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51.
为获得金属表面特别是高副接触金属表面含自润滑特性且具有高硬度耐磨特性的功能材料 ,研究了 45 # 钢表面激光合金化氮化硅 /石墨复合涂层的工艺方法、组织特征、界面形态及其形成机制 ,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线能谱对所形成合金化层的元素分布和含量进行了分析 ,并对试样硬度进行了测定。结果表明 ,合金化层中元素Fe ,Co ,Si,C分布均匀 ;C含量达到了 15 6 9%,大部分以石墨的形式存在 ,具有一定的自润滑性能 ;但在形成合金化层的温度条件下 ,氮化硅分解严重 ;合金化层硬度提高的主要原因是Si Fe ,Co Fe固溶体的强化作用及高碳马氏体的生成和高硬度碳化物的存在。 相似文献
52.
《Information and Software Technology》2006,48(1):31-42
Traditional testing techniques are not adequate for web-based applications, since they miss their additional features such as their multi-tier nature, hyperlink-based structure, and event-driven feature. Limited work has been done on testing web applications. In this paper, we propose new techniques for white box testing of web applications developed in the .NET environment with emphasis on their event-driven feature. We extend recent work on modeling of web applications by enhancing previous dependence graphs and proposing an event-based dependence graph model. We apply data flow testing techniques to these dependence graphs and propose an event flow testing technique. Also, we present a few coverage testing approaches for web applications. Further, we propose mutation testing operators for evaluating the adequacy of web application tests. 相似文献
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《Food Control》2006,17(8):631-636
Recently, DNA-based techniques became very common for the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food products. For rapid and easy detection of GMOs, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening methods, which amplify common transgenic elements, are applied in routine analysis. Incorporation of PCR and membrane method introduced in this study offer an alternative detection of GMOs. In this study, a total of 32 samples and three certified reference materials were tested for the existence of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and 5-enol-pyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene residues. Dot blot screening system introduced in this study can be routinely used as a semi-quantitative screening of GMOs. 相似文献
56.
Properties of high reinforcement-content aluminum matrix composite for electronic packages 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Gaohui Wu Qiang Zhang Guoqin Chen Longtao Jiang Ziyang Xiu 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2003,14(1):9-12
Aluminum matrix composites reinforced by a high volume fraction of ceramic particles provide a novel solution to electronic packaging technology, because of their high thermal conductivity, compatible and tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) with chips or substrates, low weight, enhanced specific stiffness, and low cost. In this paper, SiC-particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites are fabricated by the cost-effective squeeze-casting technology, and their microstructure characteristics, thermo-physical, and mechanical properties are investigated. The reinforcement volume fraction is as high as 70% and composites with linear CTE of 6.9–9.7×10–6 °C–1 and thermal conductivity of 120–170 W m–1 °C–1 are produced. The composites can be electric-discharge machined, ground, and electric-spark drilled. An electroless nickel layer is plated on the composite by the conventional procedures. Finally, their potential applications in electronic packaging and thermal management are illustrated via prototype examples. 相似文献
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Yanqiu Shao Jiqing Han Ting Liu Yongzhen Zhao 《International Journal of Speech Technology》2007,10(1):45-55
In real speech, not like lexical words (LWs), prosodic words (PWs) are basic rhythmic units. The naturalness of a Text-to-Speech
(TTS) system is directly influenced by the segmentation of the PWs. Most of the PWs are the combination of several LWs. In
this paper, three Lexical Combination Models are proposed to combine LWs into PWs, including a Directed Acyclic Graph Model,
a Segmentation Model and a Markov Model (MM). To cope with the situation where some long LWs should be segmented into two
or more PWs, a Lexical Split Model (LSM) is applied to the long LWs. Experimental results prove that relatively constant results
with various training data can be obtained from a MM. The Transformation-Based Error Driven Learning (TBED) algorithm, for
its high performance of individual property, is applied in combination with the MM to improve the precision of PW segmentation.
Experiments show that among the three proposed models, the MM combined with TBED and LSM, leads to the best performance, in
which a precision of 93.00% and a recall of 93.23% are achieved. The perception test indicates that by using PWs as the lowest
prosodic units a speech sounds more natural and acceptable than by using LWs.
This paper is supported by NSFC Project (60503071); 973 Natural Basic Research Program of China (2004CB318102); Postdoctor
Science Foundation of P. R. China (20070420275). 相似文献
60.
本文研究了在线性常参数多变量系统x=Ax+Bu,y=Cx中,引进串联PID和PID-D
调节器,以任意配置闭路极点的问题.文中导出了闭路系统特征方程的m×m维多项式矩阵
行列式表示式,据此建立了设计PID和PID-D调节器的简单方法,给出了可任意配置的闭路
极点数,并给出了计算[sI-At]-1Ct矩阵右既约分解矩阵的新算法. 相似文献