One-pot synthesis of Cu-Ce co-doped SAPO-5/34 hybrid crystal structure catalysts for NH_3-SCR reaction with SO_2 resistance

SAPO-34,SAPO-5/34 based catalysts doped with Cu,Ce as active components were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method by using different amounts of additive(a-cellulose),and their catalytic activities were measured for selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO with NH3.The synthesized Cu-Ce co-doped products switch from cubic SAPO-34,to flower-like aggregated SAPO-5/34,hybrid crystal SAPO-5/34,and finally to spherical aggregated SAPO-34 with the increase of α-cellulose amount.The Cu-Ce co-doped SAPO-5/34 hybrid crystal structure catalysts with 0.75 mol ratios of C/P(Cu-Ce/SP-0.75)exhibit excellent NH3-SCR activity with higher than 90% NO_x conversion in the temperature range of 180-450℃,at WHSV of 20000 mL/(g·h).Furthermore,the catalyst displays outstanding sulfur resistance and NO_X conversion maintains above 90% at 200-450℃ after adding 100 ppm of SO_2.The characteristic results suggest that the high deNO_X performance of Cu-Ce/SP-0.75 is due to the enhanced accessibility,abundant activity species,excellent redox property and high adsorptive and activated capacity for NH3.     

苯并𫫇嗪树脂研究进展

聚苯并嗪树脂（PBZ）是一类杂环聚合物材料,具有优异的热稳定性、高的抗拉强度和良好的耐化学性,在航空复合材料、共混物和电子电路板等许多领域得到了应用。本文概述了制备苯并嗪（BZ）单体的三种路线及合成方法,总结了在无催化剂条件下BZ单体的阳离子开环聚合（ROP）机理;详细阐述了含可固化基团的功能化BZ单体的种类以及可固化基团对PBZ树脂性能的影响,同样也详细论述了不含可固化基团的功能化BZ单体的结构性能以及研究现状。通过分子设计,科研人员已制备出了单官能团取代、双官能团取代、可聚合官能团取代的BZ单体,以及高分子量主链的BZ和主链含有BZ单元的化合物材料;简述了PBZ复合材料的研究进展,指出了PBZ树脂存在加工温度高、经典的PBZ脆性大的缺点以及产生的原因,最后指出苯并嗪树脂的发展方向为制备绿色生物基BZ、PBZ复合材料的改性以及合成新结构的功能性BZ。     

聚苯乙烯-烯丙基硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料的制备及吸附性能的研究

以苯乙烯、丙烯基硫脲和纳米二氧化钛为原料,经聚合反应制备了聚苯乙烯-烯丙基硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料。采用红外光谱法、扫描电镜、X射线能谱法对其结构及元素组成进行了分析。以这种复合材料作为固相萃取填料,对重金属离子进行吸附试验,并以ICP-MS为检测手段,分别考察了流速和洗脱液对该填料吸附性能和回收率的影响。结果表明:这种复合材料对Ag+、Pb2+和Cr3+的吸附容量分别为13.51 mg/g、12.42 mg/g和5.30 mg/g,SPE/ICP-MS联用的这种方法的最低检出限分别为0.771、0.849和0.497μg/L。     

离子液晶中间体4,4′-二羟基偶氮苯的合成及表征

以对氨基苯酚与盐酸反应合成氯化重氮盐,再将氯化重氮盐滴入苯酚水溶液中,通过偶合反应合成4,4′-二羟基偶氮苯,并通过重结晶和柱层析等手段对化合物进行纯化和结构表征,并摸索合成的最佳实验条件,提高产率,该物质是合成偶氮型离子液晶化合物的重要中间体。     

硅胶表面罗丹明B分子印迹聚合物的制备及其性能研究

以表面接枝乙烯基的硅胶为载体,罗丹明B为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,制备了表面印迹聚合物微球。通过静态吸附对吸附性能进行分析。结果表明,该印迹聚合物对模板分子具有特异吸附性能,并将其应用于固相萃取,测得罗丹明B的加标回收率为94.4%~101.2%,相对标准偏差(n=3)的范围为2.4%~3.4%。     

