Protein hydrolysates from animal processing by-products as a source of bioactive molecules with interest in animal feeding: A review

Industrial processing of livestock, poultry and fish produces a large amount of waste in a solid or liquid form that can either be destroyed or be used to make compost, biogas or other low-added value products. However, the by-products from animal processing industries have a potential for conversion into useful products of higher value, such as protein hydrolysates, with interesting applications in animal feed. Low amounts of animal protein hydrolysates included in aqua-feeds may enhance growth rate and feed conversion of farmed fish and crustacean. Animal protein hydrolysates may also be incorporated in diets to enhance the nonspecific immunity of fish. As well, these hydrolysates can be used as a good source of amino acids for newly weaned animals. Protein hydrolysates from animal by-products including antimicrobials, antioxidants, opioid-like and/or other interesting bioactive molecules have promising and interesting applications on companion and production animals. By-products from animal processing industries are therefore a promising source of bioactive peptides of considerable interest for animal care, always within the framework of the existing legislation. Possible drawbacks and future trends of the use of animal by-products and/or production of protein hydrolysates from those materials are also discussed.     

Adaptive Neural Network Finite-Time Control for Uncertain Robotic Manipulators

An adaptive neural network finite-time controller (NNFTC) for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed by using the backstepping method, which employs an adaptive neural network (NN) system to approximate the structure uncertainties and uses a variable structure term to compensate the approximation errors, thus improving the robustness of the system to external disturbances. The controller is then applied to uncertain robotic manipulators, with a control objective of driving the system state to the original equilibrium point. It is proved that the closed-loop system is finite-time stable. Moreover, simulated and experimental results indicate that the proposed NNFTC is effective and robust.     

微液滴现象与大气腐蚀——Ⅰ.微液滴的形成与扩展

采用改变相对湿度、无机盐粒/金属组合和环境气氛等参数的方法研究了微液滴形成、生长的特征及其与大气腐蚀过程的关系.结果表明,微液滴形成和生长与气氛中氧和相对湿度及盐粒/金属组合密切相关.在大气环境中,微液滴形成和生长需要两个前提条件:第一,环境相对湿度须高于盐粒水解液滴液面的饱和蒸气压;第二,水解液滴下的金属应能被液滴腐蚀.     

微液滴现象与大气腐蚀——Ⅱ.微液滴现象的电化学表征

用扫描Kelyin探头和电化学极化等手段,研究了微液滴现象与大气腐蚀的电化学过程之间的相关性.扫描Kelvin探头测定主液滴周围的电位分布显示,微液滴只在表面的正电性区域出现;当有微液滴形成时,火山形电位分布的峰高且宽、谷深且窄;同时,峰变宽的速率与微液滴的扩展速率近似相等.电化学极化结果显示,微液滴的成核速率随极化电流的增加而线性加速,促使大气腐蚀过程发生的电位差和相应的腐蚀电流是微液滴形成和发展的推动力.     

冷辗扩机圆度辊随动约束力与随动位置分析

为保证环件圆度、提高环件精度,必须对冷辗扩机圆度辊进行力和位置的实时控制与调节,这是冷辗扩工艺控制中的一个难点。根据冷辗扩原理,分析了冷辗扩过程中圆度辊的随动约束力和随动位置与轧制力及环件瞬时外圆半径的关系,得到了一个数学模型,为圆度辊机构的设计和控制提供了理论依据。     

Group decision making with multi-attribute interval data

The aim of this paper is to present a group decision making methodology, in which the decision information, including the attribute values, attribute weights and weights of decision makers, is expressed in interval data. An extended TOPSIS technique is twice used in the proposed method, which is first used to determine the weights of decision makers, and second used to rank the preference order of alternatives. There is no aggregation of decision information in decision process, except that the ideal decisions as auxiliary decision tools are used in decision process. We give a comparison with another method for group decision making to show the technical advance of reported method. Additionally, we also give a real life application for supplier selection and a discussion to test the effectiveness and practical implications of the proposed method.     

基于Euclid算法的广义猫映射构造方法及在图像置乱中的应用

基于欧几里得算法求乘法逆元的思想,提出了两种构造广义猫映射的简单方法。一种基于Fibonacci序列,一种基于Dirichlet序列;还给出了结合这两个序列的构造方法。仿真实验表明广义猫映射的变换周期是可变的并且相对于猫映射更大,从而有较好的置乱效果,这也使得它的安全性优于猫映射和Fibonacci等置乱变换。在图像信息隐蔽存储与传输中,这类图像变换具有重大的应用价值,为图像置乱提供了更坚实的理论基础。     

一种利用XML和XSLT生成数据库访问层代码的方法

设计了一种生成数据库访问层程序代码的方法。该方法先从现有数据库或PowerDesigner模型文件中解析出数据库架构信息,并将这些信息用XML格式描述,然后利用XSLT将该XML格式文件转换为用高级程序语言表示的程序代码．     

基于UML的面向对象方法的研究与应用

传统的软件开发方法存在软件重用性差、可维护性差、生产效率低等弊端.为了满足用户的需求,采用面向对象方法势在必行.通过对UML建模和PUP思想进行综合研究,开发了一个基于UML的面向对象软件开发方法的小型物流管理系统.并对系统体系结构分析、需求分析、概要设计等作详细的介绍.