Wind energy resource assessment for five locations in Saudi Arabia

The analysis of recently collected wind data at five sites in Saudi Arabia namely, Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran is presented. The five sites represent different geographically and climatologically conditions. The data collected over a period spanned between 1995 and 2002 with different collection periods for each site. Daily, monthly and frequency profiles of the wind speed at the sites showed that Dhulum and Arar sites have higher wind energy potential with annual wind speed average of 5.7 and 5.4 m/s and speeds higher than 5 m/s for 60 and 47% of the time, respectively. The two sites are candidates for remote area wind energy applications. The costal site's, i.e. Yanbu and Dhahran wind speed data indicated that the two sites have lower annual wind speed averages and wind blows at speed higher than 5 m/s during afternoon hours. That makes the two sites candidates for grid connected wind systems for electrical load peak shaving. The data of Gassim site showed that the site has the lowest wind energy potential compared to the others. The annual energy produced by a Nordex N43 wind machine is estimated to be 1080, 990, 730, 454 and 833 MWh for Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran, respectively. The analysis showed that the estimated annual energy produced by the machine based on 10 min averaged data is 2.5% higher than the estimated energy based on 30 min averaged data.     

Simulation of the VVER-1000 pump start-up experiment of the OECD V1000CT benchmark with CATHARE and TRAC-PF1

In the framework of joint effort between the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of OECD, the United States Department of Energy (US DOE), and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), France a coupled three-dimensional (3D) thermal-hydraulics/neutron kinetics benchmark for VVER-1000 was defined. The benchmark consists of calculation of a pump start-up experiment labelled V1000CT-1 (Phase 1), as well as a vessel mixing experiment and main steam line break (MSLB) transient labelled V1000CT-2 (Phase 2), respectively. The reference nuclear plant is Kozloduy-6 in Bulgaria. The overall objective is to assess computer codes used in the analysis of VVER-1000 reactivity transients. A specific objective is to assess the vessel mixing models used in system codes. Plant data are available for code validation consisting of one experiment of pump start-up (V1000CT-1) and one experiment of steam generator isolation (V1000CT-2). The validated codes can be used to calculate asymmetric MSLB transients involving similar mixing patterns. This paper summarizes a comparison of CATHARE and TRAC-PF1 system code results for V1000CT-1, Exercise 1, which is a full plant point kinetics simulation of a reactor coolant system (RCS) pump start-up experiment. The reference plant data include integral and sector average parameters. The comparison is made from the point of view of vessel mixing and full system simulation. CATHARE used a six-sector multiple 1D vessel thermal-hydraulic model with cross flows and TRAC used a six-sector, 18-channel coarse-mesh 3D vessel model. Good agreement in terms of integral parameters and inter-loop mixing is observed.     

Application of condition-based HRA method for a manual actuation of the safety features in a nuclear power Plant

A practical approach to develop a more realistic fault-tree model with a consideration of various conditions endured by a human operator is proposed. In safety-critical systems, the generation failure of an actuation signal is caused by the concurrent failures of the automated systems and an operator action. These two sources of safety signals are complicatedly correlated. The failures of sensors or automated systems will cause a lack of necessary information for a human operator and result in error-forcing contexts such as the loss of corresponding alarms and indications. It is well known that the error-forcing contexts largely affect the operator's performance. An automated system which consists of multiple processing channels and complex components is also affected by the availability of the sensors. This paper proposes a condition-based human reliability assessment (CBHRA) method in order to address these complicated conditions in a practical way. We apply the CBHRA method to the manual actuation of the safety features such as a reactor trip and auxiliary feedwater actuation in Korean Standard Nuclear Power Plants. Even the human error probability of each given condition is simply assumed, the application results prove that the CBHRA effectively accommodates the complicated error-forcing contexts into the fault trees.     

我国天然彩棉的研发现状及发展趋势

对天然彩棉的历史、纤维特点、纤维的形态结构及性能作了简要介绍，重点介绍了我国彩棉的研发现状及研发中亟待解决的瓶颈问题，最后对彩棉在我国的发展前景进行了展望。     

文明寨油田微生物调驱矿场试验

针对文明寨油田高温高盐的特点,引进了一种耐温耐盐的FM复合微生物菌种。室内评价表明, 该菌种适应高温高盐油层,能有效改善原油性质,代谢产物主要为有机酸、醇、气体等。矿场开展调驱 试验12井次,注入井菌浓增加2个数量级,累计增油4269t,表明该菌种适应文明寨油藏条件。     

Housing Tenure: Pacific Families in New Zealand

Home ownership has been associated with health, social and economic benefits. However, a decline in ownership has been observed over the past decade in New Zealand. Minority groups, including Pacific people, have been disadvantaged in the housing sector. This study investigated housing tenure and the relationship between tenure and health among mothers of a birth cohort of Pacific children in New Zealand. Findings showed that most families lived in state or private rental accommodation with few (15.4 per cent) owning their own homes. Homeowners were more likely to be older, partnered and have higher incomes. Better mental health was observed for homeowners compared to renters. Findings can inform housing and public health policy for Pacific families.     

农业重组微生物生物安全研究进展

综述了近年来农业重组微生物的研究现状和进展 ,详细介绍农业重组微生物环境释放的监控方法以及对环境的冲击作用 ,对一些有关生物安全研究的热点问题进行了探讨     

我国海洋石油钻井平台现状与技术发展分析

海洋油气开发装备产业是直接关系到海洋油气资源开发、影响国家能源稳定和经济安全的战略产业。海洋石油钻井平台是海洋油气开发的关键装备,我国海洋石油装备产业在海洋油气产业持续快速发展的带动下,正处于高速发展的新时期。对我国海洋石油钻井装备产业发展现状及市场需求进行了深入研究,并对海洋石油钻井平台技术特点做了介绍,重点分析了该项技术的发展状况,从钻井平台类型和技术含量等方面指出我国与世界先进海洋石油钻井平台的主要差距,并提出了若干发展建议。     

工程建设项目职业健康安全和环境管理机构的主要职责

工程建设项目要实施健康、安全和环境管理,文章阐述了工程建设项目职业健康安全和环境管理机构设置的必要性,该机构是项目职业健康安全和环境管理体系及其管理网络的管理者,是完成项目职业健康安全和环境保护管理目标的第一责任部门。该机构的主要职责有:编制作业文件,组织培训教育,进行监测、检查和监督,审核不符合项的整改、纠正和预防工作,记录及其管理,项目职业健康安全和环境管理评审。组织精悍、职责明确的管理机构并通过严密有序的工作,是实现项目健康、安全、环境管理目标的重要保证。     

智能钻井电缆信号传输的研究现状及难点

目前，钻井中井下检测信号的传输主要运用泥浆脉冲、电磁波等方式。随着井深的增加、复杂结构井和欠平衡井的增多以及对传输速度要求的提高，电缆信号传输必然是今后智能钻井的发展方向。通过对半个多世纪来各类电缆信号传输的设计进行归类，详细介绍了其设计原理，提出了电缆信号传输设计的基本要求与难点。