<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of graphene oxide/gold nanorods theranostic hybrids for efficient tumor computed tomography imaging and photothermal therapy

Graphene oxide/gold nanorod (GO/GNR) nanohybrids were synthesized with a GO- and gold-seed-mediated in situ growth method at room temperature by mixing polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) functionalized GO, secondary growth solution, and gold seeds. Compared with ex situ preparation methods of GO/GNRs or graphene (G)/GNRs, the in situ synthesis of GO/GNRs addressed the issue of the aggregation of the GNRs before their attachment onto the GO. The method is straightforward and environment-friendly. The GO/GNRs showed a remarkable photothermal effect in vitro. The temperature of the GO/GNR nanohybrids increased from 25 to 49.9 °C at a concentration of 50 μg/mL after irradiation with an 808-nm laser (0.4 W/cm²) for 6 min. Additionally, the GO/GNRs exhibited good optical and morphological stability and photothermal properties after six cycles of laser irradiation. Upon injection of the GO/GNRs into xenograft tumors, excellent computed tomography (CT) imaging properties and photothermal effect were obtained. The preclinical CT agent iohexol was combined with the GO/GNRs and further enhanced CT imaging. Therefore, the GO/GNR nanohybrids have great potential for precise CT-image-guided tumor photothermal treatment.

Open image in new window

     

An efficient classifier to diagnose of schizophrenia based on the EEG signals

In this paper, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of 13 schizophrenic patients and 18 age-matched control participants are analyzed with the objective of classifying the two groups. For each case, multi-channels (22 electrodes) scalp EEG is recorded. Several features including autoregressive (AR) model parameters, band power and fractal dimension are extracted from the recorded signals. Leave-one (participant)-out cross validation is used to have an accurate estimation for the separability of the two groups. Boosted version of Direct Linear Discriminant Analysis (BDLDA) is selected as an efficient classifier which applied on the extracted features. To have comparison, classifiers such as standard LDA, Adaboost, support vector machine (SVM), and fuzzy SVM (FSVM) are applied on the features. Results show that the BDLDA is more discriminative than others such that their classification rates are reported 87.51%, 85.36% and 85.41% for the BDLDA, LDA, Adaboost, respectively. Results of SVM and FSVM classifiers were lower than 50% accuracy because they are more sensitive to outlier instances. In order to determine robustness of the suggested classifier, noises with different amplitudes are added to the test feature vectors and robustness of the BDLDA was higher than the other compared classifiers.     

Selection of the implant thread pitch for optimal biomechanical properties: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

In this paper, effects of the implant thread pitch on the maximum Von Mises stresses were evaluated in jaw bones and implant–abutment complex by a finite element method. The thread pitch ranged from 0.5 mm to 1.6 mm. Results suggested that under axial load, the maximum equivalent stresses in cortical bone, cancellous bone and implant–abutment complex decreased by 6.7%, 55.2% and 22.3%, respectively with the variation of thread pitch; and under buccolingual load, 2.7%, 22.4% and 13.0%, respectively. When thread pitch exceeded 0.8 mm, minimum stresses were obtained. Data indicated that cancellous bone was more sensitive to thread pitch than cortical bone did; thread pitch played a great role in protecting dental implant under axial load than under buccolingual load; and thread pitch exceeding 0.8 mm were optimal selection for a screwed implant by biomechanical consideration.     

Patellar Shape-Memory Fixator for the Treatment of Comminuted Fractures of the Inferior Pole of the Patella

Comminuted and displaced fractures of the inferior pole of the patella are not easy to reduce and it is difficult to fix the fragments soundly enough to allow early movement of the knee. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the internal fixation technique with Patellar Shape-Memory Fixator (PSMF) in acute comminuted fractures of the inferior pole of the patella. We retrospectively studied 25 patients with comminuted fractures of the inferior pole of the patella who were treated with PSMF and followed up for a mean period of 26 months (14 to 60). All the fractures healed at a mean of 6 weeks (5 to 7). The mean grading at the final follow-up was 29.5 points (27 to 30) using the Bostman score, with no observable restriction of movement. No breakage of the PSMF or infection occurred. No delayed union, nonunion, and infection were seen. This technique preserved the length of the patella, reduced the comminuted fragments of the inferior pole and avoided long-term immobilization of the knee.     

