Effect of chromium compounds on the properties of ion-exchange membranes

The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes MK-40 and MF-4SK, MA-40, and MA-41 in solutions of sodium chloride, chromium(III) chloride, and chromium(VI) oxide have been studied. It has been found that the MA-40 and MA-41 membranes retain their transport properties in chromium chloride(III) solutions, whereas the anion-exchange membranes in chromium(VI) oxide solutions undergo partial or complete degradation. The oxidative impact of chromate ions on both the hydrocarbon matrix of the MK-40 membranes and the chemically resistant perfluorocarbon matrix of the MF-4SK membrane has been revealed.     

Shaped refractory articles based on fibrous composite materials

Production of shaped refractory articles based on fibrous composite materials (FCM) is brought to a commercial level at the Pervoural’sk silica brick plant. The use of molten periclase dust as a ceramic filler and the introduction of a silicon-containing admixture make it possible to increase the strength of the articles and to raise the working temperature to 1000°C. Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 1, pp. 31–32, January, 1997.     

金的硫代硫酸根络合物的吸附回收

The gold sorption from thiosulphate solutions on carbon sorbents and on anion exchangers was studied. It was shown that the anion exchangers AV-17-10P and AP-100 are the most effective and selective at pH=5-8. These anion exchangers can be recommended for the gold recovery from the industrial solutions.     

Polymer Fiber Probes Enable Optical Control of Spinal Cord and Muscle Function In Vivo

Restoration of motor and sensory functions in paralyzed patients requires the development of tools for simultaneous recording and stimulation of neural activity in the spinal cord. In addition to its complex neurophysiology, the spinal cord presents technical challenges stemming from its flexible fibrous structure and repeated elastic deformation during normal motion. To address these engineering constraints, we developed highly flexible fiber probes, consisting entirely of polymers, for combined optical stimulation and recording of neural activity. The fabricated fiber probes exhibit low‐loss light transmission even under repeated extreme bending deformations. Using our fiber probes, we demonstrate simultaneous recording and optogenetic stimulation of neural activity in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing the light sensitive protein channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2). Furthermore, optical stimulation of the spinal cord with the polymer fiber probes induces on‐demand limb movements that correlate with electromyographical (EMG) activity.     

Specific features of the sol-gel formation and optical properties of 3d metal/porous silicon composites

The composition and optical properties of composite materials based on porous silicon with iron, cobalt, and nickel deposited by the sol-gel technique are studied. It is shown that the deposition of metal-oxide films onto the surface of porous silicon enables stabilization of the photoluminescence and an increase in its intensity, as well as the storage of hydrogen in the porous layer.     

Acceptive Immunity: The Role of Fucosylated Glycans in Human Host–Microbiome Interactions

The growth in the number of chronic non-communicable diseases in the second half of the past century and in the first two decades of the new century is largely due to the disruption of the relationship between the human body and its symbiotic microbiota, and not pathogens. The interaction of the human immune system with symbionts is not accompanied by inflammation, but is a physiological norm. This is achieved via microbiota control by the immune system through a complex balance of pro-inflammatory and suppressive responses, and only a disturbance of this balance can trigger pathophysiological mechanisms. This review discusses the establishment of homeostatic relationships during immune system development and intestinal bacterial colonization through the interaction of milk glycans, mucins, and secretory immunoglobulins. In particular, the role of fucose and fucosylated glycans in the mechanism of interactions between host epithelial and immune cells is discussed.     

Spectral-Kinetic Analysis of State of Silver Sol Particles During Synthesis in Various Media

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been synthesized in various media using chemical reduction of silver ions with tannin and absorption...