电流密度对声电沉积生物活性透钙磷石涂层结构和形貌的影响

通过声电沉积工艺在碳／碳复合材料表面制备了生物活性透钙磷石涂层，采用SEM、FFIR、XRD研究了超声场中电流密度对涂层组成结构和形貌的影响。发现在一定工艺条件下，随电流密度增加，涂层的平均晶粒尺寸减小，致密度增加；当电流密度小于l0mA／cm^2时涂层形貌为片状，l0mA／cm^2-26mA／cm^2时为粒状，32mA／cm^2时为花菜心状。且涂层中透钙磷石晶体的择优取向也发生变化，择优晶面依次为(021)、(111)、(220)。同时还讨论了涂层微观结构变化机理。     

Analysis of Sequence Divergence in Mammalian ABCGs Predicts a Structural Network of Residues That Underlies Functional Divergence

The five members of the mammalian G subfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters differ greatly in their substrate specificity. Four members of the subfamily are important in lipid transport and the wide substrate specificity of one of the members, ABCG2, is of significance due to its role in multidrug resistance. To explore the origin of substrate selectivity in members 1, 2, 4, 5 and 8 of this subfamily, we have analysed the differences in conservation between members in a multiple sequence alignment of ABCG sequences from mammals. Mapping sets of residues with similar patterns of conservation onto the resolved 3D structure of ABCG2 reveals possible explanations for differences in function, via a connected network of residues from the cytoplasmic to transmembrane domains. In ABCG2, this network of residues may confer extra conformational flexibility, enabling it to transport a wider array of substrates.     

Structure and Properties Characterization of Ceramic Coatings Produced on Steel Using a Combined Technique

STEEL is the most widely used material in engineering,but unfortunately,steel exhibits poor wear resistanceand obvious contact corrosion.For decades,researchersprepared coatings on steel to improve its properties;ceramic is one of these coatings.To obtain ceramiccoatings on steel,many researchers use techniques suchas plasma spraying,laser cladding,etc.,but some ofthem are too expensive,some of them have a deep heataffected zone in the substrate,and some of them cannot bond well with the subs…     

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 在大量科学试验基础上，提出一种金属表面形成金属陶瓷的新工艺方法。该方法具有放电电压低，陶瓷层结构致密与基体冶金结合，适用于多种金属材料等优点。文中利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜（SEM）观察了陶瓷涂层的显微组织，并通过X射线衍射和机械性能试验对其相结构和室温力学性能进行了探讨。结果表明：金属陶瓷涂层的晶粒细小，分布均匀，具有高的硬度及良好的耐磨性。     

Ambient and high-temperature thermal conductivity of thermal sprayed coatings

Aside from its importance as a design parameter for thermal barrier coatings, measuring thermal conductivity of thermal sprayed coatings itself provides a unique method to critically characterize the nature, quantity, and anisotropy of the defect morphologies in these splat-based coatings. In this paper, the authors present a systematic assessment of thermal conductivity of wide range using the flash diffusivity technique. For the case of plasma sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), coatings obtained from wide-ranging initial powder morphologies as well as those fabricated under different particle states were characterized. Both in-plane and through-thickness properties were obtained. Other material systems that were considered include: metallic alloys and semiconductors of interests. Issues such as reproducibility and reliability in measurements were also considered and assessed. Finally, work in collaboration with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for alternate approaches to characterization of thermal conductivity as well as high-temperature measurements was performed. This article was originally published inBuilding on 100 Years of Success, Proceedings of the 2006 International Thermal Spray Conference (Seattle, WA), May 15–18, 2006, B.R. Marple, M.M. Hyland, Y.-Ch. Lau, R.S. Lima, and J. Voyer, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2006.     