聚苯乙烯硫代氨基脲螯合树脂的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附性能研究

以苯乙烯为单体采用分散聚合法合成聚苯乙烯微球,1,4-二氯甲氧基丁烷与聚苯乙烯反应得到氯甲基化聚苯乙烯,用氯甲基化聚苯乙烯与硫代氨基脲反应得到的聚苯乙烯硫代氨基脲螯合树脂。采用红外光谱法、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱对其结构及元素组成进行分析。考察了聚苯乙烯硫代氨基脲螯合树脂对Ag+、Cu2+、Pb2+和Cr3+重金属离子的吸附性能。聚苯乙烯硫代氨基脲螯合树脂对Ag+、Cu2+、Pb2+和Cr3+的吸附容量分别为16.38 mg/g、15.25 mg/g、13.69 mg/g和13.12 mg/g。     

金属掺杂介孔分子筛MCM-41的合成及结构表征

采用水热法合成了不同金属原子(M=Ce,Y,Nd)掺杂的MCM-41介孔分子筛M-MCM-41,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)对M-MCM-41介孔分子筛的介孔结构,金属化合价态及表面酸性进行表征。结果表明,M-MCM-41介孔分子筛仍具有典型的六方介孔结构特征,样品比表面积、孔容积降低,孔径增大,引入分子筛中金属元素以M3+形态存在,金属离子的掺杂使M-MCM-41产生酸性位,对应中强酸。     

玄武岩短纤维增强硅橡胶复合材料的制备及性能

采用玄武岩短纤维(BF)增强硅橡胶,制备了BF/硅橡胶复合材料,考察了硅烷偶联剂的种类、BF用量以及硫化条件对复合材料力学性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的微观形貌。结果表明,用KH 550对BF进行表面处理,所得复合材料的力学性能优于以Si 69处理的材料;当BF用量为20份时,BF/硅橡胶复合材料的力学性能最好;制备复合材料的最佳硫化条件为10 MPa×175℃×25 min;用KH 550处理BF,BF与硅橡胶的相容性比用Si 69处理的好。     

Environmentally friendly preparation of a strong basic anion exchange fibers and its application in sugar decolorization

An efficient route for the synthesis of a strong basic anion exchange fibers is described. In this synthesis route, the commercially available p-chloromethylstyrene was directly grafted onto a polypropylene fiber substrate, which eliminated the need of the highly carcinogenic chloromethyl methyl ether in the chloromethylation of grafting fiber. Several interdependent parameters such as monomer concentration, bath ratio and the influence of solvents on the grafting copolymerization were investigated. The removal efficiency of sugar colorants by the anion exchange fibers was evaluated. The results show that simultaneous irradiation and grafting p-chloromethylstyrene onto polypropylene fiber can obtain a good grafting level under appropriate conditions. The optimal monomer concentration and bath ratio are 40% and 1:30 for a moderate grafting degree and the suitable solvent is toluene. The grafted fiber changed from flexible to rigid. And the prepared material maintains stable before 134.5 °C. The static ion exchange capacity of the synthesized anion exchange fiber is up to 4.72 mmol g⁻¹ and the fiber possesses better ability to remove sugar colorants. The experimental results indicate that the decolorization ratio of the product anion exchange fibers was greater than that of commercial material.     

Effect of stoichiometry and milling processes in the synthesis and the piezoelectric properties of modified KNN nanoparticles by solid state reaction

Nanoparticles in the system (K,Na,Li)(Nb,Ta,Sb)O₃, modified KNN, were synthesized following a solid state reaction procedure. Milling of the individual carbonate and oxide raw materials was carried out before mixing of the components to optimize particle size. These mixtures were calcined at 700 °C for 2 h, obtaining nanoparticles with size ranging between 50 and 200 nm. The optimization of the raw materials particle size and the particle refinement of the carbonates during their decomposition play a key role in the formation of the modified KNN nanoparticles by solid state route. The obtained nanoparticles show tetragonal and orthorhombic phases coexistence that could be attributed in part to the lack of homogeneity of cations distribution confirmed by EDS analysis. The K⁺ cation excess on the modified KNN system produces a displacement of Li⁺ cations from the perovskite structure that is the origin of the stabilization of the orthorhombic symmetry. These nanoparticles are used to sintered ceramics with good piezoelectric properties without needing of anisotropic preparation methods. The sintered ceramics show resistance to hygroscopicity and deliquescence.