可视化仿生传感器阵列研究进展

基于交叉响应原理的可视化仿生传感器阵列以其材料制备方法多样、检测结果精度高、应用范围宽等优点成为传感器系统构建新方法。在简述了可视化传感器阵列设计原则的基础上,详细阐述了指示剂取代法、主客体复合物以及微纳米技术在其敏感元件构建方法中的应用,剖析总结了可视化仿生传感器阵列敏感材料制备中的问题,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

中医专业有机化学教学改革探讨

有机化学是中医专业学生培养体系中的基础课程之一,由于教学课时的限制以及课程自身的特点,如何激发学生学习热情,提高教学质量,本文结合近年的教学实践作了有益的探讨。     

加强医学摄影研究内容系统化的新思考

医学摄影是学科,更是一个领域。因此,医学摄影的一切研究,都将纳入系统研究之中,摒弃小体系,确立标准化,才具科学性、实用性和可持续性。本文将医学摄影体系的研究、教材体系的研究、标准化的研究、组织体系的研究、多元形式的研究、设备与环境的研究、人才知识结构的研究7个方面纳入在医学摄影研究内容的大系统之中,使之更为系统化、科学化。     

CT引导置管引流治疗单发性腹膜后脓肿

目的探讨单发性腹膜后脓肿CT引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗的疗效。方法回顾性总结采用CT引导下经皮穿刺引流治疗的１３例腹膜后单发性脓肿，脓肿位于胰尾部４例，胰头旁３例，肾周间隙３例，肾后间隙２例，腰大肌旁１例；脓肿最大径３．５～８．０cm。结果８例患者行１次穿刺引流，３例行２次穿刺引流，２例行３次穿刺引流。１３例患者平均引流１６d，经过临床、超声及CT随访未发现残存感染灶或复发。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺引流治疗腹膜后脓肿疗效确切、创伤小。     

CT 引导下乙醇消融术治疗肝转移瘤

目的探讨CT引导下无水乙醇消融术（PEI）在肝转移性肿瘤治疗中的价值。方法５３例肝转移性肿瘤，共计８７个病灶。１８个病灶直径≤１cm；５６个病灶直径１～３cm；１３个病灶直径３～５cm。采用CT引导下无水乙醇瘤内注射进行治疗，经过１次或多次治疗，观察肝转移瘤的坏死情况。结果PEI治疗后１个月MR或CT复查，１８个直径≤１cm的病灶完全坏死率为１００％；直径１～３cm５６个病灶完全坏死率为８７．５％，再次治疗后完全坏死；１３个病灶直径３～５cm的病灶完全坏死率为６１．５％，经过２～３次治疗，病灶彻底坏死。结论CT引导下无水乙醇消融术治疗肝转移性肿瘤疗效满意，尤其适用于直径≤３cm的单个病灶。     

Bacterial pathogens in fresh,smoked and salted Iranian fish

Salted and smoked fish are traditional products in Iran that are prepared by heavy salting (mixed salting) and heavy salting followed by cold smoking methods, respectively. Twenty eight Alosa kessleri (Caspian anadromous shad) from the Caspian Sea and 39 cultivated Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) from two fish farms before and after a smoking process were examined using standard bacterial testing. Forty Liza aurata (Mullet dore) and 20 smoked H. molitrix purchased from a fish market (SMH-m) were also tested. Listeria monocytogenes were greater than 1 × 10² g⁻¹ in 2.6% of fresh (not smoked) H. molitrix (FH), 5.1% smoked H. molitrix, 20% SMH-m and 10% salted L. aurata (SAL). Vibrio parahaemolyticus was found in 21.4% fresh A. kessleri, 7.1% smoked A. kessleri, 5% SMH-m, 35% fresh L. aurata (FL) and 50% of SAL. For 7.5% of FL and 2.5% of SAL, V. parahaemolyticus were greater than 1 × 10² g⁻¹. Escherichia coli and Salmonella dublin were obtained in 30.8% and 2.6% of FH, respectively. No coliforms and Salmonella spp. were detected in salted fish and smoked fish. Staphylococcus aureus greater than 1 × 10⁵ cfu g⁻¹ were obtained in 55% SMH-m and 10% SAL. Consumption of these fish, either raw or undercooked may contribute to foodborne illness in Iran.