A Supermodel Framework Supporting Validated Upgrading of Reactive Systems

A software product is typically upgraded many times over its lifetime. Reactive systems are no exception, undergoing evolutionary version changes to add features and fix bugs. Evolving these stateful systems, such as email clients, software agents, smart cell phones, and personal digital assistants, is complicated by the fact that new versions of the software must deal correctly with legacy instances. Users of earlier versions have invested significant resources in creating the state of the legacy instance, and usually require that this state be upgraded appropriately when the new system version is activated. However, validating the correctness of this upgrading behavior is particularly difficult, whether through testing or automated reasoning techniques like theorem proving or model checking, because legacy states are typically unreachable to the new version of the software. This paper explores this problem and requirements for its solution. It then presents a simple and widely applicable upgrade framework, based upon the idea of a supermodel that allows upgrade behavior to be validated using mainstream approaches. Finally, it also gives techniques for simplifying the validation problem.     

基于工业测控网络的井下设备远程软件升级技术

文章介绍了基于工业测控网络和微控制器自身IAP功能实现井下设备远程软件升级的原理,分析了该技术的可靠性和保密性。在煤矿中运用该技术可大大降低软件维护人员的工作量和风险性。     

西安电力交换网的建设与发展

文章分析了西安地区电力交换网的现状,提出了电力交换网的优化与改进方案以及基于VoIP平台的联合反事故演习系统建设方案。文章通过比较几种信令系统,阐述了采用Q信令组建电力交换网的优势;对行政交换机设备改造中,软交换平台的建立及应用做了说明。文章还对电力系统交换网络的发展提出具体建议。     

安徽省电力负荷管理系统的建设与应用

负荷管理系统是促进电力需求侧管理,实现有序用电的重要技术支持。介绍了安徽省电力公司负荷管理系统的规划、建设、管理与应用情况,阐述了全省系统主站软件升级所采用的技术和实现的功能,以及系统功能应用与发展方向。     

基于串口通信的DSP应用程序在线升级方法

为解决特殊场合DSP程序升级困难的问题,以TMS320F28035为例,介绍了一种基于串口通信的适合于TMS320C2000系列DSP实现程序更新的在线升级方法。描述了该在线升级方法的基本思想和实现步骤,给出了关键部分的程序代码。实验证明,该方法简单可靠,可用于嵌入式设备软件程序的升级更新中。     

The use of coal liquefaction catalysts for coal/oil coprocessing and heavy oil upgrading

The catalytic hydrogenation of heavy oil and mixed coal-heavy oil (coprocessing) systems has been the focus of a recent study at the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC). The intent of this effort was to extend the use of coal liquefaction technologies to heavy oil upgrading and coprocessing systems. Specifically, new dispersed molybdenum-based catalysts developed at FETC and a novel silica-doped hydrous titanium oxide (HTO : Si)-supported NiMo catalyst developed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) were tested in these systems. The results indicate the potential of coal liquefaction catalysts for use in coprocessing and heavy oil upgrading. High conversions of coal–oil mixtures were observed with dispersed catalyst loadings as low as 100 ppm Mo. Similar results were observed in heavy oil systems. Also, the novel NiMo/HTO : Si catalyst was at least as effective as commercially-available supported catalysts (e.g. Amocat 1C) for conversion of high boiling point material to distillable products and aromatics removal.     

保护环境及指标在某公路改扩建工程中的应用

对保护环境及指标的运用进行了分析,对其在凯里—雷山（大塘）公路改扩建工程中的应用进行了论述,提出了保护环境及指标运用相结合,充分利用道路现有的景观,在合适的路段灵活运用指标,保护好原生态的环境。     

技术创新“五步走”产业升级论循环

企业发展如逆水行舟，不进则退．河南豫光金铅集团公司通过技术创新五步走战略为企业注入了新鲜血液，使企业焕发新的生机，打破了我国传统铅冶炼产业格局，实现了传统产业的升级，促进了“两高一资”企业向低碳经济、循环经济的转变．     

Upgrading of bio-oil: Effect of light aldehydes on acetic acid removal via esterification

Since fast pyrolysis derived bio-oils are not a simple hydrocarbon mixture, but rather contain a variety of oxygenated compounds including acids and aldehydes, upgrading is required in order to use bio-oils as transportation fuels. Esterification is one of the attractive routes to convert acids contained in bio-oil to more desirable esters. Although organic acid esterification is a simple reaction, no work has been reported as to whether the presence of other reactive oxygenated compounds such as aldehydes affect the reaction. In this study of bio-oil model compounds, the impact of acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde on acetic acid esterification was investigated on organic–inorganic mesoporous silica functionalized with propylsulfonic acid groups. No impact of these two aldehydes on acetic acid consumption was seen at 100 °C, regardless of the concentration of ethanol used. However, at 70 °C and 50 °C, the conversion of acetic acid was observed to be lowered during the reaction in the presence of the aldehydes. When either of the aldehydes were present, the acetic acid conversion was about 6% and 28% lower than that in its absence at 70 °C and 50 °C, respectively. It appears that the more significant aldehyde impact on acetic acid conversion seen at the lower reaction temperatures was due to the esterification rate being slow relative to the rapid competitive acetalization rate of the aldehydes with ethanol.     

Effect of the activation procedure on the performance of Mo/H-MFI catalysts for the non-oxidative conversion of methane to aromatics

The effect of pre-treatment on the performance of Mo/H-MFI zeolite catalysts applied to the non-oxidative conversion of methane to aromatics has been investigated. It is demonstrated that catalyst performance depends on activation conditions. Activation of the Mo-oxide/H-MFI precursor with an n-butane/hydrogen mixture results in higher catalyst stability and benzene selectivity which are tentatively attributed to the formation of the -MoC_1−x carbide, with f.c.c. structure as revealed by XRD.