Investigation on gradient material fabrication with electron beam melting based on scanning track control

A new electron beam control system was developed in a general vacuum electron beam machine by assembling with industrial control computer, programmable logic control （PLC）, deflection coil, data acquisition card, power amplifier, etc. In this control system, scanning track and energy distribution of electron beam could be edited off-line, real-time adjusted and controlled on-line. Ti-Mo gradient material （GM） with high temperature resistant was fabricated using the technology of electron beam melting. The melting processes include three steps, such as preheating, melting, and homogenizing. The results show that the GM prepared by melting technology has fine appearance, and it has good integrated interface with the Ti alloy. Mo and Ti elements are gradually distributed in the inter.face of the gradient material. The microstructure close to the Ti alloy base metal is α ＋ β basket-waver grain, and the microstructure close to the GM is a single phase of β solid solution.     

下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率影响因素

下喷式环流反应器是一种用于强化气-液两相反应过程的新型装置，虽然已在工业上有了较广泛的应用，但对其理论研究远未成熟，其工业装置的设计仍依赖于实验和经验。本文借助实验室自制实验装置，对下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率的影响规律进行了研究。首先，对喷射器的吸气量进行了测量，获得了不同条件下喷射器最大吸气量的性能曲线；在此基础上，分别研究了气相流量、液相流量以及喷射器安装位置对环隙气含率的影响规律。结果表明：气相流量和液相流量对气含率具有重要的影响，随着气相流量和液相流量的增大，气含率快速提高，而喷嘴位置对气含率的影响相对较小；考虑到增加气相流量和液相流量所需要的能耗和设备代价，通过增加液相流量来达到提高气含率的目的是优选方案。     

新型工程轮胎定型硫化机的设计

介绍了一种新型液压定型硫化机的结构,对一些形状复杂、受力苛刻的零件进行了有限元力学分析,使设计的零件参数更合理,结构更加紧凑,机器的使用性能更好。     

基于塔板组成线的多组分精馏设计方法研究

介绍了精馏过程图解法设计的基本概念,根据塔板组成线的定义,推导出了塔板组成线的基本方程并给出了便于图解设计的塔板组成线作图规则.在研究塔板组成线性质的基础上,提出了可在不给定回流比和再沸比的条件下,同时获得多组可行设计方案的塔板组成线精馏设计策略.首先通过选择设计变量确定产品组成,由产品操作叶判断塔设计的可行性;然后对操作叶重叠的产品组成作塔板组成线图,找到多组可行设计方案;最后针对不同的目标,对众多方案进行筛选,找到最佳的设计和操作参数,从而完成精馏塔的设计.对理想和非理想物系进行的实例研究结果表明,由塔板组成线设计法得到的计算结果优于Fenske-Underwood简捷法,与Aspen plus的模拟结果吻合较好.     

载体预处理对Pd/C催化剂催化性能的影响

研究了活性炭硝酸表面改性对以其为载体制备的负载钯催化剂性能的影响。利用表面官能团滴定、N₂物理吸附和扫描电镜对催化剂进行表征，以邻硝基氯苯催化加氢制备2，2'-二氯氢化偶氮苯反应为模型反应对催化剂的性能进行评价。结果表明，经过不同浓度的HNO₃处理，活性炭孔结构性能变化不大，但是活性炭表面酸性含氧基团的浓度有了较大程度的增长，为Pd金属粒子的沉积提供了大量的吸附位，提高了Pd金属的分散度，从而制得高活性的Pd/C催化剂。通过30%HNO₃ 60 ℃水浴中回流4 h处理的活性炭可以达到最佳效果，所制得催化剂的活性是以未经硝酸处理过的活性炭载体制备的催化剂活性的2.3倍。     

On the involvement of radical oxygen species O− in catalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol by nitrous oxide

Catalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol by nitrous oxide over Fe-MFI zeolites was studied in relation to the active oxygen species taking part in the oxidation. A linear dependence of the reaction rate on the concentration of independently identified active sites generating O⁻ radicals (α sites) was obtained within a broad range of values. The dependence is interpreted as convincing evidence of the O⁻ involvement in the catalytic (not only stoichiometric) oxidation of benzene to phenol. This conclusion is of particular importance in connection with a long discussion in the literature on a possible role of O⁻ radicals in selective oxidation catalysis over V and Mo oxides. Reliable evidence of the catalytic role of O⁻ obtained with zeolites may renew general interest in the once-suggested but not recognized role of radical oxygen in oxidation over widely used metal oxide catalysts.     

Continuous finite element schemes for a phase field model in two-layer fluid Bénard–Marangoni convection computations

In this article, we study a phase field model for a two-layer fluid where the temperature dependence of both the density (buoyancy forces) and the surface tension (Marangoni effects) is considered. The phase field model consisting of a modified Navier–Stokes equation, a Cahn–Hilliard phase field equation and an energy transport equation is derived through an energetic variational procedure. An appropriate variational form and a continuous finite element method are adopted to maintain the underlying energy law to its greatest extent. A few examples for Bénard–Marangoni convection in an Acetonitrile and n-Hexane two-layer fluid system heated from above will be computed to justify our phase field model and further show the good performance of our methods. In addition, an interesting experiment will be performed to show the competition between the Marangoni effects and the buoyancy forces.     

野生植物金银忍冬营养成分的测定

对野生植物金银忍冬的营养成分进行了分析,结果表明,金银忍冬中含有至少17种氨基酸,丰富的维生素、矿质元素及其它多种营养成分.为开发利用植物资源提供了科学依据.     

可溶性碳纳米管与NR或CIIR复合材料性能的研究

通过有机改性制备可溶性碳纳米管（s—CNTs），采用溶液共沉法制备s—CNTs／NR和s—CNTs／CIIR复合材料，并对复合材料的性能进行研究。结果表明，通过有机改性制备的s—CNTs可均匀地分散于有机溶剂中；随s—CNTs用量增大，s-CNTs／NR复合材料邵尔A型硬度和密度增大，拉伸强度和拉断伸长率先增大后减小，s—CNTs／CIIR复合材料邵尔A型硬度和密度均增大，拉伸强度总体呈增大趋势，拉断伸长率变化不大，表面电阻率明显减小。     

衣康酸/苯乙烯磺酸/丙烯酸共聚物阻垢剂的合成研究

以衣康酸(IA)、苯乙烯磺酸(SSA)和丙烯酸(AA)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,异丙醇为链转移剂,在水相中合成了IA/SSA/AA共聚物阻垢剂.通过正交试验确立了最佳合成工艺条件:单体质量比m(IA):m(SSA):m(AA)=2:1:4,引发剂与总单体的质量比为4.5%,链转移剂与总单体质量比为9.5%,在95℃下反应2 h.当IA/SSA/AA共聚物的极限黏数为5.5～6.0 mL/g,实验水中Ca2 的质量浓度为1.6g/L,阻垢剂投加质量浓度为10 mg/L时,共聚物阻CaCO3垢的阻垢率高达91.9%,特别适用于高矿化度的工业循环冷却水和油田回注水.