参附注射液对乳腺癌术后化疗患者生存质量及其免疫功能的影响研究

目的: 研究参附注射液对乳腺癌术后化疗患者生存质量及免疫功能的影响。方法: 选择2016年12月至2017年12月在本院化疗的150例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法均分为对照组和研究组。对照组给予常规化疗方案,研究组在对照组化疗的基础上联合参附注射液治疗。化疗6个疗程后,比较两组患者临床疗效,分析两组患者化疗前后T细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）水平和免疫球蛋白水平,比较两组化疗后的生存质量情况,观察不良反应发生情况。结果: 研究组临床治疗总有效率为96.00%,明显高于对照组的86.67%（P<0.05）。化疗前,两组患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+和NK细胞水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。化疗后,两组患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+和NK细胞水平均升高,研究组高于对照组;CD8+水平均下降,研究组低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。化疗后,两组患者的lgG、lgA和lgM水平均下降,且研究组均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。化疗后,研究组患者功能子量表中的躯体功能得分明显高于对照组,症状子量表中的疲劳、恶心/呕吐和疼痛得分明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组总不良反应率为4.00%,明显低于对照组的14.67%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论: 参附注射液能有效提高乳腺癌术后化疗患者免疫功能,改善患者术后生存质量,临床疗效显著,临床应用价值高。     

癌症患者质子泵抑制剂使用的研究进展

质子泵抑制剂（proton pump inhibitors, PPIs）是一类抑制胃酸分泌的药物,用于急、慢性消化系统疾病的治疗,也常用于化学药物治疗、放射性治疗、应激性溃疡和合用类固醇类药物的预防性给药。临床研究中发现,大部分的PPIs的预防性给药存在不合理现象。本文综述了癌症患者合并使用PPIs的临床实验及PPIs的不良反应,为PPIs的合理用药提供参考。     

88例妇科肿瘤术后化疗患者护理干预研究

对妇科肿瘤化疗患者实施健康教育和放松训练具有很重要的理论意义,同时也具有很强的实用价值:可以纠正患者对疾病的态度改善其情绪,改善患者乃至整个家庭的生活质量;同时也对从事肿瘤专科治疗的医护人员提出新的要求。本文对护理干预对妇科肿瘤术后化疗患者生存质量影响进行了研究。     

Specific response expectancies predict anticipatory nausea during chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Clinical research has demonstrated that large numbers of chemotherapy patients continue to experience nausea in the clinic prior to infusions. A better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for such anticipatory nausea (AN) is likely to provide critical information for identifying intervention targets. In the present study the authors investigated the contribution of expectancy, history of nausea, and distress to AN in 60 women with Stage I or II breast cancer receiving standard adjuvant chemotherapy. The predictors were each independently associated with AN (p     

Cobalt Ferrite-Gossypol Coordination Nanoagents with High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency Sensitizing Chemotherapy against Bcl-2 to Induce Tumor Apoptosis

Gossypol is a chemotherapeutic drug that can inhibit the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, but the existing gossypol-related nanocarriers cannot well solve the problem of chemotherapy resistance. Based on the observation that gossypol becomes black upon Fe³⁺ coordination, it is hypothesized that encasing gossypol in glyceryl monooleate (GMO) and making it coordinate cobalt ferrite will not only improve its photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) but also help it enter tumor cells. As the drug loading content and drug encapsulation efficiency of gossypol are 10.67% (w/w) and 96.20%, the PCE of cobalt ferrite rises from 14.71% to 36.00%. The synergistic therapeutic effect finally induces tumor apoptosis with a tumor inhibition rate of 96.56%, which is 2.99 and 1.47 times higher than chemotherapy or photothermal therapy (PTT) alone. PTT generated by the GMO nanocarriers under the irradiation of 808 nm laser can weaken tumor hypoxia, thereby assisting gossypol to inhibit Bcl-2. In addition, the efficacy of nanocarriers is also evaluated through T₂-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Observations of gossypol-induced apoptosis in tissue slices provide definitive proof of chemotherapy sensitization, indicating that such coordination nanocarriers can be used as an effective preclinical agent to enhance chemotherapy.     

Intermittent Fasting Primes the Tumor Microenvironment and Improves Nanomedicine Delivery in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Fasting has many health benefits, including reduced chemotherapy toxicity and improved efficacy. It is unclear how fasting affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor-targeted drug delivery. Here the effects of intermittent (IF) and short-term (STF) fasting are investigated on tumor growth, TME composition, and liposome delivery in allogeneic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse models. To this end, mice are inoculated either subcutaneously or intrahepatically with Hep-55.1C cells and subjected to IF for 24 d or to STF for 1 d. IF but not STF significantly slows down tumor growth. IF increases tumor vascularization and decreases collagen density, resulting in improved liposome delivery. In vitro, fasting furthermore promotes the tumor cell uptake of liposomes. These results demonstrate that IF shapes the TME in HCC towards enhanced drug delivery. Finally, when combining IF with liposomal doxorubicin treatment, the antitumor efficacy of nanochemotherapy is found to be increased, while systemic side effects are reduced. Altogether, these findings exemplify that the beneficial effects of fasting on anticancer therapy outcomes go beyond modulating metabolism at the molecular level.     

CD44‐Specific A6 Short Peptide Boosts Targetability and Anticancer Efficacy of Polymersomal Epirubicin to Orthotopic Human Multiple Myeloma

Chemotherapy is widely used in the clinic though its benefits are controversial owing to low cancer specificity. Nanovehicles capable of selectively transporting drugs to cancer cells have been energetically pursued to remodel cancer treatment. However, no active targeting nanomedicines have succeeded in clinical translation to date, partly due to either modest targetability or complex fabrication. CD44‐specific A6 short peptide (KPSSPPEE) functionalized polymersomal epirubicin (A6‐PS‐EPI), which boosts targetability and anticancer efficacy toward human multiple myeloma (MM) in vivo, is described. A6‐PS‐EPI encapsulating 11 wt% EPI is small (≈55 nm), robust, reduction‐responsive, and easy to fabricate. Of note, A6 decoration markedly augments the uptake and anticancer activity of PS‐EPI in CD44‐overexpressing LP‐1 MM cells. A6‐PS‐EPI displays remarkable targeting ability to orthotopic LP‐1 MM, causing depleted bone damage and striking survival benefits compared to nontargeted PS‐EPI. Overall, A6‐PS‐EPI, as a simple and intelligent nanotherapeutic, demonstrates high potential for clinical translation.