常态化推进部队作战训练成果进课堂途径探究

为落实新时代军事教育方针为战育人要求,增强以战领教意识,不断提升军事教育实战化水平,分析了常态化推进部队作战训练成果进课堂现阶段存在的问题,从深化对常态化推进部队作战训练成果进课堂的认识、健全部队作战训练成果进课堂的途径机制和加强部队作战训练成果进课堂的转化运用三方面提出了解决问题的途径,给出了实施效果.     

Developing a talent training model related to chemical process safety based on interdisciplinary education in China

While chemical industrial development in China is growing rapidly, the corresponding safety training resources remain inadequate, which may often lead to increased risk of chemical accidents. These accidents are often associated with the negligence of safety management, poor safety hazard awareness, and lack of safety practice. In order to alleviate these prominent risk factors in chemical industries in China, our study develops a talent training model related to chemical process safety. First, we propose an approach for establishing the “talent training model” related to chemical process safety, consisting of three steps: analyzing the current status and existing problems of talent training related to chemical process safety, determining the theoretical basis and training objectives for developing interdisciplinary talents, and designing a new talent training model. Second, we establish a talent training model using the proposed method, which includes a comprehensive curriculum system, a diversified teaching pattern, and a quintuple evaluation method. Furtherly, we determine the expected outcomes of the talent training model. The research results provide an innovative chemical process safety training method that is applicable nationwide, also it works as a reference for other rapidly developing countries in the chemical process industry to improve safety within the chemical industry.     

强流脉冲离子束表面再制造技术原理与应用

采用TEMP-6型强流脉冲离子束(HIPIB)装置开展了HIPIB表面再制造技术的研发.HIPIB装置主体由高压脉冲电源系统和高功率离子二极管系统组成,通过高压短脉冲在二极管中放电产生阳极等离子体并引出ns级强流离子束.HIPIB辐照材料表面,发生显著的熔融、蒸发和剧烈烧蚀,物质喷射的反冲作用在辐照表面形成由表及里的应力波,导致材料表层强烈的热-力学效应.利用HIPIB与材料表面的相互作用,应用于涡轮叶片表面的清洗维修,可有效去除涡轮叶片基体因高温氧化形成的氧化物,伴随表层的重熔将叶片基体表面微观缺陷焊合,获得了光滑、平整的涡轮叶片修复表面.实现了HIPIB辐照在涡轮叶片表面再制造方面的应用.     

关于中国加入WTO后影视高等教育体系的构想

关于中国加入WTO以后,如何适应新的形势和面对新的竞争,从而构建新的影视高等教育体系?本文从以下三个方面进行了论述:21世纪是彩色读图时代,影视知识技术是人才所必备的三大基本知识技术之一;中国的影视教育必须构建学历教育、职业技能教育和成人继续教育相结合的国民教育体系以及四合一的教育教学模式和产学研相结合的人才培养体制及其运行机制。     

Predicting and interpreting identification errors in military vehicle training using multidimensional scaling

We compared methods for predicting and understanding the source of confusion errors during military vehicle identification training. Participants completed training to identify main battle tanks. They also completed card-sorting and similarity-rating tasks to express their mental representation of resemblance across the set of training items. We expected participants to selectively attend to a subset of vehicle features during these tasks, and we hypothesised that we could predict identification confusion errors based on the outcomes of the card-sort and similarity-rating tasks. Based on card-sorting results, we were able to predict about 45% of observed identification confusions. Based on multidimensional scaling of the similarity-rating data, we could predict more than 80% of identification confusions. These methods also enabled us to infer the dimensions receiving significant attention from each participant. This understanding of mental representation may be crucial in creating personalised training that directs attention to features that are critical for accurate identification.

Practitioner Summary: Participants completed military vehicle identification training and testing, along with card-sorting and similarity-rating tasks. The data enabled us to predict up to 84% of identification confusion errors and to understand the mental representation underlying these errors. These methods have potential to improve training and reduce identification errors leading to fratricide.     

