Control of droplet transfer in consumable electrode welding with short circuiting of the arcing gap

We present the results of an experimental programme of fatigue tests carried out on two types of butt joints with thicknesses of 20 and 40 mm respectively, characterized by a significant gap between weld edges, not compliant with the requirements of construction specifications. The tests were conducted on specimens taken from the weld beads of joints typical of those produced at the site (butt joints between web and flanges) and made with the same procedures (welding process, welding position, welding filler, etc.). The test results were elaborated statistically to determine the fatigue resistance category in accordance with the requirements of standard EN 1993-1-9 and IIW recommendations. Calculations took into account both the thickness of the specimens (tests were carried out on both to-scale and true-thickness specimens for the purposes of validation) and also flexural stress components induced by the non-planarity of the specimens.     

An examination of the relationship between workload and fatigue within and across consecutive days of work: Is the relationship static or dynamic?

Cognitive–energetical theories of information processing were used to generate predictions regarding the relationship between perceived workload and fatigue within and across consecutive days of work. Repeated measures were taken aboard a naval vessel from a sample of 20 Navy patrol vessel crew members during nonroutine and routine patrols. The hypotheses were tested through growth curve modeling. There was a nonmonotonic relationship between workload and fatigue in the routine patrol; moderate workload was associated with the lowest fatigue. The relationship between workload and fatigue changed over consecutive days in the nonroutine patrol. At the beginning of the patrol, low workload was associated with fatigue. At the end of the patrol, high workload was associated with fatigue. These results suggest that the optimal level of workload can change over time and thus have implications for the management of fatigue, particularly where prolonged operations are involved. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A newly developed life cycle inventory (LCI) database for commonly used structural steel components

The use of steel within the construction sector has enabled the delivery of larger-volume and more complex-shaped structures, while life cycle assessment (LCA) has been introduced as a pro-active design tool to ensure their sustainability. As LCA efficiency greatly depends on the life cycle inventory (LCI) data used, it is the purpose of the current research to present detailed structural steel LCI data and thus increase environmental benefits deriving from the effective use of LCA within construction. Hot-rolled structural steel members were chosen as the research starting point and the necessary information was provided by the leading structural steel manufacturer in Greece. Results include a list of environmental inputs and outputs, which can be used within relevant LCA studies and environmental impact assessment. Critical issues hindering the use of LCA were identified, along with the most environmentally damaging production stages and environmental categories mainly burdened. A new methodology for assessment results comparison was also applied.     

论陕西地区建筑混凝土预制构件商品化发展战略

利用系统理论和方法，通过大量的调查研究，提出了适合陕西省经济发展的建筑预测构件商品化发展战略。     

Intergroup helping as status relations: Effects of status stability, identification, and type of help on receptivity to high-status group's help.

Integrating research on social identity processes and helping relations, the authors proposed that low-status group members who are high identifiers will be unwilling to receive help from the high-status group when status relations are perceived as unstable and help is dependency-oriented. The first experiment, a minimal group experiment, found negative reactions to help from a high-status outgroup when status relations were unstable. The 2nd and 3rd experiments, which used real groups of Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews, replicated this finding and showed that high identifiers were less receptive to help from the high-status outgroup than low identifiers. The 4th experiment, a help-seeking experiment with real groups of competing high schools, found that the least amount of help was sought from a high-status group by high identifiers when status relations were perceived as unstable and help was dependency-oriented. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

锈蚀钢筋混凝土压弯构件的恢复力模型

混凝土压弯构件是混凝土结构中重要的受力构件，研究锈蚀钢筋对混凝土构件恢复力性能的影响，是研究服役混凝土结构抗震性能的重要内容．以退化三线形(D—TRI)模型为基础，通过对锈蚀混凝土压弯构件在低周反复加载下试验数据的统计分析，提出了确定锈蚀钢筋混凝土压弯构件恢复力模型中关键点的方法，分析了锈蚀构件的主筋锈蚀率与屈服剪力和屈服位移、极限剪力和极限位移、破坏剪力和破坏位移同完好构件各相应值之间的对应关系，初步建立了锈蚀钢筋混凝土压弯构件的恢复力模型的计算公式，给出了模型参数与钢筋锈蚀量的计算关系，为服役混凝土结构的地震反应分析与抗震可靠性评估奠定基础．     

跨文化语用学对翻译的指导作用

探索融大学生党员教育、管理和监督于一体的学生党员队伍建设新机制，对构建大学生党员先进性教育长效机制具有重要意义。学生党员教育管理机制创新应该着力建立学生党员意识养成机制、权利保障机制、能力增强机制、责任落实机制，实现先进性教育与思想政治教育、成才教育、制度建设、党组织活动、实践教育相结合，促进大学生先进性教育长效机制的形成。     

隔层悬挂楼盖的新型抗震结构体系

提出一种在普通多，高层框剪结构中隔层将楼盖悬挂在柱上的新型抗震结构体系，它集悬挂结构，质量制振结构及塑性铰内移内移式框架结构的抗震优越性于一体，只需要对普通框剪结构稍作改进即成。该体系受力传力清楚，施工方便。结构动力分析表明，所提出的体系减震效果优良。如果推广应用，将产生较大的经济及社会效益。     

无筋砖砌体受压构件计算机程序

文章列出了无筋砌体受压构件的承载力、抗裂性验算公式及砌体墙、柱高厚比验算公式，推导出了砖砌体材料性能，墙、柱允许高厚比等的解析计算公式，并用ＢＡＳＩＣ语言编写了相应的计算机程序。该程序可用于矩形截面墙、柱或带壁柱Ｔ形截面墙的承载力、抗裂性及高厚比的验算。该程序还可用于非标准强度等级砖、砂浆砌筑的墙、柱的计算。     

New members and associates of the American Psychological Association.

The Board of Directors announces that the following 1,949 persons were elected to initial membership in the American Psychological Association as of January 1, 1983. Of these 1,474 were elected as Members, and 475 as Associate members. In addition, in accordance with Article II, Section 8, of the Bylaws, 390 Associate members were transferred to Member status as of January 1, 1983. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)