This work is concerned with the prediction of visual colour difference between pairs of palettes. In this study, the palettes contained five colours arranged in a horizontal row. A total of 95 pairs of palettes were rated for visual difference by 20 participants. The colour difference between the palettes was predicted using two algorithms, each based on one of six colour-difference formulae. The best performance (r2 = 0.86 and STRESS = 16.9) was obtained using the minimum colour-difference algorithm (MICDM) using the CIEDE2000 equation with a lightness weighing of 2. There was some evidence that the order (or arrangement) of the colours in the palettes was a factor affecting the visual colour differences although the MICDM algorithm does not take order into account. Application of this algorithm is intended for digital design workflows where colour palettes are generated automatically using machine learning and for comparing palettes obtained from psychophysical studies to explore, for example, the effect of culture, age, or gender on colour associations. 相似文献
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been considered as attractive alternatives for next-generation battery systems, which have promising application potential due to their earth abundance of potassium and sodium, high capacity and suitable working potential, however, the design and application of bi-functional high-performance anode still remain a great challenge up to date. Bismuth sulfide is suitable as anode owing to its unique laminar structure with relatively large interlayer distance to accommodate larger radius ions, high theoretical capacity and high volumetric capacity etc. In this study, dandelion-like Bi2S3/rGO hierarchical microspheres as anode material for PIBs displayed reversible capacity, and 206.91 mAh·g−1 could be remained after 1,200 cycles at a current density of 100 mA·g−1. When applied as anode materials for SIBs, 300 mAh·g−1 could be retained after 300 cycles at 2 A·g−1 and its initial Coulombic efficiency is as high as 97.43%. Even at high current density of 10 A·g−1, 120.3 mAh·g−1 could be preserved after 3,400 cycles. The Na3V2(PO4)3@rGO//Bi2S3/rGO sodium ion full cells were successfully assembled which displays stable performance after 60 cycles at 100 mA·g−1. The above results demonstrate that Bi2S3/rGO has application potential as high performance bi-functional anode for PIBs and SIBs.
Al/Cu dissimilar joint has been widely produced by using friction stir welding (FSW), but the weld quality remains limited. A recently developed ultrasonic 相似文献
The spinterface formed between ferromagnetic(FM)electrode and organic materials is vital for performance optimization in organic spin valve(OSV).Half-metallic Fe3O4with drastic change in structure,conductivity and magnetic property near Verwey transition can serve as an intrinsic spinterface regulator.However,such modulating effect of Fe3O4in OSV has not been comprehensively investigated,especially below the Verwey transition temperature(Tv).Here,we highlight the important role of Fe3O4electrode in reliable-working and controllable Fe3O4/P3HT/Co polymer spin valves by investigating the magnetoresistance(MR)above and below 7V.In order to distinguish between different contributions to charge transport and related MR responses,the systematic electronic and magnetic characterizations were carried out in full temperature range.Particularly,the first-order metal-insulator transition in Fe3O4has a dramatic effect on the MR enhancement of polymer spin valves at 7V.Moreover,both the conducting mode transformation and MR line shape modulation could be accomplished across 7V.This research renders unique scenario to multimodal storage by external thermodynamic parameters,and further reveals the importance of spin-dependent interfacial modification in polymer spin valves. 相似文献
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - There is a class of typical nonlinear industrial process, which can be characterized by a first-order inertia plus pure delay model in an... 相似文献