Modelling of the Nonlinear Behavior of Compatibilized Polyethylene/Polyamide Blends in Shear and Extensional Flows

We have studied the effect of the amount Φ_c of a reactive compatibilizer on the rheological properties of a polyethylene/polyamide blend, under steady shear and transient extensional flows. Here, we propose to describe the viscosity η(γ) and the first normal stress coefficient γ₁(γ) using a Carreau‐type power‐law model, which is a three‐parameter model. A single model is sufficient to express the behavior of γ₁(γ) On the other hand, the complete η(γ) curve is described by the superposition of two Carreau models, in relation to the presence of two relaxation mechanisms. Moreover, the extentional viscosity η_E(?), estimated using the end pressure drop observed in capillary flow experiments, is expressed by a two‐parameter power‐law model.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymers prepared by a salicylaldimine‐aluminum complex

A series of poly(?‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL‐b‐PEG) block copolymers with different molecular weights were synthesized with a salicylaldimine‐aluminum complex in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol). The block copolymers were characterized by ¹H NMR, GPC, WAXD, and DSC. The ¹H NMR and GPC results verify the block structure and narrow molecular weight distribution of the block copolymers. WAXD and DSC results show that crystallization behavior of the block copolymers varies with the composition. When the PCL block is extremely short, only the PEG block is crystallizable. With further increase in the length of the PCL block, both blocks can crystallize. The PCL crystallizes prior to the PEG block and has a stronger suppression effect on crystallization of the PEG block, while the PEG block only exerts a relatively weak adverse effect on crystallization of the PCL block. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

HCFC-141b的生产现状与市场前景

介绍了聚氨酯发泡剂CFC-11的主要替代品HCFC-141b的生产工艺和生产现状,并分析了该产品的市场前景。     

Electrocopolymerization kinetics of a binary mixture of 3‐chloroaniline 2‐amino‐4‐phenylthiazole and characterization of the obtained block copolymer films

Electrocopolymerization of a binary mixture of 3‐chloroaniline and 2‐amino‐4‐phenylthiazole on platinum electrode in acid medium was carried out under different reaction conditions such as temperature, current density, hydrochloric acid, and monomer concentrations with duration time. The initial rate of the electrocopolymerization reaction on platinum electrode is small and the rate law is R_p = K₂ [D]^1.29[HCl]^0.97[M]^1.94. The apparent activation energy is found to be 38.87 kJ/mol. The obtained copolymer film is characterized by ¹H‐NMR, elemental analysis, GPC IR, UV‐visible, and cyclic voltammetry and compared with those of the two homopolymers. The mechanism of the electrocopolymerization reaction is also discussed and the monomer reactivity ratio (r₁and r₂) is calculated. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to confirm the proposed structure and determination of the number of water molecules in the polymeric chain unit. X‐ray and scanning electron microscopic analysis are used to investigate the surface morphology. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2076–2087, 2005     

超临界流体技术应用研究

超临界流体技术具有许多传统技术所没有的快速，高效，低能耗，污染少等优点，在材料制备，医药工业，生物工程，食物，环境，化工等许多方面展现了广阔的应用前景。综述了其在萃取，材料制备和作为反应介质等方面的应用。     

材料科学与工程中应用ANN的前景

介绍了ANN的基本概念和内涵及其主要用途，如在材料学科中的数据处理，尤其是陶瓷材料设计和材料检测中的应用前景。指出在现有研究的水平上，采用ANN解决材料科学与工程实际问题时的优点和局限性。     

Study of miscibility,crystallization, mechanical properties,and thermal stability of blends of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate)

Natural amorphous polymer poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB4HB) containing 41 mol % of 4HB was blended with poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with an aim to improve the properties of PHB. The influence of P3HB4HB contents on thermal and mechanical properties of the blends was evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, stress–strain measurement and thermo gravimetric analyzer. Miscibility of PHB/P3HB4HB blends was mainly decided by the contents of P3HB4HB. When P3HB4HB exceeded 50 wt %, the two polymer phases separated and showed immiscibility. The addition of P3HB4HB did not alter the crystallinity of PHB, yet it diluted the PHB crystalline phase as revealed by DSC studies. DSC and FTIR results showed that the overall crystallinity of the blends decreased remarkably with increasing of P3HB4HB contents. Decreased glass transition temperature and crystallinity imparted desired flexibility for the blends. The ductility of the blends increased progressively with increasing of P3HB4HB content. Thus, the PHB mechanical properties can be modulated by changing the blend composition. P3HB4HB did not significantly improve the thermal stability of PHB, yet it is possible to melt process PHB without much molecular weights loss via blending it with suitable amounts of P3HB4HB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Preparation and properties of water‐soluble polyester surfactants. II. Preparation and surface activity of silicone‐modified polyester surfactants

We prepared a novel series of water‐soluble silicone‐modified polyesters [poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)–silicone polyesters] by reacting organopolysiloxane with a hydroxy‐terminated polyester. The polyesters were obtained by the polymerization of maleic anhydride and PEGs (molecular weights = 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, and 10000). These water‐soluble PEG–silicone polyesters can be used as auxiliaries in dyeing process because they exhibit good surface activities such as surface tension, low foaming, and wetting power. The presence of these surfactants also retarded the rate of nylon dyeing with acid dyes. The retarding effect and low‐foaming property of these novel PEG–silicone polyesters make it possible for these surfactants to be used as leveling agents for modern nylon dyeing with acid dyes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3005–3012, 2002     

表面带磺酸基团的聚苯乙烯微球的制备及其对蛋白质的吸附

研究了运用分散聚合法,在乙醇/水混合介质中,制备2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)与苯乙烯(St)的共聚微球。运用红外、核磁共振、激光光散射和扫描电子显微镜对功能微球进行表征。阐述了该微球对牛血清蛋白(BSA)的吸附量与吸附时间和pH值的关系。结果表明:功能微球对BSA的吸附先随时间的增长而增大,一段时间后达到平衡吸附。当pH值接近BSA等电点(pI=4.7)时,BSA的吸附量达到最大值。     

改性硝酸铵的工业制备方法及其性能

硝酸铵饱和溶液中加入表面活性剂辛基三甲基溴化铵，采用真空膨胀结晶技术工业制备一种新型改性硝酸铵，并介绍其性能特点。