基于动态贝叶斯网络的海底管道点蚀疲劳损伤失效模型研究

目的研究海底管道在点腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳双重影响下的整个破坏过程,基于动态贝叶斯网络构建系统失效模型,对海底管道系统不同疲劳寿命下的失效概率进行预测。方法将点蚀疲劳损伤过程分为腐蚀点成核、腐蚀坑增长、短裂纹扩展和长裂纹扩展四个阶段,采用蒙特卡洛模拟方法对腐蚀点形成到短裂纹发生前的管道破坏过程进行分析,结合疲劳裂纹扩展的动态贝叶斯网络结构图,在充分考虑相关影响因素不确定性的基础上,为海底点蚀管道系统提出一种创新性的概率分析方法,对点蚀管道疲劳寿命的失效概率进行科学预测。结果结合实例分析,通过蒙特卡洛模拟方法,求解得出腐蚀坑增长转变为短裂纹扩展状态的临界裂纹尺寸为0.8mm。采用动态贝叶斯网络分析方法,对未经受维修保养的点蚀管道进行疲劳寿命预测,当管道运行到第35年时将会面临失效风险。结论所构建的模型可以对海底点蚀管道腐蚀疲劳寿命失效概率进行合理预测,通过观测相关影响参数的变化,及时更新预测结果,有助于为海底管道系统制定有效的维修策略。     

白19井排水管线的化学清洗

对于产水气田,地面集输系统结垢时有发生,结垢会造成设备及管线堵塞和腐蚀,对排水采气工艺的实施影响极大。文中介绍了西南油气田分公司蜀南气矿白19井排水管线的结垢及化学清洗情况,并结合现场施工对排水管线的化学清洗提出了几点认识与建议。     

洪湖-荆门原油输送管道腐蚀调查评估

按照SY/T0087-95《钢质管道及储罐腐蚀与防护调查方法标准》,对洪湖-荆门原油输送管道进行了腐蚀调查评估,并采用PCM埋地管道电流测绘系统、C扫描埋地管线防腐蚀检测系统、变频-选频法3种目前典型的测量仪器和技术分别测试了管道防腐蚀层的绝缘电阻Rg,确定了管道防腐蚀层缺陷的位置,从而对阴极保护系统的运行现状进行了评估,并提出改进意见和防腐蚀对策.     

管道内外喷涂超高性能熔结环氧粉末防腐蚀技术

管道内外喷涂超高性能熔结环氧粉末(SEBF)是一项防腐蚀效果好、能耗低、污染小的管道防腐蚀技术.详细介绍了采用喷、抛丸除锈和静电粉末喷涂、中频炉加热等工艺的SEBF内外防腐蚀生产线的主要设备、技术和工艺.实际使用证明,采用该技术的管道喷涂生产线大大提高了生产效率和管道防腐蚀效果,具有投资少、自动化程度高等优点,具有广阔的应用前景.     

海底腐蚀管道剩余强度评估方法对比

为了准确评估海底腐蚀油气管道的剩余强度,对目前常用的5种海底管道腐蚀强度评估方法,即ASME-B31G 标准、管道腐蚀准则方法（PCORRC）、DNV-RP-F101标准、API 579准则和有限元分析方法的评估原理、适用范围以及相互之间的异同点进行了对比,从而优选出更合理准确的剩余强度评估方法。分析结果表明,有限元分析方法不但考虑到了管道内缺陷之间的相互作用对评估结果的影响,还考虑到了缺陷形状和尺寸对评估结果的影响以及管道外界载荷的影响,且评估过程不需要近似公式,评估环境与实际环境类似,所以评估结果的准确性较高,未来应加强有限元分析方法的使用。     

输油管道梁式直跨段弯管处应力的数值计算

在长输埋地管道的施工中, 由于地形复杂多变, 弯管被广泛应用于管路系统当中。因为弯管具有特殊的形状和结构形式, 所以弯管不但可以改变管道的轴线方向, 而且增加管线的柔性。但是, 在特殊的环境条件下,弯管往往是管路系统中应力集中的部位, 在一定的条件下会引起塑性变形, 给管道的安全运行带来隐患。应用有限 元分析软件, 对埋地输油管道的特殊点处( 弯管) 的应力进行了数值计算与分析, 得到了埋地输油管道在管路穿越段局部承受径向压力载荷时弯管处 V o nM i s e s应力分布规律, 以及当载荷长度、 弯管角度和曲率半径对弯管所受应力的影响规律。     

基于神经网络的埋地管道防腐层缺陷检测

本文介绍了一种对埋地管道施加小幅度恒电流阶跃信号检测防腐层状态的电化学测试方法.提出利用人工神经网络对检测的响应数据进行智能判断,建立了防腐层状态判断网络模型.现场实验证明,用这种方法可以对埋地管道防腐层缺陷进行检测.     

爆炸冲击波作用下管道穿墙板防护密闭性破坏研究

爆炸冲击波作用下人防工程各种管道穿墙板构造部位防护密闭性是否受到破坏,是一个值得深入研究的问题.对爆炸冲击波作用下穿墙板管道进行了受力分析与计算,并对管道穿墙板的构造部位进行了爆炸冲击波模拟实验.试验结果表明人防工程在各抗力等级爆炸冲击波作用下,管道穿墙板做法可采用刚性防水套管做法替代刚性密闭套管做法,且穿墙板管道直径可以达到100 mm以上,同时,试验结果与提出的模型计算结论是相一致的,表明该模型的建立是合理的.     

Numerical Simulation Software for Oil Sand Slurry Flow in Flexible Pipelines

In order to optimize the hydraulic transportation system efficiency and cost in the surface extraction of Athabasca oil sand deposits in Canada, there is a desire to extend the hydraulic transport system to production faces in oil sands mines using mobile train of Flex-Rite-based flexible pipelines. Hydraulic transportation system based on flexible-pipe arrangement has been shown to be more competitive than the dump-truck transportation system. This flexible arrangement introduces a unique set of hydraulic transport problems which needs rigorous modeling, experimentation, and analysis to understand the system production capacities and efficiency. Part of the work presented here is an attempt to provide multiphase oil sand slurry simulation and modeling by developing a slurry flow simulator, a graphical user interface-based software, for Flex-Rite flexible-pipe train, a form of hydraulic transportation system. Such software provides a tool/platform for rigorous experimentation and analysis of flow and production capacities.     

Large Deformation Finite-Element Analysis of Submarine Landslide Interaction with Embedded Pipelines

Submarine landslides represent one of the most significant geohazards on the continental slope in respect of the risk they pose to infrastructure such as deep water pipelines. A numerical approach, based on the finite-element method but using remeshing, was established in this paper to simulate large flow deformation of debris from a landslide and to quantify the loads and displacements imposed on pipelines embedded in the seabed. A simple two-dimensional elastic perfectly plastic soil model with plane strain conditions was employed in this analysis. The pipeline was restrained by a set of springs so that the load on the pipeline built up to a stable value, representing the limiting load at which the debris flowed over the pipeline. A parametric study was undertaken by varying the pipeline embedment and the relative strengths of the debris and seabed. The analysis results show that the various combinations of soil strength and embedment depth lead to different debris-pipeline movement patterns and consequently lead to rather different magnitudes of the loads imposed on pipelines. The pipeline is subjected to the largest load (an equivalent pressure of 11.5 times debris strength) from the landslide when it rests on the weakest seabed. The pressure is proportional to the debris material strength but varies inversely with the seabed strength for partially embedded pipelines. For all strength combinations, there is a critical embedment depth beyond which the force on the pipeline reduces to a very small magnitude.