碳纤维混凝土在动态称重中的应用

目的 在弹性阶段对碳纤维混凝土(CFRC)条块试件施加荷载,得出荷载与相对电阻率变化率之间的关系.方法 通过改变加载位置、加载频率、加栽范围,测定荷载与试件电压之间的相互关系.计算得出相对电阻率变化率与电压之间的相互关系.通过曲线拟合,得出的曲线斜率反映压敏性的大小.结果 得出了条块的相对电阻率变化率与荷载的关系,相对电阻率变化率与荷载近似呈线性关系,通过拟合,斜率K的绝对值为0.316 9.在相同荷载作用下,改变加载速度和加载位置对条块的相对电阻率变化率影响不大.结论 碳纤维混凝土条块具有较好的压敏性.荷载与相对电阻率变化率近似呈线性关系,从而可实现动态称重.     

CSAMT在厦门杏林湾寻找深部地热中的应用

杏林湾地区地热资源丰富、构造复杂,采用CSAMT法对该区进行工作,采用一维反演结果,通过对不同深度卡尼亚电阻率平面图的分析,基本查明测区内各构造的空间分布及特征,经钻孔验证,证实了CSAMT法在寻找深部构造中的可靠性和可行性。     

高密度电阻率法在邢台某采空区沉降评价中的应用

在前人利用高密度电阻率法探测地下采空区工作的基础上,基于采空区在沉降作用下形成的破坏＂三带＂的结构特点,依据其导电性差异,分析了利用高密度电阻率法查明采空区＂三带＂分布的可行性,并提出,利用该方法不仅可圈定出地下采空区的位置,又能查明采空区沉降评价所需＂三带＂的分布特征。实践表明,高密度电阻率法是采空区沉降评价中低耗高效,信息丰富,探测精度高的行之有效的探测技术。     

物探方法在隧道勘查中的应用探讨

通过对若干隧道的物探勘查表明,合理的运用高密度电法、地震折射波法和瞬态瑞雷波法以及声波测井法,可以有效的查明隧址区第四系覆盖层厚度、基岩垂向分带情况,推定断裂等构造破碎带的位置和产状,计算岩体波速、划分围岩级别,为隧址区的工程评价和隧址的合理选择提供科学依据。指出目前折射波法勘探存在的局限性,强调综合物探的合理性。提出采用高密度电阻率法、声波测井法和瞬态瑞雷波法的综合勘查方法进行隧道工程物探勘查,期望能为今后的隧道物探勘查提供指导。     

Determination of Inversion Temperature of Sb2O3-Doped BaTiO3 Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity (PTCR) Ceramics by the Finite Difference Method

The effect of the cooling rate on the PTCR (positive temperature coefficient of resistivity) characteristics of 0.1 mol% Sb₂O₃-doped BaTiO₃ ceramics has been investigated. Resistances both below and above the Curie temperature were increased by slow cooling, which indicated that the resistive layer width at the grain boundary increased as the cooling rate decreased. Concentration profiles of the Ba vacancies as a function of distance from the grain boundary have been simulated by the finite difference method. The inversion temperature of the 0.1 mol% Sb₂O₃-doped BaTiO₃ system was determined to be 1160°C from the measured electrical properties and computed concentration profiles.     

直流电阻率法在煤层底板水害监测中的应用研究

目前针对直流电阻率法在煤层底板水害监测中应用的研究成果主要集中于底板变形与破坏的电阻率响应特征上,对导水通道动态发育过程的电阻率变化规律研究较少。针对华北型煤田面临的底板承压水害问题,采用直流电阻率法对采动影响下的底板含、导水异常构造进行监测。首先,介绍了采煤工作面直流电阻率监测系统工作原理和基于电阻率三维反演的监测数据自动处理解释方法;然后,构建了底板突水过程监测地质模型,对底板含、导水构造发育过程进行数值模拟研究;最后,在煤矿井下开展了底板直流电阻率监测试验。数值模拟结果表明:根据电阻率三维反演结果可识别含、导水异常构造在测线走向上的展布范围;根据电阻率随时间的变化趋势可推断异常构造的发育情况,随着含、导水异常构造向上发育,低阻异常响应逐渐增强,低阻异常在垂向的展布范围逐渐增大。井下试验结果表明:利用直流电阻率监测成功捕捉了采煤工作面底板出水过程,电阻率出现异常变化的时间早于工作面实际出水时间;工作面涌水量增加之前,低阻响应表现出逐渐增强的变化趋势,与数值模拟结果基本一致;工作面出水后,低阻异常逐渐减弱。研究结果表明可利用直流电阻率法进行工作面水害预警,但要准确判断异常构造的发育高度还需结合其他监测手段进行综合解释。     

