NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRATIFIED FLOW WITH BOTH VERTICAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENT AND VERTICAL SALINITY GRADIENT

Density stratified flow with both the vertical temperature gradient and the verti-cal salinity gradient is simulated numerically, in which turbulent terms are calculated by a sim-plified turbulence stress/flux algebraic model. The feature of stratification and turbulence is de-scribed correctly by the model. The computational results agree well with the experimental data.However, the k-e turbulence model is not so successful.     

光纤传感器在海洋环境监测中的应用

海洋是个特殊的环境,为许多光纤传感器提供了一个极好的应用领域。对于海洋这个特殊的“敌对”环境,光纤传感器将面临许多挑战。 本文着重介绍应用于海水温度、浊度、盐份浓度、浮游生物和溶解物光吸收量以及环境湿度等海洋环境参数监测的光纤传感器的原理、结构和特性,展望光纤传感器在海洋环境监测方面的美好前景。     

How to Control Robots Interacting with Dynamic Environment

The goal of this paper is to shed light on the control problem of constrained robot motion from the aspect of the dynamical nature of the environment with which the robot is in contact. Therefore, the criticism of traditional hybrid control which allows position/force feedback loops to split into independent control with respect to position and force, is not the main point we want to make. Reference to the papers written by the founders of hybrid control and their numerous followers served only to better understand the reason and motivation for suggesting a different approach to control of robots interacting with environment.The paper has a predominantly review character, based on recently published work. It also contains some new, unpublished results in the framework of the unified approach to the position/force control of robots, proposed by the present author and his co-workers. By pointing to the possibility of introducing an environment dynamics in the contact tasks of the machining type, the author emphasizes that the proposed dynamically interactive control can be applied to a completely different class of tasks, in which a contact is made between the system (constructions or structure) and very specific kinds of dynamic environments.     

西安绿色康居小区规划设计剖析

通过对西安绿色康居小区规划设计的实例分析，阐明了小康型住宅区的标准和要求，在旧城住宅区改造中的落实和运用，试图探索下一世纪旧城住宅区的改造之路．     

二维金属凹槽填充各向异性介质时散射的边界元方法:TE情形

由各向异性介质无界空间Green函数和Green恒等式出发，推导了TE波入射时二维任意截面金属凹槽填充各向异性介质时所满足的边界积分方程，并用边界元法和广义网络原理计算了金属凹槽填充各向异性介质时的散射。用文中方法退化计算了凹槽填充各向同性介质时的散射，计算结果与解析结果一致。并给出了凹槽填充各向异性介质时的散射算例。     

宣钢近北庄铁矿露采边坡稳定的结构分析

以宣钢近北庄铁矿露采边坡稳定性研究为例，说细说明了岩体结构分析方法的应用。     

氢/空气火焰在半开口有障碍管道中的传播特性

针对氢／空气混合物，通过实验研究了其预混火焰在半开口管道中的火焰传播加速现象。结果表明，火焰传播状态随着氢气当量比的变化而发生改变。当氢／空气混合物被点燃后，由于障碍物的扰动，火焰在管道中不断加速传播，并最终到达一准稳态传播。在氢气当量比0．34附近时，火焰速度发生跃变。当氢气当量比足够大时，火焰传播由爆燃态转变为爆轰态。在本实验条件下，爆燃转准爆轰的临界条件是d/λ=2.6(d是圆环形障碍物内径，λ是爆轰格胞尺度）。障碍物阻塞比的变化对最大火焰速度和压力提升的影响不明显。     

营造温馨的家园--谈住宅设计中的一些认识与体会

本文通过住宅区总体规划与环境设计,居住户型的多样化,美观大方的住宅立面设计,方便安全的停车场所四个方面谈了自己对住宅设计的认识与体会.     

高效环保型水基洗井液室内研究与性能评价

以渤海最大稠油油田SZ36-1油田的油污为研究对象,采用多种表面活性剂复配,研制了高效环保型水基洗井液;并对该洗井液的油污 清洗性能,与原油、地层水配伍性以及储层保护和环保等性能进行了系统地评价.结果表明 ,高效环保型水基洗井液对稠油油污具有良好的清洗能力;与0#柴油相比较,不仅洗井成 本低、时间短,而且还具有防腐作用和环保性能好等优点;同时,该洗井液还具有良好的配伍性和储层保护性能.     

疏松砂岩油藏膨胀筛管裸眼防砂技术

胜利海上新区产能建设区块今后面临的油藏大多是原油粘度高、油层薄的低品位油藏,为提高海上油井单井产能,提高低品位油藏开发效果,开展了提高油井产能防砂工艺研究。膨胀筛管裸眼防砂是在同一井眼机械防砂后油井内径和泄流面积最大的防砂工艺,能够大幅度提高油井产能。埕岛油田开展了疏松砂岩油藏膨胀筛管裸眼防砂技术先导试验,比邻井平均产能提高131%,含水仅为邻井的40%,为提高海上低品位油藏开发效益,加快海上采油速度做了成功的实践。