功能助剂对聚醚聚氨酯网络性能的影响

分别采用4种功能助剂通过拉伸实验和DMA试验对聚醚聚氨酯网络体系进行性能研究.结果表明,改性含羟基丙烯酸树脂中的羟基比聚醚多元醇PET(2f,5500)中的羟基活性高,更易于与IPDI反应,形成两相结构,玻璃化温度分别为-43.28℃和38.01℃,可绕性环氧树脂与三羟甲基丙烷相类似,网络体系的力学性能不理想;三元树脂中的羟基和聚醚多元醇的羟基活性相当,形成互穿网络体系后延伸率超过1 200%、强度达到2.57MPa,玻璃化温度-68℃,最后得出,三元树脂是较为理想的扩链剂.     

造纸湿强剂的研究进展

简要介绍了造纸湿强剂的增强机理,讨论了湿强剂的应用及其研究进展,并探讨了今后造纸湿强剂的研究发展方向。     

Silane Coupling Agents as Adhesion Promoters for Aerospace Structural Film Adhesives

The performance of eight organofunctional silane coupling agents as adhesion promoters for the bonding of aluminium with two 121°C and two 177°C curing structural film adhesives was investigated and compared to the chromic acid (FPL) etch pre-treatment process and two non-chemical pretreatments. Aspects considered were shear strength of joints at ambient and elevated temperatures and durability, as judged by the wedge test.

The epoxy silane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane, was found to be a very efficient adhesion promoter with all film adhesives evaluated. The cationic styryl silane, a neutral diamine monohydrochloride, showed promise with two adhesive systems. Four other neutral silanes were less effective.

Performance of amine functional silanes was mixed. Although the shear strength of joints with the primary amine silane at its natural pH of ∼10.3 was relatively good, durability was poor. However, good durability was obtained if the primer was first adjusted to pH 8 with hydrochloric acid, but not if acetic or phosphoric acids were used. Diamine silane was not an effective adhesion promoter at either its natural pH or when acidified with hydrochloric acid.     

Characterization of a coating layer on glass fibre used as reinforcing material in a polyepoxide matrix by means of FTIR spectroscopy and vapour phase interaction studies with monofunctional model compounds

Coatings on glass fibres, used to reinforce polyepoxide matrices, were examined by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and by their reaction with styrene oxide, aniline, and also water in the vapour phase which was followed calorimetrically and gravimetrically. The coatings comprised an adhesive (of the DGEBA epoxy prepolymer type) applied on its own or together with a coupling agent (γ aminopropyltriethoxysilane). In all tests, these fibres were compared with untreated fibres of a similar type. The results of the studies indicate that the combination of the two coatings forms a reactive mixture within themselves which may inhibit uniform coating of the glass. It is also shown that the coating products on the glass control the process of water diffusion.     

新型抗菌内墙涂料的制备及性能研究

研究了新型抗菌内墙涂料的配方设计,通过添加Zn2+或壳聚糖来制备抗菌内墙涂料,结果显示:随着内墙涂料中Zn2+或壳聚糖浓度的增大,这2种涂料对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果越好。采用Zn2+作为抗菌剂,制成抗菌内墙苯丙乳胶漆,其理化综合性能优异。     

抗静电剂在BOPP薄膜中的应用

介绍了双向拉伸聚丙烯（BOPP）薄膜用抗静电剂的种类和作用机理。结合生产经验详细地论述了抗静电剂对BOPP薄膜的加工过程、抗静电效果以及光学性能的影响。     

Effects of diterpene esters of tigliane,daphnane, ingenane,and lathyrane types on pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Twenty esters, representing the biogenetically related tigliane, daphnane, ingenane, and lathyrane series of diterpenes, were screened for growth-inhibitory and insecticidal effects on newly hatched larvae of the North American cotton pest,Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm). Among the tigliane derivatives tested, only 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and 12-O-(2-methyl)butyrylphorbol-13-decanoate, of seven phorbol diesters isolated from croton oil by a new procedure involving droplet countercurrent chromatography, were active againstP.gossypiella as both growth inhibitors and insecticides. The effects of the former compound were not significantly diminished by acetylation of its C-20 primary hydroxy group. Three other croton oil phorbol diester constituents, as well as daphnetoxin and daphnetoxin-5,20-diacetate, exhibited activity as growth inhibitors, but not as insecticidal agents, at the doses used. None of the ingenane or lathyrane derivatives investigated was active in either respect. 12-0-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate was found to cause 100% mortality on second-stadium larvae ofCulex pipiens at 0.6 ppm, but exhibited less significant effects onOncopeltus fasciatus (second-stadium nymphs) andTribolium confusion (adults) when applied at higher doses.     

复合乳浊釉的研制

本通过在基础釉中添加复合乳浊剂，并运用四角配料的方法进行综合调试，制得了性能优良的高白生料乳浊釉；结合测试分析探讨了复合乳浊剂在高白乳浊釉中的作用机理。     

Generation of novel landomycins M and O through targeted gene disruption

Two genes from Streptomyces cyanogenous S136 that encode the reductase LanZ4 and the hydroxylase LanZ5, which are involved in landomycin A biosynthesis, were characterized by targeted gene inactivation. Analyses of the corresponding mutants as well as complementation experiments have allowed us to show that LanZ4 and LanZ5 are responsible for the unique C-11-hydroxylation that occurs during landomycin biosynthesis. Compounds accumulated by the lanZ4/Z5 mutants are the previously described landomycin F and the new landomycins M and O.     

Bring back the steel? The growth of plastics in automotive applications

The development of plastics has evolved from the use of natural materials to the use of chemically modified natural materials and, finally, to completely man-made molecules. Plastics continue to improve, to afford flexibility, high-impact, and strength. In automotive applications, plastics have increased in utilization to comprise approximately 10% of the total vehicle weight. They offer increased ductility, freedom from corrosion, and increased styling capability. Although plastics have had a remarkable impact on our culture, it is obvious that there is a price to be paid for their use. Plastics are almost too good, as they are durable when processed correctly, but easily damaged when utilized in the incorrect application. Plastics also degrade very slowly, making recycling mandatory. And finally, while plastics consume only 4% of the world’s oil production (petroleum is the raw material that is chemically altered to form commercial plastics), their cost hinges on the cost of petroleum. As petroleum prices increase, so too will the cost of plastic. In 2004, the higher price of plastic forced many plastic manufacturers out of business, and forced many automotive suppliers to look into alternative replacements. With publications such as USA Today reporting that current oil reserves will only last 40 years, scientists continue to seek cheaper alternatives to plastic. This article summarizes the history of commercial plastic development, with a focus on utilization of the materials in automotive applications. Damage criteria of plastic components, namely scratch, oxidative degradation, and impact, are discussed in relation to coatings and processing robustness. Environmental regulations, particularly in relation to recycling mandates, are explained. And finally, trends in alternative material development, including bioplastics, films, ceramic coatings, and nano-composites; are formulated. Presented at the 83rd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, November 6–9, 2005 in Las Vegas, NV.