施工阶段大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥腹板开裂机理

进行了大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥腹板开裂机理研究,基于弹性力学平面问题分析方法,推导了集中荷载作用下的板件应力函数表达式,绘制了不同受压边长与集中荷载长度比（d/a）下的横向应力曲线,拟合了集中荷载作用下构件的横向应力求解函数,构造了混凝土刚构桥腹板在预应力集中荷载作用下等效压力矩形的选取方法,并基于平面应力的表达式提出了在三维情况下沿预应力轴线的横向应力计算方法。通过建立某预应力混凝土刚构桥0~3#段实体有限元模型,分析施工过程中刚构桥混凝土腹板在不同等级预应力作用下的开裂情况。结果显示：有限元裂缝模拟与实桥腹板开裂范围一致,有限元应力分析结果下限值与推导的横向应力求解函数计算结果接近,变化趋势一致,印证了横向应力函数求解方法的正确性。     

The freeze-thaw cycles-time analogy method for forecasting long-term frozen soil strength

To determine the stability of a frozen soil structure, the soil’s long-term shear strength must first be determined. Freeze-thaw cycling is a weathering process in soil (i.e., a process of energy input and output). In cold climates, the freeze-thaw cycle (FTC) has a great influence on long-term strength and stability of soil, which are important considerations for frozen soil engineering. This paper offers a brief introduction to the spherical template indenter and introduces the FTC-time analogy method for forecasting long-term strength of frozen soil. Using the number of cycle repetitions (numbers of freeze-thaw cycles) and the cycle duration (minutes), we calculate the long-term strength of the curve family and their normalized curves, which allows us to predict the long-term frozen soil deformation and strength. Because of the soil transformation that occurs due to the number of repetitions and the duration of FTCs, the results of earlier research can be compared. The FTC-time analogy method can be used to solve problems of forecasting long-term frozen soil strength, as well as for research concerning frozen soil engineering.     

双曲拱桥主拱圈病害分析及其加固方法的研究

针对双曲拱桥主拱圈的常见病害,从力学的角度分析了主拱圈病害的成因,结合双曲拱桥的构造特点,以及某实桥加固后主要力学参数结果,提出了主拱圈的加固改造方法,对同类桥梁的加固具有借鉴作用。     

Flexural performance of bolted built-up columns constructed of H-SA700 steel

The H-SA700 is a new high-strength structural steel that is more environmentally friendly and more suitable for mass production than conventional high-strength steel. A research program is underway to develop a new structural steel system that extends the benefits of H-SA700 steel to achieve sustainable and seismically resilient buildings. The envisioned system uses built-up columns that are fabricated from H-SA700 plates by high-strength bolts and uses these built-up columns in weld-free construction. This paper summarizes the first phase of the program, whose objective was to establish the flexural properties of the built-up columns. Three column specimens were fabricated and subjected to cyclic lateral loading. The tests demonstrated the very large elastic deformation capacity and stable inelastic behavior of H-SA700 columns. The flexural strength was not governed by fracture of the reduced section with bolt holes, but by inelastic buckling of the flanges. The strength was limited by the plastic strength of the reduced section. The test results were used to identify the key limit states and to develop a design methodology that addresses the unique behavior of the built-up columns. Finite element simulation suggested that bolt holes help distribute yielding over a wide area of the flanges, to supply some ductility and help avoid net section fracture of the flanges.     

开发建设项目建设期土壤流失量预测方法初探

简述了在开发项目建设期采用类比法及通用土壤流失方程法预测土壤流失量的基本方法,阐述了土壤流失量预测过程中存在的问题,并结合具体工程实例,采用以上两种预测方法计算了土壤流失量,为今后土壤流失量预测提供技术参考。     

石灰岩沥青混合料抗滑性能衰变特性研究

为了了解石灰岩沥青混合料抗滑性能衰变特性的影响因素,使用自行开发的室内加速磨耗模拟装置,针对AC-13及SMA-13混合料,研究了混合料类型和集料特性等因素对混合料抗滑衰变特性的影响。试验结果表明,随着磨耗圈数的增加,AC-13混合料的摆值持续降低,SMA-13混合料则先升后降;增大级配中粒径大于2.36mm集料的含量,有利于改善AC-13及SMA-13混合料的抗滑衰变特性,AC-13混合料的抗滑衰变特性与贝雷法级配参数之间有着良好的线性关系;集料的磨光值、洛杉矶磨耗损失和压碎值对两种混合料的抗滑衰变特性均有显著影响,且影响程度依次降低;粗集料针片状含量与混合料的抗滑衰变特性之间为明显的负相关关系,当集料粒形接近球体或立方体时混合料的抗滑衰减速率减缓。     

Inhibition of l-alanine triggered Bacillus cereus T spore germination and outgrowth by fatty acids and glyceryl monododecanoate

Germination of Bacillus cereus T spores in l-alanine solutions was inhibited totally by lauric (0·25 mM) and oleic (0·885 mM) acids and partially by linoleic acid (0·71 mM), linolenic acid (0·36 mM) and glyceryl monododecanoate (0·36 mM). Inhibition of spore germination was reversible. Lauric or oleic acid inhibited commitment to germinate possibly by interference with germinant diffusion to the binding site(s). These two fatty acids also blocked reactions of postcommitment to germinate including loss of heat resistance. All fatty compounds inhibited outgrowth of fully germinated spores. This was accompanied by inhibition of oxygen consumption by glyceryl monododecanoate and linolenic acid.     

生物质水蒸气气化利用过程数学模型的建立

分析了甘蔗渣的水蒸气气化过程,基于气化过程的物料平衡和化学平衡关系,建立了一种生物质气化过程的数学模型。用该模型模拟计算甘蔗渣在水蒸气氛围下气化后的气体成分,计算结果与试验数据基本相符,尤其在温度950℃之后,计算值和测量值更接近。以甘蔗渣和木薯渣为例,研究该气化模型的特性。甘蔗渣和木薯渣水蒸气气化的最佳水蒸气/燃料值(S/B)分别为0.3和0.2。气化气组分和气化效果随温度和S/B变化的结果表明:提高温度有利于气化反应的进行,提高S/B,可以增加气体产率,气体热值有所降低。     

多跨连孔双曲拱桥地震反应分析

以某多跨连孔双曲拱桥为例,建立双曲拱桥空间梁单元有限元模型,选择3条天然地震波及1条人工波进行时程分析;对比其在E1地震作用下的分析结果与相同条件下的反应谱分析结果情况,并分析桥梁在E2地震作用下的反应,得出有益结论,从而为多跨连孔双曲拱桥地震反应分析研究奠定基础。