胎圈增强胶片在轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用

研究胎圈增强胶片在轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用。结果表明:胎圈增强胶片可明显提升胎圈耐久性能;与胎体帘布贴合增强胶片相比,增强胶片与胎侧型胶复合挤出可以提高生产效率、降低生产成本,并进一步提高轮胎及其胎圈的耐久性能;与使用较低硬度和模量增强胶片的轮胎相比,使用较高硬度和模量增强胶片的轮胎及其胎圈耐久性能均更好。     

澄清剂对超白浮法玻璃可见光透过率的影响

探究高温分解型澄清剂Na₂SO₄+C(炭粉)和氧化还原型澄清剂CeO₂+NaNO₃对超白浮法平板玻璃可见光透过率的影响。结果表明,随着Na₂SO₄和C量的增加,超白玻璃的可见光透过率随之增加,从91.30%提升至91.87%。而氧化还原型澄清剂中的CeO₂质量分数小于0.07%时,超白玻璃的可见光透过率并没有实质性增加;CeO₂质量分数超过0.07%时,增长趋势明显。相对于高温分解型澄清剂Na₂SO₄+C,氧化还原型澄清剂CeO₂+NaNO₃具有更显著的氧化性,有助于Fe²⁺/Fe_总减少,但是Ce⁴⁺的自身着色和紫外截止效应影响了可见光透过率,建议使用量的质量分数不超过0.07%。     

基于后向光散射的颗粒测量技术研究

颗粒粒径和颗粒折射率是光散射颗粒测量技术中的重要参数。为了实现颗粒粒径的测量及其分档,在广义Mie理论基础上,分析了颗粒粒径及折射率对后向散射光能分布的影响,并得到了后向散射光能分布随颗粒粒径及折射率呈周期变化规律。实验验证结果表明,后向散射光能与颗粒粒径及颗粒浓度有关。研究结果可为后续的颗粒测量研究提供参考。     

基于光场相机的深度面光场计算重构

光场相机与传统相机不同,通过在主镜组和传感器间特定位置设置微透镜阵列,实现在采集物方光强的同时记录光线方向。为了重构物方光场,研究了基于光场相机的深度面计算重构算法,对该算法所采用的焦点堆栈、投影切片定理进行研究。首先,对四维光场定义及光场相机工作原理进行分析;建立了相机内部深度面重构模型,分析了投影切片定理在深度面获取的应用,并推导出不同深度面图像表达式;根据得到不同深度位置图像,研究了计算重构算法,搭建了含有微透镜阵列的微型单相机光场采集系统,采集原始光场,利用本文方法实现了物方光场的逆向重构。实验结果表明:利用本文重构算法,光场相机采集的物方光场可通过滤波计算方法逆向重构,通过重构光场数据可获得物方场景深度信息。本文深度面获取算法较其他算法节省30%以上的时间,各深度面图像峰值信噪比在25~30dB之间,实现了高精度、稳定可靠的计算光场重构。     

快速空间测角系统中偏振棱镜消光比的影响

为了在一定平移范围内实现快速空间测角系统的测量功能,对一定入射及方位角的光束经过Glan-Taylor棱镜后导致的非均匀分布的消光比参数引起的系统测角误差进行了研究。首先,建立系统坐标系模型,采用光线追迹法及偏振光的琼斯矩阵描述方式,对格兰-泰勒棱镜消光比参数引起的测角误差进行了理论推导;接着,结合一定入射及方位角下非均匀分布的消光比参数,运用Matlab软件进行了仿真分析。最后,通过搭建实验平台,利用平移接收单元来模拟不同的入射方位及角度变化;根据实验值与仿真结果的对比分析,得出非均匀分布的消光比对测角精度的影响。结果表明,在一定的出射光范围内,入射角是影响消光比非均匀分布进而影响系统测角精度的主要因素,当方位角为90°时,系统测角误差较小;全方位角范围内系统测角误差随入射角的增大而显著增大,由此验证了理论分析的正确性。该研究成果对优化测角系统结构并进一步提高系统性能具有一定的指导意义。     

Relation between light trapping and surface topography of plasma textured crystalline silicon wafers

Currently, in the photovoltaic industry, wet chemical etching technologies are used for saw damage removal and surface texturing. Alternative to wet chemical etching is plasma etching. However, as for example, the linear microwave plasma technique, developed by Roth&Rau, has not been implemented in the photovoltaic industry for etching, because of the very low etch rate (<1 µm/min) and the high cost of ownership related to the etching process. In this study, different front surface textured crystalline silicon wafers obtained by means of the linear microwave plasma technique and the expanding thermal plasma technique are investigated in terms of weighted reflection by using reflectometry (250–1200 nm) to study the optical properties of the textures in detail. In addition, atomic force microscopy is used to measure the surface topography to determine statistical roughness parameters, as presented in this paper. Effective light trapping can be obtained by multiple reflections as well as by a graded layer, which leads to a diffuse front surface, or a combination of both. A graded layer can be described as a smooth transition with increasing refractive index from air to silicon with typical thickness of (200 ± 50) nm. We have found that the average plane tilt angle correlates to the measured weighted reflection. Moreover, we can determine from the aspect ratio whether the light trapping is effective by multiple reflections. From the roughness exponent, which is a measure for the micro roughness, we can determine whether the light trapping is effective by a graded layer. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ABB 3501型红外分析仪测量读数不变的故障处理

切光马达使用寿命到期之后就会停转,从而对仪表的测量造成误差,失真的仪表示值又会对工艺人员的操作造成直接的影响,进而影响工艺产品的产品质量。本文通过对这种红外分析仪最常见的且容易发生的故障进行分析,并写出如何更换马达,以及更换后使用效果很好地恢复这一示例,给出了解决马达失效停转问题的正确方法。     

煤焦油加氢转化技术

分析了国内已经研究开发的煤焦油加氢转化技术,按照各技术的特点和轻油产品收率将现有煤焦油加氢转化技术划分为轻馏分油固定床加氢精制、减压馏分油固定床加氢裂化、全馏分油固定床加氢裂化、延迟焦化-固定床加氢裂化联合加工、悬浮床和沸腾床加氢裂化5类技术,分别介绍了每种技术的工艺流程特点和发展状况,分析了各自的优缺点、局限性、技术难点和实用性。建议今后应关注煤焦油生产芳烃产品、酚类产品技术的开发,以及开发煤焦油脱水脱盐技术,进一步完善、配套煤焦油加氢转化技术。     

Hybrid Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Low Color-Temperature and High Efficiency for Physiologically-Friendly Night Illumination

Low color-temperature (CT) light sources are preferred for physiologically-friendly illumination at night due to their low suppression of melatonin secretion. We fabricated low-CT hybrid organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by constructing a double emissive-layer (EML) structure, with a blue-red fluorescent-phosphorescent hybrid EML and a green phosphorescent EML, separated by a bipolar interlayer. By doping a red phosphor in a blue fluorescent mixed-host with a decent concentration, blue and red emissions from the host and dopant, respectively, were obtained. The CT of the optimized device was tuned to less than 2500 K, with the brightness ranging from 100 to 10,000 cd m⁻². In addition, the low-CT OLED exhibited much higher efficacy than other low-CT light sources, such as incandescent bulbs and candles. The maximum power efficiency and external quantum efficiency of the hybrid OLED reached 54.6 lm W⁻¹ and 24.3 %, respectively, which only rolled off to 44.2 lm W⁻¹ and 23.6 % at 1000 cd m⁻², with a CT of 1910 K. Low-CT OLEDs with high efficacy provide a promising alternative for night lighting that will safeguard human health.