Curvature effects on electric-double-layer capacitance

Understanding the microscopic structure and thermodynamic properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces is central to the rational design of electric-double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Whereas practical applications often entail electrodes with complicated pore structures, theoretical studies are mostly restricted to EDLCs of simple geometry such as planar or slit pores ignoring the curvature effects of the electrode surface. Significant gaps exist regarding the EDLC performance and the interfacial structure. Herein the classical density functional theory (CDFT) is used to study the capacitance and interfacial behavior of spherical electric double layers within a coarse-grained model. The capacitive performance is associated with electrode curvature, surface potential, and electrolyte concentration and can be correlated with a regression-tree (RT) model. The combination of CDFT with machine-learning methods provides a promising quantitative framework useful for the computational screening of porous electrodes and novel electrolytes.     

热氧老化EPR电缆绝缘局部放电特性及劣化机理

为了探究热氧老化后乙丙橡胶电缆绝缘的局部放电特性及劣化机理,文中通过典型柱–板电极对不同老化程度的乙丙橡胶试样进行了局部放电试验,并对其放电发展特性和材料理化性质进行了分析。结果表明:放电起始电压和闪络电压均随绝缘老化程度的提高而降低;根据放电过程中放电特征量的变化规律,可将放电过程划分为4个阶段:起始阶段、发展阶段、持续阶段、预闪络阶段,且不同老化程度试样的PRPD谱图在各阶段呈现出特定形状;老化后的试样表面气化或气体解吸附、内部添加剂成分析出导致试样表面出现"沟壑区"、白色块状物和"微孔",分子结构中的羰基等含氧基团、聚乙烯和聚丙烯等自由基数量的增加是乙丙橡胶绝缘在热氧老化后更易出现局部放电的关键原因。     

卡拉胶改性三聚磷酸铝对水性环氧涂层防腐性能的影响

通通过卡拉胶（KC）对三聚磷酸铝（ATP）进行接枝改性获得KC-ATP改性填料,再将其添加到水性环氧树脂（WEP）中制备复合防腐涂层。采用FTIR、XPS、TG、SEM对ATP改性前后的形貌、结构进行表征。结果表明,KC成功地接枝到ATP表面,改善了ATP的水溶性。采用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和盐雾实验考察了复合涂层的防腐性能。结果表明,复合涂层的防腐性能明显优于纯水性环氧涂层,且当KC-ATP功能填料含量为1.0%时（以水性环氧树脂的质量为基准,下同）,涂层的耐腐蚀性能达到最佳,浸泡48 h后涂层的极化电阻Rp为8.183×107 Ω∙cm2,远高于ATP改性复合涂层和纯环氧涂层。     

多孔结构耐磨超疏水薄膜的制备及性能

为了获得持久稳定的超疏水材料,本研究将聚偏氟乙烯共六氟丙烯共聚物（P(VDF-HFP)）和疏水改性的纳米三氧化二铝（Al2O3）进行复合并通过溶剂/非溶剂诱导相分离法制备了一种耐磨超疏水薄膜。采用SEM及能谱分析仪和接触角测量仪分别对薄膜的表面微观结构、化学组成和疏水性能进行表征。结果表明：制备的薄膜具有自相似微纳米复合微观结构。并且薄膜具有优异的自清洁性和耐机械摩擦性,即使经历360个周期的砂纸磨损（100 g载重）后仍保持超疏水性。除此之外薄膜具有优异耐化学溶液和紫外灯照射稳定性。     

Genetic Architecture and Molecular,Imaging and Prodromic Markers in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: State of the Art,Opportunities and Challenges

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia and belongs to the group of α-synucleinopathies. Due to its clinical overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders and its high clinical heterogeneity, the clinical differential diagnosis of DLB from other similar disorders is often difficult and it is frequently underdiagnosed. Moreover, its genetic etiology has been studied only recently due to the unavailability of large cohorts with a certain diagnosis and shows genetic heterogeneity with a rare contribution of pathogenic mutations and relatively common risk factors. The rapid increase in the reported cases of DLB highlights the need for an easy, efficient and accurate diagnosis of the disease in its initial stages in order to halt or delay the progression. The currently used diagnostic methods proposed by the International DLB consortium rely on a list of criteria that comprises both clinical observations and the use of biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the up-to-now reported knowledge on the genetic architecture of DLB and discuss the use of prodromal biomarkers as well as recent promising candidates from alternative body fluids and new imaging techniques.