具有多重焦点的波带透镜的设计

本文提出了一种新型的具有多重焦点的波带透镜的概念及其设计方法。可提供某些特定的光场分布,而且具有性能稳定、微型化和可实际制作等特点。     

Delaminations at the free edge of a composite laminate

The concept of a fracture process zone where damage takes place is used to analyse the delaminations at the free edges of angle ply laminates under uniaxial tension. The use of a fracture process zone removes the singularity in the interlaminar stresses and enables the initiation and growth of delaminations to be modelled for a perfect laminate without any assumed prior defects. Two different models for the stress displacement relationship in the fracture process zone are examined: a constant stress up to critical displacement and a linear relationship. Finite element analysis shows that there is little difference in the predictions obtained from the two models. An approximate analysis is presented for the constant stress stress-displacement model which is shown to agree with a finite element solution and experimental data. Hence it is argued that the approximate method using a constant stress model for the fracture process zone is sufficient for accurate prediction of delaminations.     

某大型企业网络安全防御系统的设计

为提高某企业网络的安全防护等级,有效抵御网络黑客和攻击,基于企业当前的网络现状,分析企业的安全需求,设计部署企业的安全防御系统。新的设计方案能有效过滤简单网络攻击,识别复杂网络攻击,全面防护企业网。     

一种基于SOC技术的车载终端优化设计方案

介绍一种基于嵌入式技术的车载监控系统。通过对各种定位技术、无线通信技术研究比较论证,确定以SOC为核心处理器、GPS实现定位、GPRS无线网络为通信方式的解决方案。详细阐述车载终端的软硬件设计,并对系统性能测试结果做介绍。测试证明,该车载终端系统能够胜任车辆定位、跟踪监控等工作,而且系统具备盲区补偿的功能,扩展空间大,易于升级。     

地震断裂带高铁大跨拱桥深基坑钢板桩围堰支护试验与监测

针对大跨度高速铁路拱桥建设对深基坑开挖施工的安全性要求,为了研究钢板桩围堰支护在大跨度高速铁路拱桥深基坑施工中的可行性,以新建徐盐高铁徐洪河特大桥工程项目为依托,通过数值模拟及现场试验监测,对深基坑钢板桩围堰支护在施工过程中的形变及受力情况进行分析。结果表明:通过有限元模拟分析,钢板桩围堰最危险受力点处于钢板桩中部、中上部及四角连接处,围堰第4道内支撑内力较其他3道内支撑大。整个施工过程中工况5为施工最不利工况。由监测结果可知,在施工过程中钢板桩单日最大位移值为2.8mm,最大累计位移值为24.0mm,均未达到预警值,施工过程中钢板桩形变稳定。钢支撑轴力受基坑周边荷载的影响明显,围堰钢支撑最大压力值为147.31kN,最大拉力值为24.95kN,未达到预警值,结构安全。研究结果可供同类型工程施工参考。     

Electrical conductivity,self-diffusion,and volume expansion of alkali halides at the melting point

In an earlier paper, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle was invoked at the melting point T _m of crystalline solids to provide fundamental justification for Lindemann's melting law and to compute diffusion coefficients of several alkali halides. The uncertainty principle defines breakdown of Debye zone boundary (ZB) phonons as valid collective excitations when phonon energies and line widths due to anharmonicity become comparable at T _m. Upon breakdown, random, high-frequency single-particle motion or partial decoupling of crystal ions sets in. Lifetimes of these single-particle ZB motions are determined from the minimum-uncertainty product inequality by assuming that it becomes an equality at T _m for ZB phonons. The present paper addresses improved formulation of that work and extended application to ionic electrical conductivities of 18 molten alkali halides at T _m. It is shown that use of the Debye model produces an approximate lower bound to the mean free time, not the unconstrained direct estimate previouslu implied. This feature is generally reflected in results for ionic conductivities and alkali halide diffusion coefficients for which comparison experimental data were found. However, in spite of this lower-bound formulation and the simple nature of the computation, the results compare favorably with experiment. A model of random single-particle harmonic motion superimposed on the lower-frequency collective motion is proposed to account for volume expansion accompanying the partial decoupling for hard-sphere ions. Experimental comparisons for 15 alkali halides show the decoupling volume change to account largely for the total volume change of melting (in the hard-sphere approximation), yielding a closer agreement with experiment than recent calculations aimed explicitly at the total volume change.Paper presented at the Tenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 20–23, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.     

X80管线钢焊接热影响区的韧性分析

X80管线钢在焊接过程中,热影响区由于受到焊接过程热的作用,其组织和性能会发生较大的变化.韧性是天然气长输管线的重要性能,采用热模拟技术、现代工程测试手段和显微分析方法,分析了不同热输入参数下X80管线钢焊接热影响区粗晶区(CGHAZ)韧性(夏比冲击功和CTOD)的差异及其原因.在一定范围内,较高焊接热输入下CGHAZ的韧性比较低热输入下CGHAZ的韧性明显高,超过一定范围,随着热输入的增加韧性激剧下降.造成不同热输入下韧性差异的根本原因是由CGHAZ显微组织的差异引起的.较低的热输入下CGHAZ中产生了一定量的低碳马氏体,从而导致韧性较差.     

基于局地气候分区的街区地表形态特征与热湿环境的关联性研究

为研究湿热地区街区尺度地表形态特征对城市热湿环境的影响, 基于局地气候分区的分类方法, 在湿热地区广州市选取了7个典型街区并对其进行地表形态特征的参数化表达; 采用实测与ENVI-met模拟相结合的方法, 分析了不同街区地表形态特征条件下的热湿环境参数时空分布特征。结果表明, 具有高层密集建筑群的街区内呈现出较低的空气温度, 而紧凑低层建筑区呈现出高温低湿的热湿环境, 开敞空间的街区内空气温度与相对湿度分布更均衡, 空间差异性较小。此外, 基于实测数据对ENVI-met软件模拟湿热地区街区热湿环境的结果精度进行了验证, 结果表明ENVI-met整体上可以较好地预测湿热地区不同街区内的热湿环境特征, 但对于紧凑低层建筑区的模拟精度偏低。     

硅烷涂层提升钢纤维-砂浆界面性能的试验研究

为了提升钢纤维-砂浆界面的黏结性能,采用9种基于硅烷的表面处理剂对钢纤维进行浸渍处理并高温固化成膜;埋置于水泥砂浆圆柱体试块中,开展单根纤维拉拔试验,获得拉拔荷载-位移曲线. 试验结果表明,采用不同的硅烷涂层对钢纤维进行表面改性,可以不同程度地改善钢纤维-砂浆界面的黏结性能;拉拔峰值荷载最高增加5.75倍,拉拔能耗最多增加2.48倍. 硅烷Z6011和Z6020及复合涂层能够较大幅度地提升界面黏结强度,主要增加钢纤维与砂浆界面的化学黏结力;硅烷Z6030和Z6040及复合涂层对界面黏结强度的提升幅度相对较小,主要增加界面滑移摩擦力. 采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究界面黏结性能的提升机理,发现硅烷涂层使得界面过渡区的微观结构更致密,显著提升了钢纤维-砂浆之间的黏结性能.     

汽车覆盖件冲压工艺/模具计算机辅助技术的发展现状

系统全面地论述了汽车覆盖件冲压模具数字化技术CAD／CAM／CAPP的发展现状，总结了目前存在的问题，并指出了未来的研究发展方向。