Effect of strain rate on the dynamic compressive mechanical behaviors of rock material subjected to high temperatures

Strain rate is not only an important measure to characterize the deformation property, but also an important parameter to analyze the dynamic mechanical properties of rock materials. In this paper, by using the SHPB test system improved with high temperature device, the dynamic compressive tests of sandstone at seven temperatures in the range of room temperature to 1000 °C and five impact velocities in the range of 11.0–15.0 m/s were conducted. Investigations were carried out on the influences of strain rate on dynamic compressive mechanical behaviors of sandstone. The results of the study indicate that the enhancement effects of strain rates on dynamic compressive strength, peak strain, energy absorption ratio of sandstone under high temperatures still exist. However, the increase ratios of dynamic compressive strength, peak strain, and energy absorption ratio of rock under high temperature compared to room temperature have no obvious strain rate effects. The temperatures at which the strain rates affect dynamic compressive strength and peak strain most, are 800, and 1000 °C, respectively. The temperatures at which the strain rates affect dynamic compressive strength and peak strain weakest, are 1000 °C, and room temperature, respectively. At 200 and 800 °C, the strain rate effect on energy absorption ratio are most significant, while at 1000 °C, it is weakest. There are no obvious strain rate effects on elastic modulus and increase ratio of elastic modulus under high temperatures. According to test results, the relationship formula of strain rate with high temperature and impact load was derived by internalizing fitting parameters. Compared with the strain rate effect at room temperature condition, essential differences have occurred in the strain rate effect of rock material under the influence of high temperature.     

Al–Si cast alloys under isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue conditions

This work presents a survey of the isothermal and anisothermal fatigue behavior of aluminum casting alloys obtained from different processes. Experimental results have shown that porosity, especially large and irregular pores, provides the main factor in decreasing fatigue properties of the tested alloys. In materials with similar porosity levels, other microstructural factors became relevant such as, matrix morphology and the amount of alloying elements. Fractographic analyses showed that fatigue cracks preferentially start to propagate in microcracks or interdendritic shrinkage usually located next to the surface. In most cases, propagation takes place in the eutectic phase, although in the thixoformed material, a transition from transgranular to intergranular mode was observed in the crack propagation mode.     

低速翼型绕流的多模态耦合与流动稳定性研究

采用非线性动力学理论对翼型绕流的多模态耦合机制进行研究,并阐释模态耦合作用与流动稳定性的关系。通过特征线有限元方法对翼型绕流问题进行数值计算,建立非定常流场数据库。为了分析流动稳定性和流动特征,利用本征正交分解提取流场中的特征模态,从而分析翼型绕流非定常流场的特征模态之间的相互作用关系,并给出了非线性流体动力系统中的不同模态作用与流动稳定性的关系。     

体扫描显示系统中螺旋旋转屏及螺旋切片生成算法

为了改善平面旋转屏体扫描显示系统中存在的成像空间较小、体素数量较少和体素重叠死区严重等缺陷,系统采用螺旋旋转屏构建体3维显示系统的成像空间。根据螺旋屏旋转构成的成像空间的特点,提出了利用螺旋面的素线和3维模型的三角面片求交的算法生成螺旋切片。该算法根据螺旋旋转屏的不同旋转位置的角度信息,把3维模型离散成有序的螺旋切片序列。实验结果表明,螺旋旋转屏的性能优越以及所提出的算法方便有效。     

层状双周期结构声子晶体带隙特性研究

设计了一种层状五组元双周期结构声子晶体,并将其等效为一维声子晶体,采用传递矩阵法推导出了该结构的能带结构;在该带隙范围内弹性波或声波的传播能够得到有效抑制,实现对噪声的控制。同时,分析了取消内部周期以后第一带隙的变化以及改变硅橡胶层厚度对第一带隙的影响。结果表明,该结构与简单二元结构相比,在降低带隙频率的同时有效减轻了结构质量,且"内部周期"主要影响带隙宽度;当增加硅橡胶层的厚度时,带隙频率进一步降低。     

