型成型的收缩率，以及在模塑成型过程中，熟化温度、熟化时间和熟化后在模具内保持的时间对模塑成型收缩率的影响。结果表明，制品模塑成型收缩率随着厚度的增加而增大；加入金属嵌件后可较大程度地限制制品收缩；当熟化温度高于100℃时，随着熟化温度的升高，制品收缩率增大。     

矿物质催化合成SP及SP-C

探索出一种以矿物质（橡胶填充剂）为催化剂合成ＳＰ及ＳＰ－Ｃ的新工艺。选择了最佳的工艺条件。此法制成的ＳＰ及ＳＰ－Ｃ产品性能优良、质量稳定。     

A study of the Fe(III)/Fe(II)-triethanolamine complex redox couple for redox flow battery application

The electrochemical behavior of the Fe(III)/Fe(II)-triethanolamine(TEA) complex redox couple in alkaline medium and influence of the concentration of TEA were investigated. A change of the concentration of TEA mainly produces the following two results. (1) With an increase of the concentration of TEA, the solubility of the Fe(III)-TEA can be increased to 0.6 M, and the solubility of the Fe(II)-TEA is up to 0.4 M. (2) In high concentration of TEA with the ratio of TEA to NaOH ranging from 1 to 6, side reaction peaks on the cathodic main reaction of the Fe(III)-TEA complex at low scan rate can be minimized. The electrode process of Fe(III)-TEA/Fe(II)-TEA is electrochemically reversible with higher reaction rate constant than the uncomplexed species. Constant current charge-discharge shows that applying anodic active materials of relatively high concentrations facilitates the improvement of cell performance. The open-circuit voltage of the Fe-TEA/Br₂ cell with the Fe(III)-TEA of 0.4 M, after full charging, is nearly 2.0 V and is about 32% higher than that of the all-vanadium batteries, together with the energy efficiency of approximately 70%. The preliminary exploration shows that the Fe(III)-TEA/Fe(II)-TEA couple is electrochemically promising as negative redox couple for redox flow battery (RFB) application.     

冰箱用聚氨酯泡沫塑料的密度分布机理及配方优化

对冰箱用聚氨酯泡沫塑料的密度分布机理进行了探讨,为配方和工艺优化提供了有价值的参考,并通过对密度分布的研究来解决冰箱泡沫的其他性能缺陷。     

厌氧发酵处理味精废水中氯离子的影响

在3L 的CSTR 型厌氧反应器中研究了味精废水厌氧处理中氯离子毒性的反应。试验证明,已中毒的厌氧过程只要Cl~-浓度降至抑制限以下,厌氧过程就可在15～20d 内恢复,在恢复期间加入新污泥有利于恢复过程。保持足够大的SRT 和污泥浓度对于处理含有毒物的废水很有效。对本研究,SRT 得大于20d,污泥浓度在15～24g/L 左右就可达到较好的处理效率。Cl~-的抑制浓度对污泥浓度分别为24.28g/L,15.18g/L 和6.07g/L 时,Cl~-的抑制浓度分别是7750mg/L,7250mg/L和6300mg/L。此外,本文提出以I=S_(Cl)/X_v~n作为判断Cl~-抑制的指标。当COD 去除率大于80%时,n=0.1519。因此,要使过程的COD 去除率分别大于80%,85%和90%时,I 就得分别小于4.7,4.1和3.6。并且污泥浓度必须大于6.07g/L。     

抛秧稻田杂草发生与化除技术研究初报

抛秧田杂草不但种类多，危害重，而且化除难度大，技术要求高，据１９９３－１９９５年的试验、示范结果证明，一般草害田，掌握在抛栽后１０－１５天，每公顷用５０％二氯喹啉酸３７５－４５０克加１０％苄嘧黄隆１５０－２２５克，采用喷雾或毒土法防治一次，对稗草和多种阔叶草的防效一般可稳定在９０－９３％左右，并且可使亩产增加２成左右，但多草田和漏水田，则应通过二次用药或提高药剂用量的方法加以解决。     

复合材料夹层结构产品固化变形分析

本文讨论产生复合材料产品固化变形的主要原因是树脂收缩引起的各方向上不同的线膨胀系数具体分析了复合材料夹层结构的的固化变形，经技术上的改进解决了固化变形，以满足产品的设计要求。     

碱土金属在萃取剂与树脂间反应平衡常数的测定

研究了碱土金属离子在Ｄ００１树脂与８－羟基喹啉三氯甲烷溶液间的平衡常数Ｏ－ｔＫ的测定。其值依Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ次序减小。并得出萃取剂浓度［ＨＡ］。与金属离子在两相分配的关系。