基于IFCM的共址接地极带电作业安全问题研究

针对共址接地极线路特殊运行工况及过电压分布特点,提出一种基于改进模糊C均值聚类（IFCM）的带电作业安全评估方法。首先通过建模并仿真计算获取共址接地极线路特殊运行工况下的过电压分布,确定了最大操作过电压;然后通过建立共址接地极放电试验模型开展冲击放电试验,利用改进的模糊 C 均值聚类对典型间隙的试验结果进行聚类,以达到获取各间隙放电电压U50的目的;最后通过绝缘配合方法确定共址接地极带电作业安全间隙距离,并结合实际工程进行安全性分析验证。所提出的研究方法和结论可为共址接地极线路带电作业的安全开展提供参考。     

GIL机械故障诊断与预警技术研究

为了有效诊断气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路(GIL)的机械故障,搭建了110 kV GIL试验平台并设计了3种典型机械故障,通过互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)模糊熵值与鲸鱼优化极限学习机(WOA-ELM)模型联合方法对GIL机械故障模式进行识别与诊断。首先,利用CEEMD方法对振动信号进行分解,引入正负白噪声组对信号进行处理,得到含有故障信息的模态分量(IMF)。其次,利用模糊熵计算模态分量特征值,得到能表征故障特征的模糊熵值。最后,结合WOA-ELM模型对特征向量集进行模式识别,根据聚类结果与自适应阈值对GIL设备机械故障进行诊断和预警。结果表明,利用CEEMD与模糊熵对GIL振动信号特征进行分析,可以有效避免模态混叠和冗余噪声分量的干扰,得到能够表征故障特征的特征值;利用WOA-ELM模型可以有效实现GIL设备机械故障诊断与预警。     

站用电切换中调相机循泵电机的瞬态分析

特高压（UHV）变电站在站用电切换过程中,调相机循泵电机会出现冲击电流过大导致多级跳闸的情况。为研究切换策略,首先定量分析失电残压的频率和幅值随时间的变化,并进行相关仿真研究。其次对重合闸时的瞬态进行研究,通过仿真模型得到冲击电流随时间的变化规律,发现冲击电流的最大值略滞后于相位相反的点,最小值略滞后于相位相同的点,且该滞后的量取决于失电残压的衰减速率,提出一种基于失电残压和电源电压幅值差的切换方法。针对仿真结果进行分析,为维护人员提供一定的参考依据,尽可能降低投切过程中的冲击电流,避免切换失败。     

基于高光谱数据和雷达融合的滑坡信息提取

为了改进微地形滑坡遥感影像分类技术,从而提高微地形滑坡遥感信息提取的精度,采用湖北宜昌部分地区的无人机航拍高光谱影像(HSI)和激光雷达(LiDAR)数据作为研究数据源,并对高光谱和LiDAR数据进行融合,最后采用结合注意力模块(CBAM)的卷积神经网络(CNN)方法,对融合后的数据进行滑坡信息提取。研究表明,利用高光谱和雷达数据的优势,可以更准确地提取滑坡信息。     

不对称电压暂降下最大功率输出的MMC协调控制策略

针对柔性直流输电系统交流侧不对称电压暂降下,模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevel converter,MMC）运行时出现的功率波动、三相电流不平衡等问题,提出了不对称电压暂降下最大功率输出的MMC协调控制策略。该策略根据不对称电压暂降下MMC系统运行特性随调节参数的变化规律,以抑制有功功率波动与输出三相平衡电流的协调控制为目标,构建了线性加权解析式确定调节参数,在保证MMC输出电流峰值在最大限制范围内时,输出最大有功功率。该策略既拓展了有功功率输出能力,又提升了系统的整体控制保护性能。仿真和实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

适应多端直流输电系统直流故障仿真的工程实用模型研究

多端直流输电(Multi-terminal DC, MTDC)已经成为颇具竞争力的跨区域大功率输电技术,但因结构复杂,目前缺乏完整的数学模型。真双极混合桥模块化多电平变流器(Modular multi-level converter, MMC)是特高压MTDC的重要部分。若仍沿用半桥MMC的模型建模,真双极结构中双阀组交流侧的电气联接无法体现。另外,半桥MMC模型中0-1二值开关函数推广到混合桥的合理性也有待证明。为解决MTDC建模中存在的上述问题,以昆柳龙直流工程为例,首先推导真双极混合桥MMC的完整数学模型,并对常规高压直流换流站和直流传输线进行准稳态和集中参数近似。进一步建立了直流故障下MTDC的工程实用数学模型,兼顾了精确性和复杂性。最后针对直流单极接地故障运用该模型进行分析计算,并与PSACD仿真结果进行对比,验证了所提出模型的有效性。     

