内氧化法制备Al2O3／Cu复合材料的再结晶行为

以Cu2O为氧化剂，采用Cu-Al合金粉末内氧化及后续的粉末冶金法制备了Al2O3／Cu复合材料。并将不同Al2O3含量的试样进行不同变形量的冷拔处理，在氮气保护下进行高温退火处理(700℃～1050℃，1h)。研究了硬度随退火温度的变化规律，观察了显微组织。结果表明：在铜基体中弥散分布着纳米级的Al2O3颗粒：经900℃，1h退火后Al2O3／Cu复合材料的硬度可保持室温的87％以上；其再结晶温度高达1000℃；变形量和Al2O3含量增加均使硬度提高，但对软化和再结晶温度影响不大。     

2004年起中国将启用新的金属废料分类目录及报关方法

在交流条件硅酸钠溶液中利用微等离子体氧化技术合成了陶瓷涂层。通过XRD，EPMA分析了所得陶瓷涂层在不同层面上的相组成、微观结构及元素分布。由陶瓷涂层截面的背散射图看出陶瓷涂层较致密、与基体结合强度高。XRD分析结果显示，陶瓷涂层的最外层由莫来石及γ-Al2O3相组成，随着向陶瓷涂层内部的移动，莫来石的含量逐渐减少，α-Al2O3，γ-A12O3相的含量逐渐提高，而且陶瓷涂层的颜色由白色逐渐变为黑色。硅元素在陶瓷涂层的外侧及陶瓷涂层与基体的交界处陶瓷涂层一侧含量较多，在陶瓷涂层中间含量少。而陶瓷涂层的硬度变化也出现了中间高，两侧低的分布情况。     

Surface nanocrystallization of commercial pure titanium by shot peening

The surface nanostructures of commercial pure titanium was realized by the modified shot peening equipment commonly used in industry through the special treatment process. The results show that high-energy-shot-peening(HESP) commonly used to prepare nanostructured surface layers can be achieved by the increase of pill size, pill speed, and treatment time in the commercial shot peening equipment. XRD, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the surface layer microstructure of treated specimens. The analytic results show that the main deformation mode of commercial pure Ti is twinning. At the beginning of deformation, the dislocations are formed and twins occur within or on plane, then twins in intersection plane appear, and at last the twin characteristics disappear in the surface layer after longer treatment time. The deformation layer depth increases with treatment time in a certain period when the pill size and speed are unchanged. And in the severe plastic deformation (SPD) layer in which the twins are not identified easily by using SEM, the nanocrystalline microstructures are found under TEM. The finest grain size in the surface layer is about 40 nm, and the depth of nanostructured layers is over 60 μm. The microhardness of the nanostructured surface layers is enhanced significantly after shot peening compared with that of the initial simple.     

Ti-Mo-Zr-Fe合金的微观结构与纳米压入特性的关系

通过不同的热处理制度控制TMZF合金中的相组成和含量，利用XRD分析确定各种相结构。利用纳米压入测量仪测试了不同组织结构下的硬度和弹性模量。结果表明，当合金中存在ω相时，合金的的硬度和弹性模量最高，随着热处理温度的提高，合金中的ω相消失，代之而来的是α相，而且越接近β转变温度，α相含量越少，对应的弹性模量和硬度越来越低。对于Ti—Mo—Zr-Fe合金来说压入性能（硬度、弹性模量）与相成分之间存在着良好的匹配关系。     

球磨法制备钛纳米晶

用球磨法制备出钛纳米晶粉末.结果表明,经过24h球磨后,晶粒平均尺寸达到12—13nm粉末的氧、氮含量极低、粉末的硬度与晶粒尺寸的关系为正常的Hall-Petch关系。     

采用锥型砧座测定微小钢球的硬度及其方差分析

在WELSON－A653T洛氏硬度计上,采用自制凹锥形砧座测试微小钢球的硬度,解决了微小钢球在常用平面砧座和V形砧座上易打滑,不易固定,致使压头打在砧座上,损坏压头和砧座的难题,并采用方差分析的方法,将该法与传统试验方法相比较,验证其检测结果与传统法所获得检验结果无显著性差异。     

Improvement of wear resistance of plasma-sprayed molybdenum blend coatings

The wear resistance of plasma sprayed molybdenum blend coatings applicable to synchronizer rings or piston rings was investigated in this study. Four spray powders, one of which was pure molybdenum and the others blended powders of bronze and aluminum-silicon alloy powders mixed with molybdenum powders, were sprayed on a low-carbon steel substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying. Microstructural analysis of the coatings showed that the phases formed during spraying were relatively homogeneously distributed in the molybdenum matrix. The wear test results revealed that the wear rate of all the coatings increased with increasing wear load and that the blended coatings exhibited better wear resistance than the pure molybdenum coating, although the hardness was lower. In the pure molybdenum coatings, splats were readily fractured, or cracks were initiated between splats under high wear loads, thereby leading to the decrease in wear resistance. On the other hand, the molybdenum coating blended with bronze and aluminum-silicon alloy powders exhibited excellent wear resistance because hard phases such as CuAl₂ and Cu₉Al₄ formed inside the coating.     

Interaction between alloying and hardening of cast iron surface

To improve wear resistance of surface will increase the service life of gray cast iron directly.This paper presents that gray cast iron surface coated with alloy powder is locally remelted by TIG arc of increase the wear resistance.The influences of arc current and scanning rate etc on surface properties are found.Under different conditions.the microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of remelted layer are analyzed and measured.The results indicate that the gray cast iron surface can be strengthened by TIG arc local remelting treathent.Especially,surface alloying hardening effect is best and surface properties are improved remarkably.     

Microstructural and tribological behavior of TiAlN/MoS2-Ti coatings

1. Introduction The search for a better wear resistant coating has resulted in the development of a class of hard, solid-lubricated coatings. The driving force behind the coating industry was the need to develop a proc-ess that will extend the life of steel machine parts, cutting tools, molding dies, and sliding parts. For example, in the stamping industry, severe abrasive wear and galling (cold metal welding) are expected. There is the need for an efficient application of lu-bricants both for…     

国外先进的用于生产过程控制的硬度计及其新技术简介

提出了过程控制硬度计这一全新的概念,指出了作为过程控制硬度计应该具有的性能特点;全面地分析了国产硬度计同国际上先进的用于过程硬度控制的硬度计在性能和功能上的差距;介绍了作为国际上专门生产过程控制硬度计的瑞士ERNST公司的产品及其产品的特点,为国内硬度计的使用单位采购硬度计的选型,以及为硬度计的制造企业今后产品的研制方向提供了一个很好的参考.