超低排放改造后烟气余热利用设备存在问题及防治措施

随着火电厂超低排放改造的普遍应用，低温省煤器等烟气余热利用设备获得了广泛应用。本文针对烟气余热利用设备在实际工程应用中所存在的低温腐蚀、磨损、积灰堵塞以及振动等问题，分析了形成原因及主要影响因素，提出了选用耐低温腐蚀性能优异的材料制造换热器，合理设计受热面结构型式，控制烟气流速和受热面金属壁温，加装吹灰设备以及导流板和防振隔板等防治对策，有效地解决了烟气余热利用设备所存在的低温腐蚀、磨损、积灰堵塞以及振动等问题。     

干湿联合冷却塔冷却节水分析软件开发及应用

为实现对干湿联合冷却塔冷却特性、节水特性的综合分析，编制干湿联合冷却塔校核计算流程，基于Visual Studio开发平台，本文开发了干湿联合冷却塔冷却节水特性分析优化软件。通过对某在运干湿联合冷却塔进行冷却节水特性计算，验证了所开发软件计算结果的准确性；在消雾节水计算结果基础上，对标干湿联合消雾冷却塔验收测试规程，生成其成雾频率曲线、耗水量曲线、塔雾指数、冷却特性曲线，综合分析其消雾特性、节水特性及冷却特性，从而确定了干湿联合冷却塔的最佳运行工况。同时运用所开发软件对比分析了某冷却塔设计干段散热面积对其消雾特性、节水特性及冷却特性的耦合影响，并分析了百叶窗开度对干湿联合冷却塔性能的影响，为干湿联合冷却塔的运行优化和设计优化提供了工具性软件支持。     

Material design and development: From classical thermodynamics to CALPHAD and ICME approaches

This paper presents an overview and examples of material design and development using (1) classical thermodynamics; (2) CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagrams) modeling; and (3) Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) approaches. Although the examples are given in lightweight aluminum and magnesium alloys for structural applications, the fundamental methodology and modeling principles are applicable to all materials and engineering applications. The examples in this paper have demonstrated the effectiveness and limitations of classical thermodynamics in solving specific problems (such as nucleation during solidification and solid-state precipitation in aluminum alloys). Computational thermodynamics and CALPHAD modeling, when combined with critical experimental validation, have been used to guide the selection and design of new magnesium alloys for elevated-temperature applications. The future of material design and development will be based on a holistic ICME approach. However, key challenges exist in many aspects of ICME framework, such as the lack of diffusion/mobility databases for many materials systems, limitation of current microstructural modeling capability and integration tools for simulation codes of different length scales.     

Grain size influence on the flexibility and luminous intensity of inorganic CaTiO3:Pr3+ crystal nanofibers

Traditional inorganic materials exhibit rigidity owing to the lack of polymer chains in polymer materials or atom slipping in metals. However, nanometerization has been recently proposed for the conversion of inorganic oxide materials into flexible materials. Herein, the flexible inorganic luminescent material, CaTiO₃:0.2%Pr³⁺, was synthesized through electrospinning, and the macroscopic flexibility of pure inorganic CaTiO₃:0.2%Pr³⁺ was achieved. The flexible membrane was characterized via X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence analyses. The grain size was analyzed at various calcination temperatures via SEM, and the results suggested that the increase in the calcination temperature resulted in the growth of crystal grains. Studies have reported that the growth of crystal grains is beneficial for improving the luminescence performance; however, to obtain better flexibility, smaller crystal grains are required. This study provides an important reference for the design of flexible inorganic materials.     

Graph-based video fingerprinting using double optimal projection

A double optimal projection method that involves projections for intra-cluster and inter-cluster dimensionality reduction are proposed for video fingerprinting. The video is initially set as a graph with frames as its vertices in a high-dimensional space. A similarity measure that can compute the weights of the edges is then proposed. Subsequently, the video frames are partitioned into different clusters based on the graph model. Double optimal projection is used to explore the optimal mapping points in a low-dimensional space to reduce the video dimensions. The statistics and geometrical fingerprints are generated to determine whether a query video is copied from one of the videos in the database. During matching, the video can be roughly matched by utilizing the statistics fingerprint. Further matching is thereafter performed in the corresponding group using geometrical fingerprints. Experimental results show the good performance of the proposed video fingerprinting method in robustness and discrimination.     

