基于遗传算法的Pareto多目标配电网重构

配电网重构一般采用对单一目标优化,而配电网重构却是一个多目标优化问题。因此,在此提出了基于小生境思想的遗传算法,以配电网的经济性、安全性和供电可靠性为目标,并采用Pareto寻优方式,得出Pareto最优解集,实现了和以往不同的另一种寻优方式,即先寻优后决策。在寻优过程中,通过小生境环境和交叉率和变异率的自适应机制,提高了遗传算法的全局收敛能力和收敛速度,并通过算例验证了方法的有效性。     

基于共享免疫粒子群算法的电力系统无功优化

针对电力系统无功优化中的粒子群算法计算效率较低,而且易陷入局部最优解等问题,将共享免疫粒子群算法应用到无功优化中,该算法在进行初始化时,运用正交的思想,使得粒子分布均匀;并用记忆粒子和克隆选择来更新粒子,这样可以很好地保持优化过程中粒子群的多样性。经过算例计算证明,共享免疫粒子群算法与其他算法相比,能够及时跳出局部最优得到全局最优解,且收敛速度快、精度高。     

基于最小欧式距离(1+1)小生境遗传算法的无功优化

针对电力系统无功优化存在的问题,提出了利用最小欧氏距离下(1+1)竞争小生境遗传算法,克服了小生境遗传算法中小生境难以确定的不足,改善了遗传算法容易陷入局部收敛和早熟的缺点。通过对IEEE30节点测试系统进行无功优化计算,验证了该算法全局搜索能力强、效率高。     

Leukemia-Induced Cellular Senescence and Stemness Alterations in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Reversible upon Withdrawal of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells

Leukemic cell growth in the bone marrow (BM) induces a very stressful condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), a key component of this BM niche, are affected in several ways with unfavorable consequences on hematopoietic stem cells favoring leukemic cells. These alterations in MSC during B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) have not been fully studied. In this work, we have compared the modifications that occur in an in vitro leukemic niche (LN) with those observed in MSC isolated from B-ALL patients. MSC in this LN niche showed features of a senescence process, i.e., altered morphology, increased senescence-associated β-Galactosidase (SA-βGAL) activity, and upregulation of p53 and p21 (without p16 expression), cell-cycle arrest, reduced clonogenicity, and some moderated changes in stemness properties. Importantly, almost all of these features were found in MSC isolated from B-ALL patients. These alterations rendered B-ALL cells susceptible to the chemotherapeutic agent dexamethasone. The senescent process seems to be transient since when leukemic cells are removed, normal MSC morphology is re-established, SA-βGAL expression is diminished, and MSC are capable of re-entering cell cycle. In addition, few cells showed low γH2AX phosphorylation that was reduced to basal levels upon cultivation. The reversibility of the senescent process in MSC must impinge important biological and clinical significance depending on cell interactions in the bone marrow at different stages of disease progression in B-ALL.     

基于种群划分与变异策略的粒子群优化算法

粒子群算法因其形式比较简洁，参数设置灵活，操作简便易行，并且能够快速收敛，从而引起广泛关注。但是传统的粒子群算法也有缺陷：收敛速度慢以及容易陷入局部最优等。针对这些问题，本文借鉴小生境的方法，在进化初始阶段，对种群进行划分，将初始种群分为子种群，对不同的子种群进行不同的变异策略；在进化过程中，针对不同的子种群，设置不同的惯性权重因子ω，用来增强全局搜索能力与局部搜索能力。实验结果表明，本文提出的算法较传统的粒子群算法具有较快的收敛性以及找寻的全局最优解更接近真实解集，收敛精度比较高。     

Pattern design and optimization of yarn-dyed plaid fabric using isolation niche genetic algorithm and rough set theory

Under the circumstance of perceptual consumption, it is still challenging to grasp consumer's emotions and demands due to the large search space, diversified preferences, and easy fatigue of consumers. To reduce user fatigue and enlarge search space, a novel method was presented to design and optimize the pattern of yarn-dyed plaid fabric using the isolation niche genetic algorithm and rough set theory. Each pattern was encoded as a chromosome based on the real number code. The population was initialized and evolved using INGA to maintain the diversity. The rough set theory was adopted as the fitness function of isolation niche genetic algorithm to extract the consumer's demands. After multiple evolutions, a large set of practical patterns of the yarn-dyed plaid fabric are obtained. Experiments were carried out by 24 testers of different ages and genders. The results prove that the proposed method based on the isolation niche genetic algorithm and rough set theory is feasible and effective, supplying references to the designer.     