Hydrocarbon flame inhibition by C6F12O (Novec 1230): Unstretched burning velocity measurements and predictions

This study experimentally and numerically determined the unstretched laminar burning velocity of premixed CH₄-air and C₃H₈-air flames with added C₆F₁₂O (Novec 1230). High-speed shadowgraphy of spherically expanding flames provided the burning velocity as a function of stretch, which was extrapolated to zero-stretch conditions using non-linear methods. Unstretched burning velocities predicted using a recently assembled kinetic mechanism were generally in good agreement with the measurements, but tended to have poorer agreement for highly-inhibited very lean flames. To benchmark the performance of C₆F₁₂O, measured burning velocities were compared to previously measured burning velocities of premixed flames inhibited by CF₃Br (Halon 1301). The two agents provided similar reductions in the burning velocity of rich flames, whereas CF₃Br provided greater reductions when added to stoichiometric and lean flames. Lastly, experiments and simulations showed the influence of water vapor on the burning velocity of lean C₃H₈-air flames with added C₆F₁₂O. The presence of water vapor in the oxidizer increased the burning velocity by up to 23% when the fluorine to hydrogen ratio of the reactant mixture was greater than unity.     

Validity of facial features’ geometric measurements for real-time assessment of mental fatigue in construction equipment operators

Operating construction equipment for extended periods of time may lead to mental fatigue and, as a result, an increased risk of human error-related accidents and jeopardized health problems for the operators. Therefore, to limit the risk of accidents and protect operators' wellbeing, their mental fatigue must be monitored reliably and in real time. Recently, many invasive technologies have been employed to alleviate this problem, but they entail the wearing of physical sensors, which may instigate irritation and discomfort. This study proposes a non-invasive mental fatigue monitoring method using geometric measurements of their facial features that does not require the operators to wear sensors on their body. The study further validates the proposed method by comparing it with wearable electroencephalography (EEG) technology to establish its ecological validity for construction equipment operators. To serve the purpose, a one-hour excavator operation by sixteen construction equipment operators was conducted on a construction site. Ground truth, brain activity using wearable EEG, and geometric measurements of facial features were extracted and analyzed at the baseline and every 20 min for one hour. A considerable temporal variation was found in the reported metrics (eye aspect ratio, eye distance, mouth aspect ratio, face area, and head motion) and were significantly correlated with ground truth and EEG metric. Furthermore, the brain visualization pattern obtained from EEG was also associated with the variations in the facial features. The findings of the study reveal that construction equipment operators’ mental fatigue can be monitored non-invasively using geometrical measurements of facial features.     

SF6气体湿度计算优化与应用

介绍了露点法测量气体湿度的原理,研究并优化了SF6气体湿度计算方法,并将研究所得方法应用于生产实际.通过对比应用情况发现,利用EXCEL、MATLAB、FrontPage等软件实现优化的计算方法,优于目前采用的手动查找并计算的方法,而且通过对比几种优化后的计算方法,得出用FrontPage实现的查找并计算方法具有占用资源少、界面明了等优点.     

高压直流换流阀均压电极的结垢机理研究

目的 通过研究换流阀冷却系统均压电极结垢机理,分析结垢的过程、影响因素、形成规律,总结结垢的根本原因,再根据分析结论提出均压电极腐蚀结垢的综合整治措施,形成改进技术方案。方法 先通过文献分析国内外均压电极研究进展并进行总结,找出均压电极结垢的相关影响因素,通过试验验证,明确均压电极结垢的主要过程和影响结垢的主要因素,最后根据试验结果提出合理的抑制或减轻结垢的措施。结果 均压电极结垢的主要影响因素是铝制散热器的电化学腐蚀及流体冲刷腐蚀,腐蚀产物在均压电极部位汇聚、沉积,导致结垢。结垢过程为：散热器内表面发生的化学腐蚀以及流体喘振造成的磨损腐蚀二者协同,相互加强,致使铝元素转化为离子形态进入循环系统冷却介质中,并在均压电极电场作用下吸附至电极表面,从而在电极表面形成结垢。结论 均压电极结垢与水冷系统的电化学腐蚀和流体冲刷有关,采用深度除盐水质精处理的方式去除冷却水中的致垢离子,能有效减缓均压电极的结垢。