Why higher resolution graphics cards are needed in colour vision research

The colour resolution of a 14‐bit and an 8‐bit per channel graphics card were evaluated and compared with the just noticeable difference between colours (varying only in luminance) for: (1) a standard observer (based on the CIE 1976 L*u*v* colour space) and (2) real observers in a colour discrimination task. The results of this study show that an 8‐bit per channel graphics card seems adequate for colour discrimination experiments where stimuli only vary in luminance. However, considering that the resolution of the graphics card should be equal to the Nyquist rate, an 8‐bit per channel card turns out to be inadequate. For colour discrimination experiments where stimuli only vary in chromaticity, there is an undersampling of the colour space with respect to MacAdam ellipses when using 8‐bit per channel graphics cards. The extremely fine colour resolution of a 14‐bit per channel graphics card overcomes these problems. Its use allows more accurate measurements of achromatic and chromatic discrimination thresholds and avoids experimental (spatial or luminance) artefacts, such as bandings that can occur on achromatic or chromatic gradients. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011     

可变色霓虹灯机理探讨

本文主要探讨了装饰霓虹灯通过变化放电正柱区的电子温度来控制灯管色彩变化的原理。同时剖析和实验证实了：对一支充有Ｈｇ和１０ＴｏｒｒＮｅ的气体放电灯管、通过改变供电的脉冲电压（４００Ｖ～１０００Ｖ），重复频率（５０Ｈｚ～１０００Ｈｚ）和持续时间（５μＳ～１５０μＳ），可以使灯管辐射从红色（０．５４５，０．２６２）变化为兰色（０．７０５，０．２９５），亮度从１４ｄｃｄ／ｍ￣２增加到１６４０ｃｄ／ｍ￣２的物理现象。文中最后提出了将变色放电技术应用于生产新颖霓虹灯产品的展望。     

复配法制取复合色母粒及其PP纺丝的研究

依据颜色混合的“减色原理”及配色经验，探讨了以市售丙纶色母粒复配制取复合母粒的方法和纺丝工艺，将几种原始母粒复配、稀释造粒，可制备低含量着色剂的复合母粒，复配时应注意原始母粒的耐光、耐热相近性及色光的匹配，采用复合母粒纺丝可以明显减少色差，纺丝工艺、换板周期及纤维性能与原始母粒色线基本相同，只是工艺汨度设定时应考虑复合母粒中各原始母粒对纺丝流体流动性的影响，研究结果和生产实践表明，该方法可以纺制出多种颜色的有色丝，从而满足了不同用户的要求，弥补了市售色母粒价格高、品种少、色相单调的缺陷。     

中国颜色体系色样片的测量

本文介绍了为获得中国颜色体系色样片的标准色度学数据而进行的测量，内容包括测量条件的确定，测量装置的原理、结构和精度，以及对测量结果的分析。本文作为中国颜色体系（国标）的建立提供了准确可靠的计量数据。     

色彩与室内装饰

本文分析了色彩的功能特性,探讨了色彩对人产生的不同心理效应,提出了室内色彩设计的基本手法.     

Design Issues for a Colour Photometric Stereo System

This paper presents the detailed performance analysis for a colour photometric stereo system proposed recently. The system recovers surface colour and surface normal for each surface patch separately, in the presence of highlights and shadows. The error analysis presented concerns every step of the algorithm, and it is based on the assumptions that errors may arise due to Gaussian image noise and errors in the accuracy with which the geometry of the illuminating set-up is known. The analysis is confirmed by experiments. The implications of this sensitivity analysis to the design of such a rig and the choice of threshold values for the algorithm are also discussed and recommendations to a designer are given.     

钢结构广播电视塔风振系数的计算与对比

研究了建于塔座上的钢结构广播电视塔在三种情况下计算的风振系数，一种是规范方法，另一种是按理论方法不考虑钢塔与塔座的共同作用，第三种是按理论方法考虑钢塔与塔座的共同作用。对三者进行了比较，最后得出结论：在一般情况下，用规范方法计算的风振系数比按理论公式计算的风振系数要大，因此用此风振系数计算的钢塔内力偏大的。有大的集中质量（塔楼、平台、天线等）处，尖根据实际情况，把用规范方法计算的风振系数适当增大，以符合实际情况。按理论公式计算的风振系数在考虑与不考虑塔座和钢塔共同作用情况下的差别不大。     

Skin colour assessment in safety testing of cosmetics. An overview

Synopsis
Few subjects are as problematical to dermatologists, cosmetologists and related experimenters involved in safety testing as the clinical assessment of skin colour. At the core of the problem is the word erythema, which does not communicate a sense for the nuance of red. In addition, light shades of red are not visible in dark-skinned people. Human assays aiming at evaluating the irritancy and allergic potential of cosmetics take advantage to use instrumental assessments of skin colour. However, there are pitfalls related to the complex biological aspects of the cutaneous reactivity, to the design of the in vivo assay, and to technical aspects bound to the principle of the measuring methods. Sound information can only be reached when these concerns are solved.
Résumé
Peu de sujets sont aussi problématiques pour les dermatologues, cosmétologues et autres expérimentateurs impliqués dans les tests de sûreté que l'évaluation clinique des couleurs cutanées. Au centre du problème est le mot érythème qui ne communique pas la notion des nuances de rouge. De plus, un érythème discret peut ne pas être visible chez des individus à la peau foncée. Les tests humains visant àévaluer les potentialités d'irritation et d'allergie aux cosmétiques bénéficient des évaluations instrumentales de la couleur cutanée. Cependant, il existe des pièges liés aux aspects biologiques complexes de la réactivité cutanée, au choix du test in vivo et à des aspects techniques en relation avec le principe du système de mesure. Une information adéquate ne peut être obtenue qu'après avoir résolu ces problèmes.     

不锈钢化学着色工艺

通过改变传统化学着色配方成分的方法，研究了１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ奥氏体不锈钢化学着色新工艺．结果表明：在传统的铬酸－硫酸系化学着色液中添加少量Ｈ３ＢＯ３和羧酸钠，可有效地改善膜的均匀性，添加二价锰离子可显著提高膜的色彩饱和度，加入微量混合稀土元素可大大缩短着色时间．     

彩板幕墙技术研究及其应用

本文介绍了一种新型的幕墙结构——彩板幕墙。彩板幕墙是一项新技术,具有强度高、刚性好、防火性能优良等特点。本文对其结构体系和性能进行了研究分析,并对其成果应用进行了阐述。