结构性创新对组织绩效的影响机制研究

基于生态位理论,深入研究了结构性创新对组织绩效的影响机制,考察知识解构/知识重构的中介作用和知识共享/资源获取的调节作用。针对221个制造型企业的多时点研究发现：结构性创新正向影响组织绩效,知识解构和知识重构在其中起中介作用;知识共享调节结构性创新与知识解构/知识重构间的关系,也通过知识解构/知识重构调节结构性创新与组织绩效的间接关系;资源获取调节结构性创新与知识重构间的关系,也通过知识重构调节结构性创新与组织绩效的间接关系。     

基于小众化用户需求的产品设计方法

目的在消费人群需求层次日趋多样化、差异化的前提下,借用"小众化"消费群体需求概念,提出目标用户消费心态需求特征,针对目标用户需求特征进行满足需求的有效产品设计方法。方法通过小众群体需求特征的提炼,得出受小众用户青睐的个性化、休闲、愉悦、多样化、小批量、体验感等要素。基于要素构筑产品设计表现信息,提出突出设计新意、凸显用户体验、使用功能集成、体现个人定制等方法,并在每一方法中引用实际的案例验证该方法是否有效,从而探索如何把对目标用户研究结果转化为有效、具有美感、有针对性的产品设计手段。结论该方法通过消费心态来描述目标用户需求及特征,有效帮助产品设计定位,从而构建产品设计信息。能够解决在产品设计中个性化、情感化、多样化等问题,有针对性地表现用户符合认知、突出时尚、个性的特点。     

试爆在新烟囱爆破拆除中的应用

新烟囱爆破拆除前的试爆效果表明爆破设计方案及参数达不到预期要求,分析发现烟囱内壁有强度较高的耐火砖。根据烟囱结构和材质强度,合理地调整爆破方案和爆破参数,如增加单孔装药量,在烟囱切口内壁增设药龛,使用内壁裸露爆破辅助主孔爆破等,取得了理想的爆破效果。     

Unrestricted ramping rates and long‐term trends in the food web metrics of a boreal river

Long‐term monitoring of the food web of a regulated hydropeaking river was conducted to assess if previously documented effects of changing ramping rates (RRs) were maintained with the addition of 6 years of data. Using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses, we hypothesized that: (1) macroinvertebrates and fish inhabiting areas below peaking hydrodams would be higher in δ¹⁵N and lower in δ¹³C due to increased flow velocity and the influence of light respired dissolved inorganic carbon, relative to those sampled from areas with a natural flow regime; (2) the increase in δ¹⁵N of macroinvertebrates would lead a shorter food web length in the regulated river, but δ¹³C and niche width would be similar between the restricted and unrestricted RR periods (i.e., the BACI analysis); and (3) isotopic metrics (e.g., δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, niche width [SEA_B], and food chain length [Δ¹⁵N]) would correlate with variations in flow characteristics through time. Consistent with previous analysis conducted over a shorter time period, a shift toward higher δ¹⁵N values was observed for both fish and invertebrates, but, contrarily, only invertebrates (not fish) had a lower δ¹³C value downstream of the dam. Over the long term, the before‐after‐control‐impact analysis found no effect of RRs on any of the food web metrics, implying that the change in operation did not affect the river food web. However, analysis of the time series data indicated that flow metrics and trophic metrics were often correlated, including a negative effect of RR (invertebrates) and discharge (fish) on food chain length. This study illustrates the difficulty in detecting changes in food web structure and function under changing flow regime influenced by natural and anthropogenic effects. As such, this study highlights the need for considering large spatial and temporal scales to differentiate between confounding effects of climate, natural variability, and altered flow regimes on food webs in regulated rivers.