基于粒子群优化和支持向量机的花粉浓度预测模型

为了提高花粉浓度预报的准确率，解决现有花粉浓度预报准确率不高的问题，提出了一种基于粒子群优化（PSO）算法和支持向量机（SVM）的花粉浓度预报模型。首先，综合考虑气温、气温日较差、相对湿度、降水量、风力、日照时数等多种气象要素，选择与花粉浓度相关性较强的气象要素构成特征向量；其次，利用特征向量与花粉浓度数据建立SVM预测模型，并使用PSO算法找出最优参数；然后利用最优参数优化花粉浓度预测模型；最后，使用优化后的模型对花粉未来24 h浓度进行预测，并与未优化的SVM、多元线性回归法（MLR）、反向神经网络（BPNN）作对比。此外使用优化后的模型对某市南郊观象台和密云两个站点进行逐日花粉浓度预测。实验结果表明，相比其他预报方法，所提方法能有效提高花粉浓度未来24 h预测精度，并具有较高的泛化能力。     

基于近红外光谱技术的马铃薯叶片含水率高效预测

提出了运用近红外光谱技术检测新鲜马铃薯叶片中含水量的方法，并通过预测结果和运算量的对比得出一种高效率的预测方法。采集了900～2100 nm波段范围内110个新鲜马铃薯叶片的光谱反射率信息，经SG（Savitzky-Golay）平滑、多元散射校正（MSC）和标准正态变量变换（SNV）3种预处理后，分别建立偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）模型和BP神经网络模型，再运用回归系数（regression coefficients, RC）法在全波段光谱中提取特征波长，同样经3种预处理后分别建立预测模型。结果表明：在运用光谱全波段信息构建的模型中，经多元散射校正（MSC）预处理建立的BP神经网络模型预测效果最好，预测集决定系数R²为0.9791，均方根误差RMSE为0.3723；在基于特征波长构建的模型中，经SG平滑预处理建立的神经网络模型预测效果最优，预测集决定系数R²为0.9658，均方根误差RMSE为0.4759；验证了特征波段结合BP神经网络建立的模型与全波段建立的模型预测结果相差不大，因而能够极大地减少运算量，提高预测效率。     

Year round test of a solar adsorption ice maker in Kunming,China

A solar adsorption ice maker with activated carbon–methanol adsorption pair was developed for a practical application. Its main features include utilization of a water cooled condenser and removing all valves in the refrigerant circuit except the one that is necessary for refrigerant charging. Year round performance tests of the solar ice maker were performed in Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. Test results show that the COP (coefficient of performance) of the solar ice maker is about 0.083–0.127, and its daily ice production varies within the range of 3.2–6.5 kg/m² under the climatic conditions of daily solar radiation on the surface of the adsorbent bed being about 15–23 MJ/m² and the daily average ambient temperature being within 7.7–21.1 °C. The suitable daily solar radiation under which the solar ice maker can run effectively in Kunming is above 16 MJ/m².     

Papermaking characteristics of three Populus clones grown in the north-central United States

The papermaking properties of 22 pure and hybrid poplars are being evaluated in an on-going investigation. Twenty of the poplars were harvested after 7.5 years from three different sites in the Midwestern and North Central US. The other 2 poplars survived at only two of three sites (64 total samples). The Crandon hybrid had the highest growth rate (t ha⁻¹ y⁻¹) and wood density (both averaged across the 3 sites). This poplar had a high cellulose content (compared to the average), a low lignin content and produced bleached kraft fibers at a high yield (wt.% on wood chips). Further, this poplar responded very well to kraft pulping and oxygen delignification and bleached to the highest final brightness ever observed in our laboratory (94.5% Elrepho). It also produced an 18 kappa number unbleached pulp with <0.5% rejects in only two-thirds the time required for sugar maple (Acer saccharum).We also report on clone 220-5 that had the highest area-weighted average microfibril angle. Pulps from this poplar had excellent tensile properties and further improvements are expected with 1–2 years of additional growth that should result in a small, but significant increase in average fiber length. Some results are also presented for clone 313.55 and aspen (Populus tremuloides) to demonstrate the many substantial benefits that can be accrued from proper wood selection.     

计算机信息处理技术在OA中的应用

着重从计算机信息处理技术的进步给办公自动化带来的影响,以及其在办公自动化中的广泛应用进行相关的阐述。     

独立学院毕业论文管理系统设计与实现

结合独立学院实际情况,以ASP为技术支持,基于B/S结构设计了一个功能完善的网络化的毕业论文管理系统。该系统提供了毕业论文工作的各个管理功能,包括数据的输入输出、插入、更新和删除等。     

Pt-Au二元双金属/氧化石墨烯电化学传感器同时检测尿酸及多巴胺的应用研究

尿酸(UA)是人体最基础的代谢产物,多巴胺(DA)是一种重要的神经递质。二者同时存在于体液当中,其含量对于人体的健康有着极大的影响,因此实现快速、高效、准确的同时检测具有非常重要的意义。该文研制了一种基于Pt-Au二元双金属负载石墨烯的电化学传感器用于尿酸和多巴胺的测定,结果表明Pt-Au和石墨烯的纳米复合物对尿酸和多巴胺具有非常好的催化氧化作用,并且能实现峰的分离(ΔE>200mV),为尿酸和多巴胺的同时测定提供了有力条件。该传感器对尿酸和多巴胺同时测定的检测下限分别为1.996μmol/L和0.999μmol/L,线性范围分别为17.417μmol/L～1259.357μmol/L和2.486μmol/L～260.141μmol/L。基于Pt-Au二元双金属和石墨烯的电化学传感器具有制作简单方便,成本低廉且具有良好的重现性,用于实际样品的同时测定也得到较好的效果。     

浅谈核心路由器的发展趋势

为了满足近年来互联网的迅猛发展要求,网络硬件也随之不断升级。本文通过分析核心路由器的发展过程,就其体系结构设计等方面深入探讨了核心路由器的发展趋势以及前景。     

Phase transition of lithiated-spinel Li2Mn2O4 at high temperature

1 Introduction Lithium manganese oxides are the most attractive cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries because of their low-cost and less toxicity when compared with either cobaltates or nickelates[1?3]. Among these oxides, the spinel-fr…     

金沙江下段植被NDVI变化趋势及其归因

基于MODIS NDVI数据及标准气象站数据、退耕还林资料,辅以空间统计、叠置分析和趋势分析等方法,研究了金沙江下段植被NDVI时空变化特征及其影响因素,结果表明:从年内来看,金沙江下段植被NDVI变化呈单峰型,3月份为最低值0.55,而9月份为最高值0.75,年际上10年以来植被覆盖总体呈现出增长趋势,且这种增长存在显著的空间异质性;研究区植被覆盖较好,植被NDVI平均值为0.65,海拔3 850m以下植被覆盖随海拔上升而增加,超过3 850m后随海拔升高呈降低趋势;年内植被NDVI受降水量的影响较气温更为明显,对两者均有2个月的滞后期,而年际上植被NDVI则受气温变化的影响较降水量更为突出,且大规模的植被恢复工程对金沙江下段植被覆盖的增加有重要贡献。