Testing usability and trainability of indirect touch interaction: perspective for the next generation of air traffic control systems

This study aims to determine whether indirect touch device can be used to interact with graphical objects displayed on another screen in an air traffic control (ATC) context. The introduction of such a device likely requires an adaptation of the sensory-motor system. The operator has to simultaneously perform movements on the horizontal plane while assessing them on the vertical plane. Thirty-six right-handed participants performed movement training with either constant or variable practice and with or without visual feedback of the displacement of their actions. Participants then performed a test phase without visual feedback. Performance improved in both practice conditions, but accuracy was higher with visual feedback. During the test phase, movement time was longer for those who had practiced with feedback, suggesting an element of dependency. However, this ‘cost’ of feedback did not extend to movement accuracy. Finally, participants who had received variable training performed better in the test phase, but accuracy was still unsatisfactory. We conclude that continuous visual feedback on the stylus position is necessary if tablets are to be introduced in ATC.     

用于提高谷歌图像搜索结果的二分类器在线学习方法

对于基于关键词的图像检索,利用检索结果的视觉相似性学习二分类器有望成为改善检索结果的最有效途径之一. 为改善搜索引擎的搜索结果,本文提出一种算法框架并且基于此框架着重研究训练数据选择这一关键问题. 训练数据选择过程由两个阶段组成:1）训练数据初始化以开始分类器学习过程;2）分类器迭代学习过程中的动态数据选择. 对于初始训练数据的选择,我们探讨了基于聚类和基于排序两种方法,并且对比了自动训练数据选择与人工标注的结果. 对于动态数据选择,我们比较了支持向量机和基于最大最小后验伪概率的贝叶斯分类器的分类效果. 组合上述两个阶段的不同方法,我们得到了8种不同的算法,并将其用于谷歌搜索引擎进行基于关键词的图像检索. 实验结果证明,如何从含有噪声的搜索结果中选择训练数据是搜索结果改善的关键问题. 实验显示我们的方法能够有效的改善谷歌搜索的结果,尤其是排序在前的结果. 尽早为用户提供更相关的结果能够更大程度的减少用户逐个翻页查看结果的工作. 另外,如何使自动训练数据选择与人工标注媲美仍是需要继续研究的一个问题.     

声学模型区分性训练中的动态加权数据选取方法

提出了一种基于动态加权的数据选取方法, 并应用到连续语音识别的声学模型区分性训练中. 该方法联合后验概率和音素准确率选取数据, 首先, 采用后验概率的Beam算法裁剪词图, 在此基础上依据候选词所在候选路径的错误率, 基于后验概率动态的赋予候选词不同的权值; 其次, 通过统计音素对之间的混淆程度, 给易混淆音素对动态地加以不同的惩罚权重, 计算音素准确率; 最后, 在估计得到弧段期望准确率分布的基础上, 采用高斯函数形式对所有竞争弧段的期望音素准确率软加权.实验结果表明, 与最小音素错误准则相比, 该动态加权方法识别准确率提高了0.61%, 可有效减少训练时间.     

对大学信息技术课程建设思路的探讨

随着社会产业结构的调整，信息技术教育的内容和要求发生了巨大变化，开创新的教育理念和教育方法要从课程建设和师资培养两个方面入手。课程建设是高等学校教学管理工作建设及专业建设的重要内容，师资培养是提高整体教育水平的关键。     

Effects of real‐time visual feedback on pre‐service teachers' singing

This pilot study focuses on the use real‐time visual feedback technology (VFT) in vocal training. The empirical research has two aims: to ascertain the effectiveness of the real‐time visual feedback software ‘Sing & See’ in the vocal training of pre‐service music teachers and the teachers' perspective on their experience with VFT. Forty participants from an undergraduate music teacher education programme were randomly assigned to three groups. The first two groups were assigned the teacher and student versions of Sing & See, respectively, and the third group served as a control group without access to the software. The experimental groups were given 12 weeks to use the software for vocal training on a self‐regulated basis. The technique of complex selections (TCS) was designed to assess the pitch accuracy and richness of vocal timbre. Pre‐ and post‐test singing tasks showed that the participants from the experimental groups significantly improved their vocal timbre. A questionnaire survey conducted after the training period found that most of the participants in the experimental s were positive about the effectiveness of VFT software in vocal training. As future leaders in the implementation of music education technology, pre‐service music teachers expressed a positive attitude towards the use of VFT as a technology‐enhanced learning (TEL) component in music education.