Evaluation of cutting efficiency during TBM disc cutter excavation within a Korean granitic rock using linear-cutting-machine testing and photogrammetric measurement

In TBM excavation, estimation of cutting performance is of great importance in design stage as well as during construction. The performance is highly dependent on the geological conditions, i.e. characteristics of rock and discontinuities, and operational conditions, i.e. selection of cutter, cutting forces, cutter spacing, etc. For performance estimation, full scale test is most reliable and accurate since it takes full advantage of using real cutter and real size specimen. Linear cutting machine (LCM) is usually used for a full size test to evaluate the cutting performance. This paper presents the results of LCM tests carried out under various cutting conditions to assess the cutting performance of a TBM disc cutter for granitic rock in Korea. In LCM test, the excavated rock volume was determined by ShapeMetrix3D photogrammetric measurement system. This system was employed to ensure the accurate determination of cutting volume and subsequently calculated specific energy (SE). The optimum cutting condition for the Korean granitic rock was obtained at the minimum value of SE. In addition, three-dimensional numerical analysis was performed to simulate the rock cutting behavior in the LCM test. The results of the numerical simulation were closely comparable with the results of the LCM test. This study presents the cutting performance of a disc cutter by LCM test for a Korean granitic rock and demonstrates the applicability of numerical analysis as an alternative for the prediction of the cutting performance.     

Diversity of Aurum bioreduction by Rhodobacter capsulatus

An environmentally friendly method using Rhodobacter capsulatus is proposed to deposit Aurum nanoparticles. Experiments of Au (III) bioreduction were conducted. There were three kinds of locations found of deposited Aurum nanoparticles, outside, inside and on the plasma membrane of the cell, which showed the diversified ability of R. capsulatus to reduce heavy metal. The mechanism for each of them had been discussed. The methods by which R. capsulatus reduced heavy metal could be more diverse than those of other microbes reported before. The capping agent was also found to stabilize the reduced Aurum in supernate. In conclusion PNSB has the powerful and diversified ability of high valent Aurum reduction.     

高铁客运专线高性能混凝土配合比设计及施工常见问题的解决措施

结合高耐久、高性能混凝土配合比的设计方法和聚羧酸系外加剂的性能特点，以及客运专线所处施工环境原材料的实际现状，指出高铁客运专线C30-C50高性能混凝土的配合比设计方法，对混凝土施工中一些常见问题进行原因分析并提出解决措施，以引起有关单位的重视，保证客运专线的混凝土施工质量。     

业主与项目管理机构分工的界面分析

在项目管理的工程中，合理界定受业主委托的项目管理机构与业主之间的管理界面分工，是项目业主与项目管理机构共同关心的问题。文章通过对项目管理机构职能、项目特点、与其组织效果的界面划分原则的研究，提出了一些浅见，仅供广大读者参考。     

油气成藏体系概述及研究方法

油气成藏体系是针对中国陆相叠合盆地提出的油气系统研究新概念,是含油气系统的进一步发展.它是相对独立的油气运聚单元,以"藏"为中心,包括形成油气藏的一切必要元素,即烃源体、输导体和圈闭体,以及这些元素之间的有效配置结构.油气成藏体系可划分为单源一位、单源二位、单源三位、二源二位、二源三位和三源三位共6种结构类型.元素定量评价揭示油气成藏体系内部单元的质量优劣,其关键是地质单因素的选取;成熟度定量描述油气成藏体系的发育演化程度和过程,可将其划分为未成熟、成熟和过成熟3种类型.油气成藏体系适用于多源、混源型油气藏研究,加强系统动态演化和油气分布规律研究,可有效指导探区油气资源和成藏组合评价.     

苏州市相城区水环境状况及污染防治对策

分析了苏州市相城区主要入阳澄湖(水源型湖泊)河道的水质现状,发现各水体水质均超出相应的标准限值,主要污染成因为:面源污染源强大,污水集中处理率偏低,水利工程破坏了天然的水力联系,工业企业布局散乱等。针对该区水环境形势的紧迫性,提出了面源控制、工业生态改造、污水处理、引水冲污、两湖强制性保护等污染防治对策。     

Developing and comparing optimal and empirical land-use models for the development of an urbanized watershed forest in Taiwan

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the utility of optimal spatial models for modeling specific spatial patterns to facilitate rational land-use planning of a watershed in northern Taiwan. Optimization was implemented using simulated annealing in a spatial pattern optimization model (OLPSIM), and developments predicted by the drivers of past land-use changes were modeled with the CLUE-s model. The landscapes simulated by the models were then input to a precipitation-runoff model (the Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System; HEC-HMS) to assess the impact of land-use patterns on runoff in the watershed and sub-watershed scales. The results suggest that the three strategies produced very different landscapes under medium intensity scenarios. Specifically, maximizing the size of forest patches caused deforestation of small forest patches, resulting in a large, complex-shaped, dispersed forest; minimizing forest patch shapes resulted in the dissection of large, complex-shaped forests into smaller, simpler-shaped fragments; and land development based on past trends resulted in the aggregation of urbanized land-use in gentler terrains. The results of hydrological simulations suggest that the three land-use strategies differ less in their total hydrological outputs, but more in their distribution of hydrological outputs across different sub-watersheds. Investigating more spatially explicit hydrologic impacts of urbanization at the sub-basin scale may provide additional information that would help decision-makers evaluate proposed land-use policies more thoroughly.     

孔中测定多含水层渗透流速方法研究

根据钻孔后的实际情况 ,分析了Drost等人点稀释法测量地层渗透性理论的局限性 ,研究了如何在多含水层中系统中孔中存在垂向流时测量流速的方法。将地层分为涌水和吸水两种情况 :对于吸水含水层 ,可以应用广义稀释定理直接求出渗透流速 ;对于涌水含水层 ,又根据它们所处的位置 ,提出解决方法 ,从而大大地扩大了稀释定理测速的范围。     

Effect of interchain interactions on the translocation of polymer chains through small holes

The translocation of polymer chains through a small hole was simulated with the dynamic Monte Carlo method. The dependence of the relaxation time (τ₁) and escaping time (τ₂) on the chain concentration (C) was studied. The interchain interaction played an important role in the translocation process. Different behaviors were discovered at low and high C regions. τ₁ presented a power law behavior with C at low and high C values with exponents of ?1 and ?3, respectively. τ₂ was roughly independent of C at low C values but decreased with power law exponent ?1.3 at high C values. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1200–1205, 2007     

KH560改性双组分室温固化环氧结构胶的制备与性能

将γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)与环氧树脂(EP)预反应,采用黏度计、万能电子材料试验机、红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪,考查了KH560含量对EP/改性聚酰胺室温固化环氧结构胶性能的影响。结果表明,KH560含量从0增加至9质量份(每100份EP中加入量)时,胶体拉伸强度从51 MPa降低至36.5 MPa;压缩强度从79.7 MPa降低至53 MPa;粘接强度从8.7 MPa增至11.7 MPa。同时,固化物的热稳定性也有一定程度提高,未改性及9份KH560改性的EP固化物50%热失重的温度分别为382.1℃与403.6℃。