基于微秒脉冲激励的飞翼模型等离子体流动控制试验研究

为了改善飞翼布局的大迎角气动特性,采用飞翼全模和半模分别在低速和跨声速风洞中开展了微秒脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体流动控制的试验研究。通过流动显示和测力的试验方法研究了等离子体流动控制的主要作用机制和激励频率与激励电压等对飞翼模型失速特性的影响规律,验证了微秒脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体流动控制技术从低速到亚声速的有效性,有效的试验最高马赫数Ma达到0.6、雷诺数Re达到3.05×10⁶。试验研究表明：微秒脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体通过非定常微尺度压缩波扰动的形式作用于翼面流场,通过频率耦合机制减弱模型的前缘分离涡、抑制翼面的流动分离;无量纲频率F⁺是影响等离子体流动控制效果的重要参数;在低速风洞试验风速V=30 m/s时,无量纲频率F⁺=0.35～1.06的控制效果较好,可将模型的最大升力系数提高25%以上、失速迎角推迟4°;在跨声速风洞试验马赫数Ma=0.6时,无量纲频率F⁺=0.22和F⁺=0.44的控制效果较好,可将模型的最大升力系数分别提高4.72%、4.77%,失速迎角分别推...     

基于Rollout算法的测试不可靠条件下的诊断策略*

实际复杂装备系统测试时存在虚警和漏检,其导致的误诊费用往往超过了测试成本。针对复杂系统故障诊断中诊断精度低、虚警率高的问题,进行了不可靠测试条件下,基于Rollout算法的诊断策略优化方法研究。首先建立综合考虑测试点的故障检测能力、信息量、测试费用以及测试结果信任度的启发函数,然后利用Rollout算法生成诊断策略,最后用阿波罗检测系统实例验证了该算法的优越性。理论和实验表明,Rollout算法的平均测试费用低于贪婪算法,而且计算时间在可接受范围内,因此可用于测试不可靠条件下的诊断策略设计。     

基于先验知识的目标平台识别方法

目标平台识别是雷达侦察任务中的一项重要内容。传统目标平台与辐射源识别结果关联方法未对目标配属辐射源的特征信息进行利用,存在着一定的模糊性。为此提出一种利用数据挖掘对辐射源与目标平台之间存在潜在关系进行挖掘的方法,并以此进行目标平台识别和可信度赋值。该方法实现简单,获得的结果可以直接参与多传感器融合的目标识别处理,具有较强的实用性。     

新型CCAR与CCRP融合式轰炸瞄准原理建模与分析

针对当前现有的轰炸瞄准原理对投弹精度和载机安全性无法兼顾的问题,研究了美军最新改装的某型攻击机上采用的一种全新的CCAR与CCRP融合式轰炸瞄准原理。根据平显画面对该原理进行了总体分析,将其划分为弹道与可达域解算、可达域缩减处理、目标位置预测和瞄准偏差解算与显示4个模块,建立了各模块的数学模型,给出了求解算法,并在Matlab环境下进行了仿真验证。分析了该原理具有与CCRP相同的载机安全性以及比CCRP更简单的操作方式,并具有与CCAR相同的投弹精度的原因。     

Highly ordered porous carbon/wax composites for effective electromagnetic attenuation and shielding

We have demonstrated a highly ordered porous carbon (HOPC) as an effective electromagnetic absorber. The unique porous structures allow HOPC to possess high surface area and establish effective three-dimensional (3D) conductive interconnections at very low filler loading, which is responsible for effective electrical loss in terms of dissipating the induced current in the corresponding wax composites. Owing to the 3D porous frame, the wax composites with 1 and 5 wt% HOPC have shown effective bandwidth ∼2 and ∼4.5 GHz, respectively, which is considerably competitive to the performance found in the carbon nanotube- (CNT) and graphene-based composites of much higher filler loadings. This concept based on porous absorbers demonstrates more advantages in the fabrication of lightweight microwave-absorbing materials. Furthermore, the composite with 20 wt% HOPC has exhibited highly effective electromagnetic shielding performance up to 50 dB, which competes well with what has already been achieved in the composites embedded with CNTs and graphene. The fundamental mechanism based on electrical conductivity and complex impedance suggests specific strategies in the achievement of high-performance composites for electromagnetic attenuation and shielding.