The role of remote sensing on studying mangrove forest extent change

ABSTRACT

Given the ability of effectively observing vegetation at a variety of spatial and temporal scales, remote sensing has been widely used to monitor and understand the change of mangrove forest extent. Yet, a systematic cognition of the unique contribution of remote sensing on studying mangrove forest extent dynamic is lacking, which prevents us from clearly identifying and further overcoming current deficiencies of studying the change of mangrove forest extent with remote sensing. Therefore, in this review, we summarized remotely sensed extraction methods and data related to mangrove forest extent change monitoring and all discoveries from mangrove forest extent change observation and driver analysis. We found that mangrove forest in most of the study areas has declined over the past decades, and the loss rate is accelerating. We also found that remote sensing plays an important role in revealing how the extent of mangrove forest responds to climate change and human impacts. In addition, we identified several recurring limitations from previous studies. This review highlights the role of remote sensing on studying mangrove forest extent change, and is helpful to make better use of remotely sensed data in this field.     

液态金属微液滴脉动热管的传热性能

利用室温液态金属和表面活性剂溶液混合工质的振荡运动,在脉动热管中形成液态金属微纳液滴分散的高热导率混合流体并提高其传热性能。本文将液态金属表面活性剂混合工质引入六弯管板式脉动热管中,在不同液态金属填充量和加热功率下开展可视化和传热性能实验。实验结果表明,液态金属在表面活性剂混合工质中通过振荡自分散成球形液滴且相互之间不易发生合并,并在表面活性剂工质中留下粒径在410~520nm的纳米颗粒。传热性能方面,液态金属填充量在20%~25%时,液态金属球形液滴的黏度高、质量大,会阻碍混合工质的振荡运动从而降低脉动热管的传热性能,填充量在5%~10%时,混合工质耦合了液态金属的高热导率特性,有效提高传热性能,热阻最多降低11.21%。     

基于开尔文探针技术的磷酸铁锂表面势研究

依托新颖的表面表征技术开尔文探针力显微镜（KPFM）获悉磷酸铁锂表面势的情况,以期深入研究锂离子在磷酸铁锂表面的动力学行为。研究结果表明,磷酸铁锂薄膜在常温下的功函数为5.38 eV,并且其功函数随着外界温度的上升而呈现出逐渐下降的趋势,在80 ℃时的功函数为4.69 eV。此现象意味着高温状况下的磷酸铁锂具有较好的电子迁移能力。此外,非原位的开尔文探针检测发现不同电压平衡状态下的磷酸铁锂具有不同的表面功函数。充电至4.3 V时,磷酸铁锂功函数为4.91 eV,放电至2.5 V时,功函数稳定在5.01 eV。显然,磷酸铁锂的功函数非常敏感于表面的锂离子脱出量。研究从功函数的新角度探究磷酸铁锂表面的锂离子动力学行为,期望能够为其他储能材料的脱锂过程研究提供参考。     

UHPC浆体的工作性和流变性与颗粒膜层厚度的关系

建立超高性能混凝土(UHPC)浆体的工作性和流变性之间的关系可从理论上研究其工作性变化规律。本文以颗粒膜层厚度为UHPC浆体的工作性的综合衡量指标,设计了正交试验,研究水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响。根据流动度和流变性测试结果,分析了水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响,探究了UHPC的净浆与砂浆的工作性关系,基于浆膜层厚度给出了UHPC砂浆的工作性与流变性的关系式。研究结果表明:水胶比是UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的最主要影响因素,水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量提高均造成UHPC浆体的颗粒表面膜层厚度增大;水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用下,UHPC浆体的流动度和黏度系数具有相关性。     

Synthesis of Al2O3-SiC powder from electroceramics waste and its application in low-carbon MgO-C refractories

Composite additives are an efficient means to improve the high-temperature stability and slag resistance of low-carbon MgO-C refractories. In this work, Al₂O₃-SiC powder was firstly synthesized from electroceramics waste by carbon embedded method at 1500°C, 1550°C, and 1600°C for 4 h, and then the as-synthesized Al₂O₃-SiC powder was used as an additive to low-carbon MgO-C refractories. The effects of its addition amounts of 0, 2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.% on the properties of the refractories were investigated in detail. It was found that increasing the heat treatment temperature is beneficial to the phase conversion of mullite and quartz to alumina and silicon carbide in the electroceramics waste. Furthermore, the addition of Al₂O₃-SiC powder effectively improves the performance of low-carbon MgO-C samples, and the formation of spinel dense layer and high-viscosity isolation layer is the internal reason for the improvement of the oxidation resistance and slag resistance of low-carbon MgO-C samples. This work provides ideas for the reuse of electroceramics waste and presents an alternative strategy for the performance optimization of low-carbon MgO-C refractories.     

Synthesis and characterization of Y_2O_2S:Eu~(3+),Mg~(2+),Ti~(4+) nanorods via a solvothermal routine

Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+ nanorods were prepared by a solvothermal procedure.Rod-like Y(OH)3 was firstly synthesized by hydrothermal method to serve as the precursor.Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+ powders were obtained by calcinating the precursor at CS2 atmosphere.The Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+ phosphor with diameters of 30-50 nm and lengths up to 200-400 nm inherited the rod-like shape from the precursor after calcined at CS2 atmosphere.The Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+ nanorods showed hexagonal pure phase,good dispersion and exhibite...     

复合核苷氧钒配合物(VRC)的合成及对RNA酶的抑制效应

运用改进的有机溶剂助溶法合成了复合核苷氧钒配合物（VRC）——一种强的核糖核酸酶（RNAase)抑制剂，并经紫外差谱、红外光谱、顺磁共振光谱研究了核苷与氧钒离子在不同pH值和不同金属/核苷比中的结合及结合方式。实验结果表明，用本法制备的VRC在保护核糖核酸免受核糖核酸酶的降解方面与国外同类产品具有同样的效能，与蛋白类的核糖核酸酶抑制剂RNAasin相比，可在较高的温度下发挥核糖核酸酶抑制剂的作用。     

Exploring injection prevention technologies for security-aware distributed collaborative manufacturing on the Semantic Web

Security is one of the key challenges for the development of distributed collaborative manufacturing systems. Most of the access control models of collaborative systems cannot prevent illegal accesses to column/row levels of a database table, which could be caused by command injection. This paper firstly presents the possible injection attacks in RDBMS-based collaborative system on the Semantic Web and gives their classification. Based on this classification, the paper then describes an attempt at detecting command injections to the distributed collaborative manufacturing systems by comparing the inputs related nodes that are intended with the resulting parse tree in run time. To validate the proposed approach, a prototype system called “SemGuard” has been developed. By testing on two commonly used RDF databases and one real Semantic Web application, it shows that SemGuard is efficient, taking less than 10 ms overhead to protect the context information of a distributed collaborative manufacturing system.