基于XML的生活饮用水水质卫生规范描述语言的设计与实现

介绍了基于XML的生活饮用水水质卫生规范标记语言DwqML的设计与实现。DwqML充分运用XML的可扩展性和半结构化数据描述能力，解决了饮用水卫生标准的结构描述复杂性问题，并且详细叙述了DwqML Schema的设计过程。     

Reticulated Porous Multiphase Ceramics with Improved Compressive Strength and Fracture Toughness

A multiphase reticulated porous ceramic (RPC) as Si₃N₄–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ was fabricated by replication techniques. Proper volumes of additives and twice sinter- twice immerse process endow the RPC an excellent crack healing and submerging property. The compressive strength and fracture toughness improved owing to the crack bridging behavior. The existence of pores in struts in RPC blunt the crack tip and increased the external force needed to propagate the crack. The mechanisms play a beneficial role in enhancing the compressive strength and fracture strength. Si₃N₄ RPC with additives of 5%Al and 5% Al₂O₃ yielded the compressive strength of 9.8 MPa and fracture toughness of 0.3 MPa m^1/2.     

数字移动电视的现状与发展前景

随着数字电视的普及推广,数字移动电视应运而生,并得到迅速发展。数字移动电视通常安装在交通工具上,兼具移动性和数字化的特点。它突破了传统电视固定收视的局限,带来了电视传播的新概念。同时,数字移动电视根据自身传播特性,不断探索新的运营模式,并带来一系列的产业链效应,蕴含着无限商机     

Just noticeable distortion model and its applications in video coding

We explore a new perceptually-adaptive video coding (PVC) scheme for hybrid video compression, in order to achieve better perceptual coding quality and operational efficiency. A new just noticeable distortion (JND) estimator for color video is first devised in the image domain. How to efficiently integrate masking effects together is a key issue of JND modelling. We integrate spatial masking factors with the nonlinear additivity model for masking (NAMM). The JND estimator applies to all color components and accounts for the compound impact of luminance masking, texture masking and temporal masking. Extensive subjective viewing confirms that it is capable of determining a more accurate visibility threshold that is close to the actual JND bound in human eyes. Secondly, the image-domain JND profile is incorporated into hybrid video encoding via the JND-adaptive motion estimation and residue filtering process. The scheme works with any prevalent video coding standards and various motion estimation strategies. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, it has been implemented in the MPEG-2 TM5 coder and demonstrated to achieve average improvement of over 18% in motion estimation efficiency, 0.6 dB in average peak signal-to perceptual-noise ratio (PSPNR) and most remarkably, 0.17 dB in the objective coding quality measure (PSNR) on average. Theoretical explanation is presented for the improvement on the objective coding quality measure. With the JND-based motion estimation and residue filtering process, hybrid video encoding can be more efficient and the use of bits is optimized for visual quality.     

Synthesis and two-photon absorption property of new π-conjugated dendritic fluorophores containing styrylpyridyl moieties

Four new multi-branched two-photon absorption chromophores, namely 1-(4-bromobenzal)-3,5-bis(4-((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)phenyl)benzene (4), tris(4-((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)phenyl)-benzene (5), 6-chloro-N²,N⁴-bis(4-((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (6), tris-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine (7), have been synthesized and characterized. One-photon fluorescence, fluorescent quantum yields and two-photon fluorescence have been investigated. The experimental two-photon absorption cross-sections of 4–7 in DMF are 6, 11, 13 GM (pumped by 740 nm laser) and 19 GM (pumped by 800 nm laser), respectively. The calculated two-photon absorption cross-sections of 4–7 are 5.41, 7.67, 9.57 and 76.14 GM, respectively. The two-photon induced fluorescent peak wavelengths of 4–7 in DMF are 421, 425, 474 and 534 nm pumped by 680, 680, 740 and 800 nm laser, respectively. The results show that molecule 7 is a good two-photon absorption fluorophore possessing long two-photon fluorescent lifetime, good fluorescent quantum yield and large two-photon absorption cross-section. The two-photon absorption peak wavelength of molecule 7 is at 800 nm, which is favourable for initiating two-photon photopolymerization.