纳米石墨烯整理涤棉织物防静电性能研究

研究纳米石墨烯整理涤棉织物的防静电性能。采用纳米石墨烯(G)作为防静电剂,水溶性聚氨酯(PU)为黏合助剂,通过轧-烘-焙方法对涤棉织物进行涂层整理并研究相关性能。通过扫描电子显微镜表征分析改性棉织物的表观形态和结构;采用表面电阻率作为衡量防静电的参数,并对其机械性能、透气性和耐水洗等服用性能进行测试。结果表明:随纳米石墨烯质量分数的增加,整理织物导电性能提高。当石墨烯添加量为0.5%(质量分数)时,其表面电阻率为3.98×10~(-4)Ω·m,具有优异的防静电性能。纳米石墨烯整理织物可应用于特殊行业静电防护服装和精密仪器静电防护套等。     

高密度电法与AMT在断裂构造调查中的综合应用

将音频大地电磁测量(AMT)和常规高密度电法相结合,综合利用两种方法的优点查找隐伏断裂构造具有较强的实用性。本文以龙门山断裂带隐伏断层调查为实例,首先介绍了工作区域的地电特征(判断是否具备开展电法工作的前提条件)、两种方法的工作原理及各自的数据处理流程,然后将同一测线上两种方法的测量成果加以对比,从而阐明两种方法各自的优缺点:AMT法测量深度大,但分辨率较低,高密度电法测量深度较浅,但分辨率高;AMT法易受外界电磁场干扰,而高密度电法易受水系、农田等低阻带影响。综上所述,二者在成果及适用范围上具有较高的互补性,在实际工作中适时地将两种方法结合起来,可以达到很好的效果。     

Water abundance of mine floor limestone by simulation experiment

The water abundance of mine floor limestone needs to be solved urgently as the average depth of coal mining in China has increased gradually. A method is presented to discuss water abundance with the numerical and physical layered geoelectrical model being established in the half-space, full-space and full-space with tunnel, respectively. The parameters of water abundance are changed in this study, which includes water quantity, water content and volume of abnormity of water-containing abnormity. Results indicate that the different work fields have different macroscopic influences on the apparent resistivity,and the water abundance parameters of water-containing abnormity have quantitative relationship with the apparent resistivity mean in abnormal regions(three-dimensional space region). The quantitative relationships are shown as following: firstly, the amount of water injection has negative linear correlation with the apparent resistivity mean; secondly, when abnormity is unsaturated, there is a negative power function relationship between water content and apparent resistivity mean; thirdly, the volume of abnormity and apparent resistivity mean behave as a decreasing power function law.     

Surface resistivity of carbonaceous fiber/PTFE antistatic coatings

Abstract： PAN （Polyacrylonitrile）-based carbonaceous fibers were prepared at the heat treatment temperature （HTT） range of 650 to 900 ℃. The relationships among HTT, carbon content and volume resistivity of the carbonaceous fibers were investigated. The carbonaceous fibers/PTFE （Polytetrafluoroethylene） antistatic coatings were prepared by the spraying technology and the effects of carbonaceous fibers and pigments on surface resistivity of the coatings were systematically discussed. Micrographs provide insight into the antistatic mechanism of the coating. The results show that carbon content of the carbonaceous fibers increases from 68.8% to 74.8% （mass fraction） and the volume resistivity decreases drastically from 1.94× 10^-3 to 8.27× 10 ^-2.cm. The surface resistivity of the antistatic coating is adjustable between 10^5 and 10^8Ω2 to fit the different antistatic materials. Static is dissipated by a conductive network of short fibers and the tunneling effect between the neighboring fibers and conductive pigments. Conductive pigments make the conductive network more perfect and improve the antistatic ability, but insulating pigments acting as barriers for the formation of conductive channel increases the surface resistivity of the coatings. The influence of pigments on the surface resistivity drops gradually with the decrease of the carbonaceous fibers volume resistivity.